Correction: Tasci et al. RadWise: A Rank-Based Hybrid Feature Weighting and Selection Method for Proteomic Categorization of Chemoirradiation in Patients with Glioblastoma. 2023, , 2672.

In the original publication [...

Serum CD133-Associated Proteins Identified by Machine Learning Are Connected to Neural Development, Cancer Pathways, and 12-Month Survival in Glioblastoma.

Glioma is the most prevalent type of primary central nervous system cancer, while glioblastoma (GBM) is its most aggressive variant, with a median survival of only 15 months when treated with maximal surgical resection followed by chemoradiation therapy (CRT). CD133 is a potentially significant GBM biomarker. However, current clinical biomarker studies rely on invasive tissue samples.

Diagnosing Progression in Glioblastoma-Tackling a Neuro-Oncology Problem Using Artificial-Intelligence-Derived Volumetric Change over Time on Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Examine Progression-Free Survival in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and the most common primary brain tumor, defined by nearly uniform rapid progression despite the current standard of care involving maximal surgical resection followed by radiation therapy (RT) and temozolomide (TMZ) or concurrent chemoirradiation (CRT), with an overall survival (OS) of less than 30% at 2 years. The diagnosis of tumor progression in the clinic is based on clinical assessment and the interpretation of MRI of the brain using Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria, which suffers from several limitations including a paucity of precise measures of progression. Given that imaging is the primary modality that generates the most quantitative data capable of capturing change over time in the standard of care for GBM, this renders it pivotal in optimizing and advancing response criteria, particularly given the lack of biomarkers in this space.

MGMT ProFWise: Unlocking a New Application for Combined Feature Selection and the Rank-Based Weighting Method to Link MGMT Methylation Status to Serum Protein Expression in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal brain tumor with limited treatment options. O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status is the central molecular biomarker linked to both the response to temozolomide, the standard chemotherapy drug employed for GBM, and to patient survival. However, MGMT status is captured on tumor tissue which, given the difficulty in acquisition, limits the use of this molecular feature for treatment monitoring.

Identifying patients suitable for targeted adjuvant therapy: advances in the field of developing biomarkers for tumor recurrence following irradiation.

Introduction: Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used to treat cancer in conjunction with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Despite the effectiveness of RT, tumor recurrence due to treatment resistance still lead to treatment failure. RT-specific biomarkers are currently lacking and remain challenging to investigate with existing data since, for many common malignancies, standard of care (SOC) paradigms involve the administration of RT in conjunction with other agents.

GradWise: A Novel Application of a Rank-Based Weighted Hybrid Filter and Embedded Feature Selection Method for Glioma Grading with Clinical and Molecular Characteristics.

Glioma grading plays a pivotal role in guiding treatment decisions, predicting patient outcomes, facilitating clinical trial participation and research, and tailoring treatment strategies. Current glioma grading in the clinic is based on tissue acquired at the time of resection, with tumor aggressiveness assessed from tumor morphology and molecular features. The increased emphasis on molecular characteristics as a guide for management and prognosis estimation underscores is driven by the need for accurate and standardized grading systems that integrate molecular and clinical information in the grading process and carry the expectation of the exposure of molecular markers that go beyond prognosis to increase understanding of tumor biology as a means of identifying druggable targets.

An Overview of CD133 as a Functional Unit of Prognosis and Treatment Resistance in Glioblastoma.

Biomarkers for resistance in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are lacking, and progress in the clinic has been slow to arrive. CD133 (prominin-1) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein on the surface of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that has been associated with poor prognosis, therapy resistance, and tumor recurrence in GBM. Due to its connection to CSCs, to which tumor resistance and recurrence have been partially attributed in GBM, there is a growing field of research revolving around the potential role of CD133 in each of these processes.

RadWise: A Rank-Based Hybrid Feature Weighting and Selection Method for Proteomic Categorization of Chemoirradiation in Patients with Glioblastoma.

Glioblastomas (GBM) are rapidly growing, aggressive, nearly uniformly fatal, and the most common primary type of brain cancer. They exhibit significant heterogeneity and resistance to treatment, limiting the ability to analyze dynamic biological behavior that drives response and resistance, which are central to advancing outcomes in glioblastoma. Analysis of the proteome aimed at signal change over time provides a potential opportunity for non-invasive classification and examination of the response to treatment by identifying protein biomarkers associated with interventions.

Cost Matrix of Molecular Pathology in Glioma-Towards AI-Driven Rational Molecular Testing and Precision Care for the Future.

Gliomas are the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors. Gliomas carry a poor prognosis because of the tumor's resistance to radiation and chemotherapy leading to nearly universal recurrence. Recent advances in large-scale genomic research have allowed for the development of more targeted therapies to treat glioma.

A Case of Cushing's Syndrome due to Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Secretion from Esthesioneuroblastoma with Long Term Follow-Up after Resection.

We present a case of a 52-year-old male who developed Cushing's Syndrome due to ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) secretion from a large esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) of the nasal sinuses. The patient initially presented with polyuria, polydipsia, weakness, and confusion. Computed tomography scan of the head and magnetic resonance imaging showed a 7 cm skull base mass centered in the right cribriform plate without sella involvement.

Socioeconomic Status and Care Metrics for Women Diagnosed With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Appropriate management of hyperglycemia can significantly attenuate perinatal risks associated with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This article reports on a study evaluating the independent associations of maternal income and education with select measures of GDM management. This exploratory study demonstrates notable socioeconomic differences in select measures of GDM management.

