Ameliorating effects of leaves on lead-induced hepatotoxicity.

Lead (Pb), a common toxicant is ubiquitously present in the environment. Chronic Pb exposure affects almost every organ system of human body including liver. is a medicinal plant and its leaves are known to have hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperglycemic activities.

Freeze-dried fecal microorganisms as an effective biomaterial for the treatment of calves suffering from diarrhea.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a therapeutic modality for treating neonatal calf diarrhea. Several practical barriers, including donor selection, fecal collection, and a limited timeframe for FMT, are the main constraints to using fresh feces for implementing on-farm FMT. We report the utility of FMT with pretreated ready-to-use frozen (F) or freeze-dried (FD) microorganisms for treating calf diarrhea.

Male mice are susceptible to brain dysfunction induced by early-life acephate exposure.

Background: Acephate is a widely used organophosphate insecticide. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, such as acephate, can interfere with neurodevelopment in childhood, increasing the risk of higher brain dysfunction later in life. Furthermore, brain dysfunction may be related to chemical exposure-related disturbances in the gut microbiota.

Formation of the junctions between lymph follicles in the Peyer's patches even before postweaning activation.

Peyer's patches (PPs), which contain an abundance of B and T cells, play a key role in inducing pivotal immune responses in the intestinal tract. PPs are defined as aggregated lymph follicles, which consist of multiple lymph follicles (LFs) that may interact with each other in a synergistic manner. LFs are thought to be spherical in shape; however, the characteristics of their structure are not fully understood.

The impact of high-IgE levels on metabolome and microbiome in experimental allergic enteritis.

Background: The pathological mechanism of the gastrointestinal forms of food allergies is less understood in comparison to other clinical phenotypes, such as asthma and anaphylaxis Importantly, high-IgE levels are a poor prognostic factor in gastrointestinal allergies.

Methods: This study investigated how high-IgE levels influence the development of intestinal inflammation and the metabolome in allergic enteritis (AE), using IgE knock-in (IgEki) mice expressing high levels of IgE. In addition, correlation of the altered metabolome with gut microbiome was analysed.

Concomitant Exposure to Lower Doses of Arsenic, Lead, and Manganese Induces Greater Synergistic Neurotoxicity Than Individual Metals in Mice.

People in Bangladesh are often exposed to low to high levels of multiple metals due to contaminated groundwater with various heavy metals such as arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn). However, the effects of concomitant exposure of these three metals on neurobehavioral changes are yet to be studied. Therefore, this study was intended to assess the neurotoxic effect of As, Pb, and Mn in a mouse model.

Broad specificity of monoclonal IgA (TEPC15-IgA) for enteric bacteria via phosphorylcholine-mediated interaction.

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is notable for its broad specificity toward multiple bacteria. Phosphorylcholine (PC) plays a role in the infection of pathogenic bacteria carrying PC and in the induction of IgA responses in the host immune system. The commercially available mouse monoclonal IgA, TEPC15-IgA, is a distinctive antibody with specificity for PC, warranting further exploration of its response to PC-bearing enteric bacteria.

Identification of four genes responsible for antimicrobial resistance of MEL-B against S. aureus.

There is increasing interest in the antimicrobial activity of mannosylerythritol lipids-B (MEL-B) against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). However, the specific molecules involved in MEL-B's antimicrobial action against S.

Structure-changeable luminescent Eu(III) complex as a human cancer grade probing system for brain tumor diagnosis.

Accurate determination of human tumor malignancy is important for choosing efficient and safe therapies. Bioimaging technologies based on luminescent molecules are widely used to localize and distinguish active tumor cells. Here, we report a human cancer grade probing system (GPS) using a water-soluble and structure-changeable Eu(III) complex for the continuous detection of early human brain tumors of different malignancy grades.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Persons With Spinal Cord Injury in Bangladesh: Database for the International Spinal Cord Injury Community Survey 2023.

The study aims to explore the demographic and clinical characteristics of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Bangladesh. A total of 3035 persons with SCI spanning from 2018 to 2022 were included in this cross-sectional study. Information about demographic and clinical variables was obtained from the medical records and verified through telephone calls to ensure accuracy and consistency.

Fenugreek seed powder protects mice against arsenic-induced neurobehavioral changes.

The current study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of fenugreek seed powder against As-induced neurobehavioral and biochemical perturbations using a mouse model. Mice exposed to arsenic at 10 mg/kg body weight showed development of anxiety-like behavior and memory impairment compared to control mice in elevated plus maze and Morris water maze tests, respectively. A significantly decreased acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were found in the brain of arsenic-exposed mice compared to control mice.

Silver nanoparticles - laser induced graphene (Ag NPs - LIG) hybrid electrodes for sensitive electrochemical-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (EC-SERS) detection.

This paper presents a novel approach for the fabrication of low cost Electrochemical-Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (EC-SERS) sensing platforms. Laser Induced Graphene (LIG) electrodes were readily fabricated by direct laser writing of polyimide tapes and functionalized with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to obtain hybrid Ag NPs - LIG electrodes suitable for EC-SERS analysis. Detection was achieved by coupling a handheld potentiostat with a Raman spectrograph, enabling measurement of SERS spectra of target analytes generated during voltage sweeps in the 0.

Effects of early-life tosufloxacin tosilate hydrate administration on growth rate, neurobehavior, and gut microbiota at adulthood in male mice.

