Diabetes Mellitus in Peru.

Background: Peru is an upper medium-income developing country with an increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, including diabetes.

Objective: To review and describe the epidemiology, drivers, and diabetes care plan in Peru.

Methods: The medical literature was reviewed based on systematic searching of PubMed, Scielo, and various gray literature from the International Diabetes Federation, World Health Organization, and local Peruvian agencies.

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Peruvian patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a hospital-based retinal telescreening program.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes and to determine any association with clinical factors.

Methods: This hospital-based screening project was designed to prospectively detect the presence of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes by grading images acquired with a digital retinal camera.

Results: Of 1 311 patients screened, appropriate retinal images were obtained in 1 222 subjects (93.

Diabetic ketoacidosis during gestational diabetes. A case report.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is an infrequent complication of gestational diabetes but results in fetal loss. It usually occurs in the later stages of pregnancy. We report two young pregnant women who were admitted because of newly diagnosed diabetes with ketoacidosis.

[Association of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and prolonged QT interval with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

In order to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and corrected QT interval (QTc) with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, we followed up for 5 years 67 patients attending the outpatient Endocrinology Service. 82% completed follow-up and cardiovascular events occurred in 16 patients. We found that long QTc interval was the only variable significantly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the multiple logistic regression analysis (RR: 13.

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state and rhino-orbital mucormycosis.

Rhino-orbital mucormycosis is a fatal infection. Decompensated diabetes is the most common predisposing factor. Two male adults were admitted because of newly diagnosed diabetes with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state and CT scan showed extensive pansinusitis and orbital inflammation.

Diabetic ketoacidosis in Peruvian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in adult Peruvian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, we reviewed clinical charts of type 2 diabetic patients with DKA admitted to Cayetano Heredia Hospital between 2001 and 2005 for data on demographics, previous treatment, previous hospital admissions for DKA, family history of diabetes, precipitating factors, hospital course, mortality, and insulin use 3 and 6 months after the index DKA episode. Patients older than 18 years who had confirmed DKA were included.