Plasma transfusions in neonatal intensive care units: a prospective observational study.

Objective: Despite lack of evidence supporting efficacy, prophylactic fresh frozen plasma and Octaplas transfusions may be administered to very preterm infants to reduce bleeding risk. International variation in plasma transfusion practices in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is poorly understood, therefore, we aimed to describe neonatal plasma transfusion practice in Europe.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Improving generalizability of developmental research through increased use of homogeneous convenience samples: A Monte Carlo simulation.

Due to its heavy reliance on convenience samples (CSs), developmental science has a generalizability problem that clouds its broader applicability and frustrates replicability. The surest solution to this problem is to make better use, where feasible, of probability samples, which afford clear generalizability. Because CSs that are homogeneous on one or more sociodemographic factor may afford a clearer generalizability than heterogeneous CSs, the use of homogeneous CSs instead of heterogeneous CSs may also help mitigate this generalizability problem.

Interleukin-1β Drives Disease Progression in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetic form of heart failure that affects 1 in 5000 people globally and is caused by mutations in cardiac desmosomal proteins including , and . Individuals with ACM suffer from ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, and heart failure. There are few effective treatments and heart transplantation remains the best option for many affected individuals.

Ecodevelopmental influences on latent classes of substance use among urban American Indian adolescents.

Unlabelled: The large majority (over 70%) of American Indian adolescents who reside in cities rather than tribal lands or rural areas report relatively earlier onset of substance use and more harmful associated health effects, compared to their non-Native peers.

Objective: This study investigated multilevel ecodevelopmental influences on empirically derived patterns of substance use among urban American Indian adolescents.

Method: Data came from 8th, 10th, and 12th grade American Indian adolescents ( = 2,407) in metropolitan areas of Arizona.

Epstein-Barr virus hijacks B cell metabolism to establish persistent infection and drive pathogenesis.

When B cells engage in an immune response, metabolic reprogramming is key to meeting cellular energetic and biosynthetic demands. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a highly prevalent gamma-herpesvirus, latently infecting B cells for the human host's lifetime. By hijacking signaling pathways of T cell-dependent humoral immunity, EBV activates B cells in a T cell-independent manner, forcing lymphoblastoid transformation.

Effects of a symptom-titrated exercise program on fatigue and quality of life in people with post-COVID condition - a randomized controlled trial.

Fatigue is the most prevalent symptom within the post-COVID condition (PCC). Furthermore, many patients suffer from decreased physical performance capacity and post-exertional malaise. Although exercise has been proposed as an effective therapeutic strategy for PCC, there is limited evidence on individualised and symptom-titrated exercise interventions in patients with fatigue and PEM.

Rare and risky: a unique case of concurrent chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and lemierre syndrome.

Lemierre Syndrome is a condition that appears to have been overlooked in recent decades in clinical practice, often resulting in death or long-lasting sequelae when left undetected and untreated. Typically, it occurs following an upper respiratory tract infection, often stemming from tonsillitis, leading to thrombosis of the internal jugular vein and subsequent multiple septic emboli. Here, we present a case a 46-year-old patient with the clinical presentation of pneumogenic sepsis.

Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells to study non-canonical splicing variants associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent inherited cardiomyopathy and a leading cause of sudden death. Genetic testing and familial cascade screening play a pivotal role in the clinical management of HCM patients. However, conventional genetic tests primarily focus on the detection of exonic and canonical splice site variation.

Rapid identification of antibiotic residues in bovine kidney using coated blade spray-mass spectrometry.

The use of certain antibiotics in food-producing animals is allowed in Europe following Regulation (EU) 2017/625. However, use could result in antibiotic residues in foodstuffs of animal origin. Maximum residue limits (MRLs) are in place to protect consumers.

Celebrating the legacy and work of John Schulenberg: Answering the question "Does adolescence matter?".

Dr. John Schulenberg (1957-2023) was a brilliant and internationally recognized developmental scientist. In equal measure, he was an outstanding, dedicated, and generous mentor.

Red Blood Cell Transfusion in European Neonatal Intensive Care Units, 2022 to 2023.

Importance: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are frequently administered to preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Two randomized clinical trials (Effects of Transfusion Thresholds on Neurocognitive Outcomes of Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Infants [ETTNO] and Transfusion of Prematures [TOP]) found that liberal RBC transfusion thresholds are nonsuperior to restrictive thresholds, but the extent to which these results have been integrated into clinical practice since publication in 2020 is unknown.

Objective: To describe neonatal RBC transfusion practice in Europe.

A Lifecourse Perspective on Singlehood.

A growing number of adults are spending more of their lifetime as single, either because they are taking longer to form unions, are re-entering singlehood after the dissolution of unions, or are avoiding union formation all together. Nevertheless, existing relationship research still generally positions singlehood as something to avoid, limiting our understanding of the rapidly evolving position of singlehood within the lifecourse as well as its implications for health and well-being. Thus, this special issue includes four articles that collectively offer theoretical and empirical inquiries of developmental and historical trends in singlehood and relationship histories, examine the antecedents and consequences of these trends, and explore how they vary based on salient sociodemographic characteristics.

Evaluating the efficacy of endotracheal and intranasal epinephrine administration in severely asphyxic bradycardic newborn lambs: a randomised preclinical study.

