SARS-CoV-2 shedding sources in wastewater and implications for wastewater-based epidemiology.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) approach for COVID-19 surveillance is largely based on the assumption of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding into sewers by infected individuals. Recent studies found that SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in wastewater (C) could not be accounted by the fecal shedding alone. This study aimed to determine potential major shedding sources based on literature data of C, along with the COVID-19 prevalence in the catchment area through a systematic literature review.

Data-driven estimation of COVID-19 community prevalence through wastewater-based epidemiology.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been regarded as a potential tool for the prevalence estimation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the community. However, the application of the conventional back-estimation approach is currently limited due to the methodological challenges and various uncertainties. This study systematically performed meta-analysis for WBE datasets and investigated the use of data-driven models for the COVID-19 community prevalence in lieu of the conventional WBE back-estimation approach.

Co-digestion of primary sewage sludge with drinking water treatment sludge: A comprehensive evaluation of benefits.

Anaerobic co-digestion of primary sludge with two types of drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS), namely iron- or aluminum-rich DWTS (Fe- or Al-DWTS) were systematically evaluated by biochemical methane potential tests, kinetic modelling, downstream process parameters and microbial community analysis. Specific methane yields decreased approximately 19% to 123 mL·g VS, while the hydrolysis constant k decreased from 0.21 d to 0.

Enhanced anaerobic digestion of primary sludge with additives: Performance and mechanisms.

Anaerobic digestion of primary sludge with different additives, namely nano magnetite, graphite powder, activated carbon powder and NiCl/CoCl were evaluated by biomethane potential tests, kinetics modelling and microbial community analysis. Specific methane yields increased from 136 mL/g VS for primary sludge to 146 mL/g VS, 151 mL/g VS, and 152 mL/g VS for the addition of nano magnetite, graphite powder, and activated carbon powder at optimal dosages, respectively. The first order hydrolysis constant k increased from 0.

Rebar corrosion and its interaction with concrete degradation in reinforced concrete sewers.

Concrete corrosion, as a major issue in sewer management, has attracted considerable research. In comparison, the corrosion of reinforcing steel bar (rebar) is not well understood. Particularly, fundamental knowledge of rebar corrosion and its interactions with concrete corrosion/cracking is largely lacking.

Assessing the removal of organic micropollutants from wastewater by discharging drinking water sludge to sewers.

Discharging drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) to sewers could be an efficient waste management strategy with the potential to replace chemical dosing for pollutant control. This study for the first time investigated the fate of 28 different organic micropollutants (MPs) due to the dosing of iron-rich and aluminum-rich DWTS in a pilot rising main sewer. Nine MPs had an initial rapid removal within 1-hr (i.

Revealing the variations in physicochemical, morphological, fractal, and rheological properties of digestate during the mesophilic anaerobic digestion of iron-rich waste activated sludge.

Dosing of iron (Fe)-salts in sewers to control odour and corrosion problems have proven to be effective on phosphate and sulfide removal in downstream treatment units. However, the interaction of Fe with sludge may impact the sludge properties during wastewater treatment and sludge digestion. Herein, we investigated the downstream impacts of sewer-dosed Fe-salt on key digestate properties including digestate dewaterability.

Full-scale investigation of ferrous dosing in sewers and a wastewater treatment plant for multiple benefits.

This study demonstrates the full scale application of iron dosing in a metropolitan wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and the upstream sewer system for multiple benefits. Two different dosing locations, i.e.

Effects of in-sewer dosing of iron-rich drinking water sludge on wastewater collection and treatment systems.

The use of coagulants and flocculants in the water and wastewater industry is predicted to increase further in the coming years. Alum is the most widely used coagulant, however, the use of ferric chloride (FeCl) is gaining popularity. Drinking water production that uses FeCl as coagulant produces waste sludge rich in iron.

Opportunities for reducing coagulants usage in urban water management: The Oxley Creek Sewage Collection and Treatment System as an example.

Iron and aluminium based coagulants are used in enormous amounts and play an essential role in urban water management globally. They are dosed at drinking water production facilities for the removal of natural organic matter. Iron salts are also dosed to sewers for corrosion and odour control, and at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for phosphate removal from wastewater and hydrogen sulfide removal from biogas.

Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Illicit Drugs from Wastewater Due to Ferric Dosing in Sewers.

Ferric (Fe) salt dosing is an efficient sulfide control strategy in the sewer network, with potential for multiple benefits including phosphorus removal in the biological reactors and sulfide emission control in the anaerobic digesters of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This paper extends the knowledge on the benefit of iron dosing by exploring its impact on the fate of organic micropollutants (MPs) in the wastewater using sewer reactors simulating a rising main sewer pipe. The sulfide produced by the sewer biofilms reacted with Fe forming black colored iron sulfide (FeS).