Variation in the relationship between gestational diabetes diagnosis and total gestational weight gain by race/ethnicity.

Prior research suggests that women diagnosed and treated for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) gain less total gestational weight than normoglycemic women. Our study finds that race/ethnicity modifies this association. Relative to normoglycemic women, non-Hispanic white women with GDM gain less weight but non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women gain more weight.

Disparities in postpartum follow-up in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

In Brief Postpartum follow-up for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is essential to manage future disease risk. In a diverse, urban population of GDM patients at a major medical center, high fasting glucose, high BMI at diagnosis, and low education level were associated with not following up in the endocrinology clinic after delivery; patients least likely to follow up are, therefore, also at greatest risk of GDM complications. Although race/ethnicity was not a significant predictor of follow-up, Hispanic/Latina and African-American patients were more likely to have risk factors for postpartum clinical attrition.

Inpatient management of women with gestational and pregestational diabetes in pregnancy.

For women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and gestational diabetes (GDM), poor maternal glycemic control can significantly increase maternal and fetal risk for adverse outcomes. Outpatient medical and nutrition therapy is recommended for all women with diabetes in order to facilitate euglycemia during the antepartum period. Despite intensive outpatient therapy, women with diabetes often require inpatient diabetes management prior to delivery as maternal hyperglycemia can significantly increase neonatal risk of hypoglycemia.

Second-generation antipsychotic use in schizophrenia and associated weight gain: a critical review and meta-analysis of behavioral and pharmacologic treatments.

Background: Weight gain in schizophrenia, particularly secondary to second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) use, is a common adverse effect and often is associated with significant physical and psychological morbidity.

Methods: We performed a critical literature review of all controlled clinical trials for pharmacologic and/or behavioral management of SGA-induced weight gain in schizophrenia patients by searching PubMed and Google Scholar. A meta-analysis was performed to estimate and compare weight changes for various medications and behavioral interventions.

Predicting posttransplantation diabetes mellitus by regulatory T-cell phenotype: implications for metabolic intervention to modulate alloreactivity.

Chronic inflammation and decreased frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in visceral adipose tissue contribute to the propagation of insulin resistance to diabetes mellitus. We tested the hypothesis that new-onset posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is associated with measurable changes in Treg subsets after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). PTDM before day 100 and Treg phenotype at engraftment were determined in 36 HSCT recipients without preceding history of diabetes mellitus.

Endocrine complications in long-term survivors after allogeneic stem cell transplant.

As survival rates continue to increase after allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT), the associated long-term complications of transplant need to be taken into consideration. Here, we review the endocrine and metabolic complications associated with transplant survivors, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hypogonadism, vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis, thyroid disease, adrenal dysfunction, and pituitary disorders, and provide a brief summary of evaluation and treatment of these conditions.

Clinical markers implying the need for treatment in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To assess the association of the point-of-care hemoglobin A1c (POC A1C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and BMI with fetal macrosomia and the need for medication in women with gestational diabetes (GDM).

Methods: POC A1C, FBG, and BMI values at GDM diagnosis and fetal weight at delivery were obtained for women identified from a prospective patient registry. These outcomes were compared between women who did not require medication for GDM and women who did require medication.

Thyroid abnormalities in patients treated with lenalidomide for hematological malignancies: results of a retrospective case review.

Lenalidomide is an antiangiogenic drug associated with hypothyroidism. We describe a case-series of lenalidomide use in hematological cancers and the prevalence of thyroid abnormalities. We reviewed medical records of patients treated with lenalidomide at a single center form 2005 to 2010 and extracted demographic, clinical, and laboratory data.

How I treat late effects in adults after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

More than 25,000 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (allo-HCTs) are expected to be performed worldwide in 2010, a number that has been increasing yearly. With broadening indications, more options for allo-HCT, and improvement in survival, by 2020 there may be up to half a million long-term survivors after allo-HCT worldwide. These patients have increased risks for various late complications, which can cause morbidity and mortality.

Pretransplantation C-Peptide level predicts early posttransplantation diabetes mellitus and has an impact on survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a frequent complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), important for its negative impact on cardiovascular health. Risk factors for PTDM are not well defined. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the risk factors and incidence for PTDM in the first 100 days after allo-SCT.

Diabetes mellitus after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective: To review the current literature on posttransplant diabetes mellitus after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including its epidemiologic features, transplant-related risk factors, and treatment.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles on diabetes mellitus after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and effects of immunosuppressants on glucose metabolism.

Results: Within 2 years after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, up to 30% of patients may have diabetes.

Gestational diabetes mellitus resulting from impaired beta-cell compensation in the absence of FoxM1, a novel downstream effector of placental lactogen.

Objective: The objectives of the study were to determine whether the cell cycle transcription factor, FoxM1, is required for glucose homeostasis and beta-cell mass expansion in maternal islets during pregnancy and whether FoxM1 is essential for placental lactogen (PL)-induced beta-cell proliferation.

Research Design And Methods: beta-Cell mass, beta-cell proliferation, and glucose homeostasis were assessed in virgin, pregnant, and postpartum mice with a pancreas-wide Foxm1 deletion (FoxM1(Deltapanc)). Wild-type islets were cultured with or without PL and examined for Foxm1 induction.

Diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas of hypercortisolemia during pregnancy: a case report.

Pregnancy and Cushing's syndrome rarely coexist. When they do, it is generally the result of the presence of an adrenal adenoma. Because of significantly increased morbidity and mortality in both the mother and fetus when hypercortisolism is present, it is imperative that it be treated when recognized.