Predation on bacterial pathogens by predatory bacteria of sewage origin: three days prey-predator interactions.

Background: Predatory bacteria are Gram-negative microorganisms that grow within and lyse their bacterial prey. As bacterial predators have potential applications in medicine and biotechnology, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify predators from environmental samples. Therefore, three environmental bacteria belonging to the genus Bdellovibrio were isolated and characterized.

Assessment of the relationship between miR-499C/T (rs3746444) polymorphism and lung carcinoma in Iranian population; a case-control study.

Introduction: Lung carcinoma is characterized by uncontrollable division of respiratory system cells with detrimental and lethal consequences on human health. Critical roles of microRNAs (miR) are scientifically approved in biological and pathological pathways, such as the role of miR-499 (rs3746444) in lung carcinomas. Thus, in this case-control investigation, we aimed to assess the probable relationship between miR-499C/T variant and the occurrence of lung carcinoma in Iranian population for the first time.

Huge spindle cell sarcoma of esophagus in a middle-aged man with a recent-onset dysphagia: Case report.

Introduction: Esophageal sarcoma is a rare neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of the esophageal neoplasms have an epithelial origin. In this report, we present a case of a middle-aged man with an enormous spindle cell sarcoma whose symptoms initiated only a few weeks before diagnosis.

Characterization of immune checkpoints expression and lymphocyte densities of iranian breast cancer patients; the co-expression status and clinicopathological associates.

Background: Breast malignancies are now the most common and deadliest type of neoplasms among women worldwide. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to combat advanced stages of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and co-expression status of three immune checkpoints (PD-1, PD-L1, and LAG-3), as well as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) scores, and to further establish their potential correlations with clinicopathologic features.

Pathogenic role of Twist-1 protein in hydatidiform molar pregnancies and investigation of its potential diagnostic utility in complete moles.

Background: Complete and partial moles (PM) are the most common gestational trophoblastic diseases. Due to some overlapping morphological findings, ancillary studies may be necessary.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 47 cases of complete mole (CM) and 40 cases of PM were randomly selected based on histopathological criteria.

Pleural CEA, CA-15-3, CYFRA 21-1, CA-19-9, CA-125 discriminating malignant from benign pleural effusions: Diagnostic cancer biomarkers.

Introduction: There is a need for a rapid, accurate, less-invasive approach to distinguishing malignant from benign pleural effusions. We investigated the diagnostic value of five pleural tumor markers in exudative pleural effusions.

Methods: By immunochemiluminescence assay, we measured pleural concentrations of tumor markers.

Evaluation of PD-L1 antigen expression using immunohistochemistry technique in medullary thyroid carcinoma samples.

Background: Markers related to the mechanism of tumoral cell escape from the immune system have received more attention. The PD-L1 molecule encoded by the "CD274" gene binds to T lymphocytes and can inhibit these cells. Therefore, increasing the expression of this marker on inflammatory or tumor cells can indicate tumor progression invasiveness and long-term consequences.

Rhabdomyosarcoma mimicking lymphoma.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant soft tissue tumor that accounts for approximately one-half of soft tissue sarcomas in childhood age groups. Metastatic RMS is a rare condition that occurs in less than 25% of patients at diagnosis and can have variable clinical presentations.

Case Presentation: Here we report a 17-year-old boy with history of weight loss, fever and generalized bone pain admitted for severe hypercalcemia.

Giant primary low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma arising from the left pulmonary parenchyma: A case report and literature review.

Background: Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is a rare painless neoplasm that primarily grows in young adults' proximal extremities and trunks. The lungs are infrequent sites for this type of sarcoma.

Case Presentation: We reported a 26-year-old female that presented with a chief complaint of chest pain from a few months ago to Kasra hospital, Tehran, Iran, in August 2021.

Characterization of persistent materials of deposited PM in the human lung.

Clearance of deposited urban air particulates (PMs) from the lung is vital for the protection of the lung tissue. Several studies have investigated the behavior of immune cells against these particulates in vitro and in vivo. However, the fate of particulates in the lung is yet unclear.

Cushing syndrome secondary to a mediastinal carcinoid tumor: a case report.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are a rare and diverse set of malignancies that can develop anywhere within the body. ACTH-producing mediastinal NETs often originate from the thymus in the anterior mediastinum and are very rare. Primary diagnostic modalities for NETs include CT scan, MRI, scintigraphy, and Ga-DOTA PET scan.