Reportedly, antibiotics, which are frequently prescribed in children, have long-term effects owing to gut microbiota dysregulation. Tosufloxacin tosilate hydrate (TFLX) is the first orally administered new quinolone with high efficacy and broad-spectrum action approved as an antibacterial agent for pediatric use in Japan. However, studies on the effects of its early-stage administration are limited.

Clerodendrum viscosum leaves attenuate lead-induced neurotoxicity through upregulation of BDNF-Akt-Nrf2 pathway in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Clerodendrum viscosum is an important medicinal plant in Ayurveda in Bangladesh and its leaves are used as a remedy for various diseases such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hyperglycemic, hepatoprotective effects.

Aim Of The Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous extract of C. viscosum leaves against Pb-induced neurobehavioral and biochemical changes in mice.

Mulberry leaves juice attenuates arsenic-induced neurobehavioral and hepatic disorders in mice.

Arsenic (As) poisoning has caused an environmental catastrophe in Bangladesh as millions of people are exposed to As-contaminated drinking water. Chronic As-exposure causes depression, memory impairment, and liver injury in experimental animals. This study was carried out to assess the protective effect of mulberry leaves juice (Mul) against As-induced neurobehavioral and hepatic dysfunctions in Swiss albino mice.

Electrocatalytic and structural properties and computational calculation of PAN-EC-PC-TPAI-I gel polymer electrolytes for dye sensitized solar cell application.

In this study, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) were prepared using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer, ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC) plasticizers and different compositions of tetrapropylammonium iodide (TPAI) salt. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were done using non-blocking Pt-electrode symmetric cells. The limiting current ( ), apparent diffusion coefficient of triiodide ions and exchange current were found to be 12.

Elevated serum periostin levels among arsenic-exposed individuals and their associations with the features of asthma.

Chronic exposure to arsenic via drinking water is a serious public health issue in many countries. Arsenic causes not only cancers but also non-malignant diseases, including asthma. We have previously reported that arsenic exposure increases the risk of Th2-mediated allergic asthma.

Development of a rational framework for the therapeutic efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for calf diarrhea treatment.

Background: Establishing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to prevent multifactorial diarrhea in calves is challenging because of the differences in farm management practices, the lack of optimal donors, and recipient selection. In this study, the underlying factors of successful and unsuccessful FMT treatment cases are elucidated, and the potential markers for predicting successful FMT are identified using fecal metagenomics via 16S rRNA gene sequencing, fecal metabolomics via capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and machine learning approaches.

Results: Specifically, 20 FMT treatment cases, in which feces from healthy donors were intrarectally transferred into recipient diarrheal calves, were conducted with a success rate of 70%.

Duck virus enteritis (duck plague) outbreak in an Australian black swan () flock at safari park in Bangladesh: A case report.

Objective: Duck virus enteritis is a severe viral disease that kills ducks and swans worldwide. The clinical manifestations, gross pathology, molecular detection, and characterization of the duck virus enteritis virus (DVEV) in Australian black swans at a safari park in Bangladesh were described in this case report.

Materials And Methods: On a safari park in Bangladesh, an Australian black swan flock exhibited clinical signs of anorexia, greenish watery diarrhea, increased thirst, partial paralysis, and death.

Arsenic Secondary Methylation Capacity Is Inversely Associated with Arsenic Exposure-Related Muscle Mass Reduction.

Skeletal muscle mass reduction has been implicated in insulin resistance (IR) that promotes cardiometabolic diseases. We have previously reported that arsenic exposure increases IR concomitantly with the reduction of skeletal muscle mass among individuals exposed to arsenic. The arsenic methylation capacity is linked to the susceptibility to some arsenic exposure-related diseases.

Fermented rice bran supplementation attenuates chronic colitis-associated extraintestinal manifestations in female C57BL/6N mice.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have higher incidence of extraintestinal manifestations (EIM), including liver disorders, sarcopenia, and neuroinflammation. Fermented rice bran (FRB), generated from rice bran (RB), is rich in bioactive compounds, and exhibits anti-colitis activity. However, its role in EIM prevention is still unclear.

The gut microbiota induces Peyer's-patch-dependent secretion of maternal IgA into milk.

The evolutionary strategy of transferring maternal antibodies via milk profoundly impacts the survival, lifelong health, and wellbeing of all neonates, including a pronounced impact on human breastfeeding success and infant development. While there has been increased recognition that interorgan connectivity influences the quality of a mother's milk, potentially to personalize it for her offspring, the underlying bases for these processes are incompletely resolved. Here, we define an essential role of Peyer's patches (PPs) for the generation of plasma cells that secrete maternal immunoglobulin A (IgA) into milk.

Laser Scribing Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Biosensors for Label-Free Detection of Interleukin-6.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important immuno-modulating cytokine playing a pivotal role in inflammatory processes in disease induction and progression. As IL-6 serves as an important indicator of disease state, it is of paramount importance to develop low cost, fast and sensitive improved methods of detection. Here we present an electrochemical immunosensor platform based on the use of highly porous graphitic carbon electrodes fabricated by direct laser writing of commercial polyimide tapes and chemically modified with capture IL-6 antibodies.

Fermented Rice Bran Supplementation Prevents the Development of Intestinal Fibrosis Due to DSS-Induced Inflammation in Mice.

Fermented rice bran (FRB) is known to protect mice intestines against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammation; however, the restoration of post-colitis intestinal homeostasis using FRB supplementation is currently undocumented. In this study, we observed the effects of dietary FRB supplementation on intestinal restoration and the development of fibrosis after DSS-induced colitis. DSS (1.