Clinical variables contributing to the identification of biologically defined subgroups within cognitively unimpaired and mild cognitive impairment individuals.

Background: A lack of consensus exists in linking demographic, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics to biological stages of dementia, defined by the ATN (amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration) classification incorporating amyloid, tau, and neuronal injury biomarkers.

Methods: Using a random forest classifier we investigated whether 27 demographic, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics allowed distinction between ATN-defined groups with the same cognitive profile. This was done separately for three cognitively unimpaired (CU) (112 A-T-N-; 46 A+T+N+/-; 65 A-T+/-N+/-) and three mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (128 A-T-N-; 223 A+T+N+/-; 94 A-T+/-N+/-) subgroups.

Small vessel disease burden and functional brain connectivity in mild cognitive impairment.

Background: The role of small vessel disease in the development of dementia is not yet completely understood. Functional brain connectivity has been shown to differ between individuals with and without cerebral small vessel disease. However, a comprehensive measure of small vessel disease quantifying the overall damage on the brain is not consistently used and studies using such measure in mild cognitive impairment individuals are missing.

Effects of interventions on cerebral perfusion in the Alzheimer's disease spectrum: A systematic review.

Cerebral perfusion dysfunctions are seen in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We systematically reviewed the literature to investigate the effect of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on cerebral hemodynamics in randomized controlled trials involving AD patients or Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) due to AD. Studies involving other dementia types were excluded.

Short- and Long-Term Functional Connectivity Differences Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Progression.

Introduction: Progression of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a clinical event with highly variable progression rates varying from 10-15% up to 30-34%. Functional connectivity (FC), the temporal similarity between spatially remote neurophysiological events, has previously been reported to differ between aMCI patients who progress to AD (pMCI) and those who do not (i.e.

Functional connectivity differences in Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment associated with AT(N) classification and anosognosia.

Alzheimer's continuum biological profiles (ATN, ATN, ATN, and ATN) were established in the 2018 National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association research framework for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aim to assess the relation between AT(N) biomarker profiles and brain functional connectivity (FC) and assess the neural correlates of anosognosia. We assessed local functional coupling and between-network connectivity through between-group intrinsic local correlation and independent component analyses.

Factors Associated With Urgent-Start Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Complications in ESRD.

Introduction: Urgent-start peritoneal dialysis (PD) in patients with newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a well-tolerated alternative to hemodialysis (HD). The primary aim of this study was to identify the demographic and clinical characteristics of ESRD patients, as well as the presurgical, surgical, and postsurgical factors associated with urgent-start PD complications.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was performed on 102 patients with ESRD who merited urgent-start PD from January 2015 to June 2019.

Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration Secondary to BRAF Mutant Melanoma Metastasis from an Occult Primary Cancer.

Melanoma metastasis from an unknown primary cancer has an incidence of 3.2% among melanoma patients. Furthermore, paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are rare, occurring in 1-3% of patients with malignancies.

Bioethical implications of end-of-life decision-making in patients with dementia: a tale of two societies.

End-of-life decision-making in patients with dementia is a complex topic. Belgium and the Netherlands have been at the forefront of legislative advancement and progressive societal changes concerning the perspectives toward physician-assisted death (PAD). Careful consideration of clinical and social aspects is essential during the end-of-life decision-making process in patients with dementia.

Headache, Delirium or Encephalitis? A Case of Residual Mutism Secondary to Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis.

Encephalitis is a heterogeneous syndrome that is diagnosed through clinical assessment and the assistance of laboratory, neuroimaging and electroencephalographic workup. Over the past 10 years, autoimmune encephalitis has been more frequently recognized; however, most reports come from highly specialized hospital settings. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NDMAR) encephalitis has been associated with paraneoplastic encephalitis syndromes and was first recognized in 2005.

Paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome secondary to melanoma metastasis form occult primary cancer.

Introduction: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is an inflammatory neurological disorder, often requiring a prompt medical evaluation. Among the diverse etiologies associated with OMS are autoimmune, infectious, paraneoplastic, and systemic diseases, and drug intoxication.

Clinical Summary: The case of a 36-year-old female with a disabling holocranial headache, sudden loss of consciousness, aggressive behavior, vertigo, and a personal history of somatoform disorder and major depression is presented here.

Axillobifemoral bypass for total abdominal occlusion secondary to Takayasu's arteritis: A case report.

Introduction: Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare disease that mainly affects large arteries. Approximately 20% of TA patients will require surgical intervention secondary to arterial complications such as intermittent claudication, persistent hypertension refractory to treatment, and heart failure.

Presentation Of Case: The case of a 22-year-old female with TA of five years of evolution is presented.

Functional Neural Correlates of Anosognosia in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: a Systematic Review.

Functional neuroimaging techniques (i.e. single photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging) have been used to assess the neural correlates of anosognosia in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Invasive Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma with Lepidic Growth Pattern in a Pregnant Patient.

Among the differential diagnoses that should be considered in acute respiratory failure (ARF) are infectious processes, autoimmune diseases, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary neoplasia. Timely diagnosis of lung neoplasia is complicated in the early stages. An opportune diagnosis, as well as the specific treatment, decrease mortality.

A Case of Acute Pemphigus Vulgaris Relapses Associated with Cocaine Use and Review of the Literature.

Pemphigus is a bullous autoimmune disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It is very difficult to establish the etiology and the triggering factors that influence reactivations in pemphigus vulgaris (PV). The case of a 33-year-old male with chronic history of intranasal cocaine consumption is presented in this report.

Alveolar hemorrhage associated with cocaine consumption.

Cocaine is an illegal drug; its abuse and toxicity are a public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality. Cocaine can affect the cardiovascular, central nervous and respiratory systems. The case of a 42-year-old male without history of chronic or degenerative diseases, but previous cocaine consumption is presented in this report.

Hippocampal Volumetry as a Biomarker for Dementia in People with Low Education.

Background/aims: To evaluate the relationship between hippocampal volume and cognitive decline in patients with dementia due to probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and education, and the possible relationship between cognitive reserve and education in this population.

Methods: From February 2013 to October 2015, 76 patients (25 men, 51 women) were classified according to the NIA-AA diagnostic criteria. We used two 3.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options of Spinal Metastases.

Cancer patients with spinal metastases are a diagnostic and treatment challenge for the clinician. This challenge must be addressed through a multidisciplinary, multimodal, and individualized management. The presence of tumor cells in bone metastases results in homeostatic disruption between bone formation and remodeling.