Intracavitary ultrasound impairs left ventricular performance: presumed role of endocardial endothelium.

Irradiation of isolated cardiac muscle by high-power, high-frequency, continuous wave ultrasound selectively damages endocardial endothelium (EE). We evaluated this ultrasound effect in vivo on the performance of the intact ejecting canine left ventricle (LV). A cylindrical ultrasound probe (0.

Infrarenal aortic occlusion in the rabbit to assess the effect of flunarizine in the prevention of ischemic spinal cord injury.

Infrarenal aortic occlusion in rabbits to produce paraplegia is possible in large series and can be achieved without any side-effects of anesthetic drugs. This model was tested for its suitability to investigate the use of calcium-channel blockers, which potentially reduce or prevent ischemic spinal cord damage. In a pilot study 26 rabbits were treated with 0.

Effects of ketanserin, a 5-HT2-receptor antagonist, on the blood flow response to temperature changes in the diabetic foot.

We studied the effect of ketanserin, a relatively specific antagonist for 5-hydroxytryptamine2-serotonergic receptors, on the total blood flow to the foot of patients with diabetes using a computerized pulse volume plethysmograph and a temperature controlled foot chamber. Ketanserin was administered intravenously as a bolus of 10 mg over four minutes followed by a constant infusion at the rate of 5 mg/hr. Saline infusion served as a control in each subject.

Inhibition of cold-induced vasoconstriction with ketanserin.

The role of serotonin, thromboxane A2, and prostacyclin in cold-stimulated vasoconstriction was studied in 11 volunteers randomly pretreated with placebo, antagonists to serotonin (ketanserin, 40 mg), cyclooxygenase (ibuprofen, 800 mg), or thromboxane synthetase (ketoconazole, 400 mg). With an ambient temperature of 27 degrees, the hand and distal arm of one side were immersed in iced slush for 2 min. At the end of this time there was a fall in skin temperature from 31.

Treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon with ketanserin, a selective antagonist of the serotonin2 (5-HT2) receptor.

Ketanserin, a selective antagonist of the 5-HT2 receptor, was evaluated in a 4-week open pilot trial of 30 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Moderate or marked relief was reported in 15 of 18 (83%) patients with systemic sclerosis, whereas only 4 of 12 (33%) patients with Raynaud's phenomenon of other etiology received such benefit (P less than 0.01).

Haemorheological effects of ketanserin, a selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, in aged, spontaneously hypertensive dogs.

The intravenous injection of ketanserin (0.63-0.31-0.

Plethysmographic registration of volume changes in a hand vein. Effects of serotonin and of a specific antagonist.

The influence of serotonin on a selected dorsal hand vein can be evaluated by changes in tangential wall tension, volume, and pressure. A plethysmographic method has been used to record the changes in venous capacitance at constant pressure after IV injection of small doses of serotonin. R 41 468, a specific serotonin antagonist, has been given orally (10, 20, or 40 mg) or intravenously (2.

Thalamonal, droperidol and fentanyl in induced hypovolaemic shock in the conscious dog.

Previous studies had shown that Thalamonal exerts a protective activity against hypovolaemic shock in experimental animals as well as in patients. The purpose of the present study was to make a long-term evaluation of the value of single doses of Thalamonal fentanyl and droperidol as shock-protecting agents in conscious dogs which received no replacement of blood loss. The study was conducted in 20 animals in which devices were implanted for measuring heart rate, arterial and venous blood pressure, left ventricular and left atrial blood pressure.

Intermittent claudication: a controlled study in parallel time of the short-term and long-term effects of cinnarizine.

In a group of 45 patients with mild to moderately severe claudication studied over the same 4-month period, cinnarizine administration (75 mg 3-times daily) was associated with a greater than 20% improvement in walking distance in 65% of the patients, who derived significantly more benefit than the 30% of placebo responders. The mean improvement in walking distance was 11% for the placebo group compared to 142% for cinnarizine-treated patients. An open 12-month follow-up showed that improvements in walking distance with cinnarizine were maintained in all 12 patients, whereas in the 10 control patients only 10% reported improvement.

Arterial blood pressure and heart rate changes during self-stimulation by dogs in the basal forebrain region, lateral preoptic area, hypothalamus, ventral midbrain and amygdala.

In dogs pressing a lever for a brain-stimulation reward, arterial blood pressure (ABP) was elevated for 20 out of 24 sites tested, but this effect was usually conspicuous only at twice the threshold current sustaining stable performance. Hypertension was seen only in one ventral tegmental and two hypothalamic sites. In three anterior placements the ABP and heart rate (HR) increased more upon a fixed ratio than on continuous reinforcement.

The effect of domperidone on pyloric activity in dog and in man.

In a study in dogs using ultrasonic transducers to measure degree of pyloric dilatation, it was found that i.v. domperidone (0.

Domperidone, a novel and safe gastrokinetic anti-nauseant for the treatment of dyspepsia and vomiting.

The new potent anti-nauseant 5-chloro-1-(1p[3-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)-propyl]-4-piperidinyl)-1.3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one (domperidone), which in contrast to available anti-emetics does not provoke extrapyramidal or adrenolytic adverse effects, also enhances gastric emptying motility. Controlled clinical trials have confirmed its prokinetic effects on the stomach and its lack of side-effects, even at high doses.

An improved animal model for studying the effect of drugs on myocardial metabolism during ischemia.

An improved dog model to study the effect of drugs on myocardial metabolism during ischemia is described. A reproducible degree of ischemia could be obtained by partial occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD), using an inflatable cuff with a micrometer. The possibility of inducing the stenosis twice in the same animal has the advantage that the animal can be used as its own control.

The radioactive microsphere method for the assessment of regional myocardial blood flow after coronary artery occlusion. Inaccuracies due to variations in the diameter distribution of the spheres.

In this study, we have tried to determine the magnitude of the inaccuracy of the radioactive microsphere method - due to variations in the diameter distribution of the spheres - for measuring regional myocardial blood flow after coronary artery occlusion. In 5 mongrel dogs, three types of 15 mum microspheres, labelled with 125I, 141Ce or 85Sr, were injected simultaneously after the descending branch of the left coronary artery had been ligated. Myocardial samples wert taken from the left ventricle and divided into four groups according to the number of spheres per sample.