Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of reaction products of Chemical Weapons Convention-related 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethylchlorides with 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethanols.

Rationale: The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) mandates rigorous screening of chemical weapons and their potential degradation/reaction products, which is essential to identify such products in suspected samples. The reaction between 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethylchlorides and 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethanols (precursors/degradation products of VX agents) produces a new class of reaction products that are not explored.

Methods: The reaction products, bis(2-N,N-dialkylaminoethyl)ethers (1-10), were synthesized using established synthetic procedures, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) (electron ionization [EI] and chemical ionization [CI]) methods were developed for their identification.

Development of 2-chloroquinoline based heterocyclic frameworks as dual inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 M and PL.

Evolution of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 warrant the need for the continued efforts in identifying target-oriented new drugs. Dual targeting agents against M and PL not only overcome the incomplete efficacy but also the drug resistance, which is common problem. Since both these are cysteine proteases, we designed 2-chloroquinoline based molecules with additional imine moiety in the middle as possible nucleophilic warheads.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Gymnema Sylvestre extract rescue acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats via modulating the NF-κB/MAPK pathway.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the major causes of mortality in COVID-19 patients, due to limited therapeutic options. This prompted us to explore natural sources to mitigate this condition. Gymnema Sylvestre (GS) is an ancient medicinal plant known to have various therapeutic effects.

Alterations in the pH of pancreatic juice are associated with chymotrypsin C inactivation and lithostathine precipitation in chronic pancreatitis patients: a proteomic approach.

Background: The progression of chronic pancreatitis (CP), an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, causes pancreatic stones to form within the pancreatic ductal lumen/parenchyma, which occurs via protein plug formation. Pain is the most common symptom that necessitates clinical attention, and pain relief is the therapeutic goal for these patients. Endoscopic therapy and surgery are complimentary forms of therapy for pain relief.

Exo-selective intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction by PyrI4 and AbnU on non-natural substrates.

The 100-year-old Diels-Alder reaction (DAr) is an atom economic and elegant organic chemistry transformation combining a 1,3-diene and a dienophile in a [4+2] cycloaddition leading to a set of products with several stereo centres and multiple stereoisomers. Stereoselective [4+2] cycloaddition is a challenge. Here, we describe two natural enzymes, PyrI4 and AbnU performing stereospecific intermolecular DAr on non-natural substrates.

2-Cyano-3-(2-thienyl)acrylic Acid as a New MALDI Matrix for the Analysis of a Broad Spectrum of Analytes.

A low-cost synthetic 2-cyano-3-(2-thienyl)acrylic acid (CTA) is developed as a new MALDI matrix for the analysis of various classes of compounds such as lipids (e.g., fatty acids), peptides, proteins, saccharides, natural products (i.

Identification and characterization of degradation products of indacaterol using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Indacaterol (IND), 5-[2-[(5,6-Diethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)amino]-1-hydroxyethyl]-8-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one, is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) which is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We followed the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guide lines to study the degradation behavior of IND under various stress conditions. Stressed degradation of the drug was performed under hydrolytic (alkaline, acidic and neutral), photolytic, oxidative and thermal conditions.

Leishmania donovani molecules recognized by sera of filaria infected host facilitate filarial infection.

We earlier found that F6 fraction of human filaria Brugia malayi cross-reacted with sera of Leishmania donovani infected hamsters and immunization with F6 inhibited both filarial and leishmanial infections. In the present study, we identified a 52.9-93.

Characterization of degradation products of macitentan under various stress conditions using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Stress testing of a drug candidate is an important step in the drug discovery and development process. The presence of degradation products in a drug affects the quality as well as the safety and efficacy of drug formulation. Hence, it is essential to develop an efficient analytical method which could be useful for the separation, identification and characterization of all possible degradation products (DPs) of a drug.

Identification of stress degradation products of iloperidone using liquid chromatography coupled with an Orbitrap mass spectrometer.

Rationale: Iloperidone (ILOP) is an atypical antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders. Comprehensive stress testing of the ILOP drug was carried out as per ICH guidelines to understand its degradation profile. The presence of degradation products in a drug affects not only the quality, but also the safety and efficacy of drug formulation.

A facile approach to the isolation of proteins in Ferula asafoetida and their enzyme stabilizing, anti-microbial and anti-oxidant activity.

The objective of the present study was to identify the proteome pattern, isolate and study the functions of selective proteins from Ferula asafoetida root exudate using chromatographic techniques. The root exudate proteins were fractionated using ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. A range of bioactive protein fractions were then separated in sufficient quantity which is the focus of this study.

Proteomic discovery of MNT as a novel interacting partner of E3 ubiquitin ligase E6AP and a key mediator of myeloid differentiation.

Perturbed stability of regulatory proteins is a major cause of transformations leading to cancer, including several leukemia subtypes. Here, for the first time we demonstrate that E6-associated protein (E6AP), an E3 ubiquitin ligase negatively targets MAX binding protein MNT for ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation and impedes ATRA mediated myeloid cell differentiation. MNT is a member of the Myc/Max/Mad network of transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, cellular transformation and tumorigenesis.

Protection against filarial infection by 45-49 kDa molecules of Brugia malayi via IFN-γ-mediated iNOS induction.

Nitric oxide (NO) mediated mechanisms have been implicated in killing of some life-stages of Brugia malayi/Wuchereria bancrofti and protect the host through type 1 responses and IFN-γ stimulated toxic mediators' release. However, the identity of NO stimulating molecules of the parasites is not known. Three predominantly NO-stimulating SDS-PAGE resolved fractions F8 (45.