Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent painful abscesses and chronic sinus tracts in intertriginous areas. In the United States, HS disproportionally affects adults of African-American heritage. Depending on the severity of disease, the consequences of HS can be far-reaching, significantly affecting mental health and quality of life.

Benzalkonium Chloride: An Irritant and Sensitizer.

Background: Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is a known irritant, and potentially cross-reacting quaternary ammonium compounds are commonly used as preservatives in personal care products.

Objective: The aim of the study was to review positive reactions to BAK in 615 patients patch tested for suspected allergic contact dermatitis.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed in 615 patients patch tested from June 2015 to October 2016.

Hyaluronic acid, HAS1, and HAS2 are significantly upregulated during muscle hypertrophy.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in most vertebrate tissues and is thought to play a significant role during development, wound healing, and regeneration. In vitro studies have shown that HA enhances muscle progenitor cell recruitment and inhibits premature myotube fusion, implicating a role for this glycosaminoglycan in functional repair. However, the spatiotemporal distribution of HA during muscle growth and repair was unknown.