Objective: Intravenous epinephrine administration is preferred during neonatal resuscitation, but may not always be rapidly administered due to lack of equipment or trained staff. We aimed to compare the time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and post-ROSC haemodynamics between intravenous, endotracheal (ET) and intranasal (IN) epinephrine in severely asphyxic, bradycardic newborn lambs.

Methods: After instrumentation, severe asphyxia (heart rate <60 bpm, blood pressure ~10 mm Hg) was induced by clamping the cord in near-term lambs.

Orders of Magnitude Improved Cyclotron-Mode Cooling for Nondestructive Spin Quantum Transition Spectroscopy with Single Trapped Antiprotons.

We demonstrate efficient subthermal cooling of the modified cyclotron mode of a single trapped antiproton and reach particle temperatures T_{+}=E_{+}/k_{B} below 200 mK in preparation times shorter than 500 s. This corresponds to the fastest resistive single-particle cyclotron cooling to subthermal temperatures ever demonstrated. By cooling trapped particles to such low energies, we demonstrate the detection of antiproton spin transitions with an error rate <0.

Dismissing the idea that basketball is a "contactless" sport: quantifying contacts during professional gameplay.

Introduction: Basketball, introduced by Naismith as a contactless and indoor alternative to sports such as American football, now frequently involves physical contact among players, challenging the traditional notion. Up to date, a thorough understanding of these contacts and their implications remains limited. This study aims to analyze player contacts, embedding it within overall load monitoring to optimize performance and reduce injury risk.

Examining the mediating and moderating roles of social marketing behavioural enhancers regarding consistent condom use.

Since their importance was highlighted by Ayikwa and De Jager, social marketing behavioural enhancers (SMBEs) have been investigated in terms of their causal and correlational relationships with the intention to use condoms (IUC) and consistent condom use (CCU), as people often fail to act on their intentions. However, scrutiny of their mediating and moderating roles could provide insights pertinent to the design of effective HIV and AIDS preventative programmes. This study examined whether perceived behavioural control (PBC) and IUC interact with exposure to HIV and AIDS information (EI), ease of access to condoms (EAC) and level of related knowledge (KN) in determining CCU.

Image-Current Mediated Sympathetic Laser Cooling of a Single Proton in a Penning Trap Down to 170 mK Axial Temperature.

We demonstrate a new temperature record for image-current mediated sympathetic cooling of a single proton in a cryogenic Penning trap by laser-cooled ^{9}Be^{+}. An axial mode temperature of 170 mK is reached, which is a 15-fold improvement compared to the previous best value. Our cooling technique is applicable to any charged particle, so that the measurements presented here constitute a milestone toward the next generation of high-precision Penning-trap measurements with exotic particles.

Age 19-30 Union Formation Trajectories across the Past 30 Years within the U.S.: Delineating Heterogeneity in Trajectories and its Historical and Sociodemographic Variation.

Using data from Monitoring the FutureStudy that include 31 cohorts of high school seniors (1976 to 2006) who were followed from ages 19-30, weidentified heterogeneity in union formation trajectories andits covariates (cohort, sex, race/ethnicity, and parental education). We identified nine trajectorieswith approximately 40% following a single to married sequence (with variation in the timing of the sequence), about 35% remaining single, and the remaining respondents showing considerable heterogeneity.Recent cohortswere more likely to remain single and experience more transitions, women made earlier transitions, and Blackrespondents were less likely to follow pathways entailing marriage.

Shared effects of electroconvulsive shocks and ketamine on neuroplasticity: A systematic review of animal models of depression.

Electroconvulsive shocks (ECS) and ketamine are antidepressant treatments with a relatively fast onset of therapeutic effects compared to conventional medication and psychotherapy. While the exact neurobiological mechanisms underlying the antidepressant response of ECS and ketamine are unknown, both interventions are associated with neuroplasticity. Restoration of neuroplasticity may be a shared mechanism underlying the antidepressant efficacy of these interventions.

A stepwise transformation: description and outcome of perioperative procedures in patients receiving a total knee arthroplasty.

Aims: To investigate the impact of consecutive perioperative care transitions on in-hospital recovery of patients who had primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) over an 11-year period.

Methods: This observational cohort study used electronic health record data from all patients undergoing preoperative screening for primary TKA at a Northern Netherlands hospital between 2009 and 2020. In this timeframe, three perioperative care transitions were divided into four periods: Baseline care (Joint Care, n = 171; May 2009 to August 2010), Function-tailored (n = 404; September 2010 to October 2013), Fast-track (n = 721; November 2013 to May 2018), and Prehabilitation (n = 601; June 2018 to December 2020).

Reasons for alcohol use from 1976 to 2020 in the United States among individuals aged 18 to 30: Historical changes and mediation of cohort effects in binge drinking.

Background: Alcohol use is declining among US adolescents/early young adults and increasing among other adults, with increases in adult binge drinking more concentrated in females than males. Reasons for drinking are historically patterned by age and sex, and if historically variant, could suggest that changes over time could in part explain age- and sex-differential cohort effects.

Methods: We analyzed longitudinal Monitoring the Future data for individuals born from 1958 to 1990.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from an individual with early onset and severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy linked to MYBPC3: c.772G > A mutation.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is frequently caused by mutations in the MYPBC3 gene, which encodes the cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C). Most pathogenic variants in MYPBC3 are either nonsense mutations or result in frameshifts, suggesting that the primary disease mechanism involves reduced functional cMyBP-C protein levels within sarcomeres. However, a subset of MYPBC3 variants are missense mutations, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their pathogenicity remain elusive.