Eosinophils participate in modulation of liver immune response and tissue damage induced by Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice.

The severity of chronic schistosomiasis has been mainly associated with the intensity and extension of the inflammatory response induced by egg-secreted antigens in the host tissue, especially in the liver and intestine. During acute schistosomiasis, eosinophils account for approximately 50% of the cells that compose the liver granulomas; however, the role of this cell-type in the pathology of schistosomiasis remains controversial. In the current study, we compared the parasite burden and liver immunopathological changes during experimental schistosomiasis in wild-type (WT) BALB/c mice and BALB/c mice selectively deficient for the differentiation of eosinophils (ΔdblGATA).

Systemic Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Individuals With Infection and Low Parasite Burden.

Intestinal schistosomiasis, caused by the parasitic trematode , is a chronic disease and the prolonged and continuous exposure to antigens results in a deviation of the host's immune response. For diagnosis, the Kato-Katz (KK) method is recommended, however, this method showed low accuracy in areas of low endemicity. This study aimed to characterize the cytokine and chemokine profile of individuals with an extremely low parasite load (<4 eggs per gram of feces), e.

The role of IL-33/ST2, IL-4, and eosinophils on the airway hyperresponsiveness induced by Strongyloides venezuelensis in BALB/c mice.

Strongyloidiasis is a neglected chronic nematode infection, in which the control of autoinfection rate and severity of disease is dependent on type 2 immune responses. Strongyloides also causes Th2 responses in the lung of infected animals and changes in airway function, including airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Mechanisms of AHR during Strongyloides venezuelensis infection are not entirely known, and we investigate here the role of IL-4, eosinophils, and IL-33/ST2.

Effect of different stages of Schistosoma mansoni infection on the parasite burden and immune response to Strongyloides venezuelensis in co-infected mice.

Multiple schistosome and soil-transmitted nematode infections are frequently reported in human populations living in tropical areas of developing countries. In addition to exposure factors, the host immune response plays an important role in helminth control and morbidity in hosts with multiple infections; however, these aspects are difficult to evaluate in human populations. In the current study, female Swiss mice were simultaneously co-infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis and Schistosoma mansoni or infected with St.