Proximal airway obstruction caused by adenoid cystic carcinoma in a pregnant woman: A case report.

Respiratory tumours are very rare during pregnancy. Here, we report a case of a primigravida woman diagnosed at 27 weeks' gestation with stridor and dyspnoea, and a primary tracheal tumour. To the best of our knowledge, this is a 4th case report of tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma during pregnancy.

MCM6 versus Ki-67 in diagnosis of luminal molecular subtypes of breast cancers.

Background: Currently, breast cancers are divided into four major molecular subtypes. The distinction between the luminal A and luminal B subtypes is mainly based on the cellular proliferation indices and is assessed by the Ki-67 scoring. Due to the limitations in the assessment and expression of Ki-67, we hypothesized that minichromosome maintenance protein 6 (MCM6) might be taken as a surrogate marker to differentiate molecular subtypes and aid in more precise grading of tumors.

Primary thoracic gastrinoma causing Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Gastrinomas are located largely in the pancreaticoduodenal region. However, gastrinomas have also been found in non-pancreaticoduodenal regions. Our study is a rare report of gastrinomas within the thoracic cavity.

Association between colorectal cancer and Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis bacteria in Iranian patients: a preliminary study.

Background And Aim: Recent studies have proposed that commensal bacteria might be involved in the development and progression of gastrointestinal disorders such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, in this study, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in CRC tissues, and their association with clinicopathologic characteristics of CRC was investigated in Iranian patients. Moreover, the role of these bacteria in the CRC-associated mutations including PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF was studied.

Development of a new method for isolation of urban air particulates deposited in the human lung tissue.

Particulate matters (PMs) are important pollutants in urban air pollution because of their variable composition. The pulmonary clearance of PMs is critical to prevent long-term immunological responses. This study established a new method for the isolation of probably deposited urban air particulates from the human lung tissue, to investigate the features of uncleared particulates.

Particulates induced lung inflammation and its consequences in the development of restrictive and obstructive lung diseases: a systematic review.

Particulate matters (PMs) are significant components of air pollution in the urban environment. PMs with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM) can penetrate to the alveolar area and introduce numerous compounds to the pneumocystis that can initiate inflammatory response.

Solitary metastases of lower extremity myxoid liposarcoma to breast: A case report and review of literature.

Solitary breast metastases from myxoid liposarcoma are extremely rare. Resection with negative margins seems as an effective treatment leading to improved survival.

Proven Aspergillus flavus pulmonary aspergillosis in a COVID-19 patient: A case report and review of the literature.

Severe COVID-19 patients complicated with aspergillosis are increasingly reported. We present a histopathological proven case of fatal COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), due to Aspergillus flavus. This report and existing published literature indicate diagnostic challenges and poor outcomes of CAPA in ICU patients.

Diagnostic Value of TROP2 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents the most common primary malignant thyroid lesion in all age groups. As diagnosis of PTC could be challenging in some cases and borderline nuclear features could be seen in some benign mimickers, several immunohistochemical markers are proposed to be helpful for making the correct diagnosis. In this study the authors investigated the diagnostic value of transmembrane glycoprotein (TROP2) for differentiating PTC from other thyroid follicular lesions.

Histology of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer.

Breasts are one of the most common sites of neoplastic lesions in women during pregnancy and lactation. This chapter reviews carcinomas of the breast during pregnancy and lactation while focusing on histologic features, biomarker profiles and some involved molecular pathways. Also, a brief review of previous studies on this field is performed.

Breast Cytology and Pathology in Pregnancy and Lactation.

Breast tissue reveals some physiologic changes during pregnancy and lactation due to hormonal alterations. Whole range of breast diseases including inflammatory, benign and malignant neoplasms can be seen in pregnancy but due to concurrent physiologic changes, may lead to diagnostic challenges. This chapter reviews sampling methods and histologic features of common benign breast lesions in pregnancy and lactation periods.

Pathological Findings of Postmortem Biopsies From Lung, Heart, and Liver of 7 Deceased COVID-19 Patients.

. A novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been affecting almost all nations around the world. Most infected patients who have been admitted to intensive care units show SARS signs.