Impact of apigenin and seashell nano-additives on the antifungal and roughness behavior of a soft denture liner.

Fungal colonization of the soft denture liner is the first step in the development of denture-induced stomatitis. The study aims to assess apigenin and seashell nano-additives for their antifungal efficacy and their impact on the surface roughness of a soft denture liner. The study was accomplished in the Colleges of Dentistry in Duhok, Mosul and Hawler Medical Universities.

Imaging Features of Gastrointestinal Neoplasms Complicating Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Patients with IBD, besides other non-neoplastic complications, are also at increased risk of GI malignancies such as colorectal cancer, small bowel adenocarcinoma and lymphoma. The principal purpose of imaging in patients with IBD to assess complications and to stage a clinically known cancer.

Protocol for the development and multisite validation of the Quality of Dying and Death-Revised Global Version scale.

Introduction: Evaluating the quality of dying and death is essential to ensure high-quality end-of-life care. The Quality of Dying and Death (QODD) scale is the best-validated measure of the construct, but many items are not relevant to participants, particularly in low-resource settings. The aim of this multisite cross-sectional study is to develop and validate the QODD-Revised Global Version (QODD-RGV), to enhance ease of completion and relevance in higher-resource and lower-resource settings.

A rare presentation of hypovolemic shock secondary to Whipple's disease.

Whipple's disease is a rare, multisystem infection caused by the Gram-positive Tropheryma whippelii organism. In addition to neurological and rheumatological manifestations, this disease can result in significant gastrointestinal symptoms such as malabsorption, diarrhea, and weight loss. Given the diagnostic challenge and rare occurrence, a high index of suspicion is critical to prevent morbidity and mortality from this otherwise highly infectious disease transmitted via the fecal-oral route.

Comprehensive Imaging and Surgical Review of Urinary Diversions: What the Radiologist Needs to Know.

Urinary diversions are surgical procedures that reconstruct the lower urinary tract following cystectomy. The 2 common surgical approaches are based on the continence status of the urinary tract. Incontinent diversions have continuous urine drainage through a cutaneous stoma, whereas continent diversions offer the patient the ability to self-void either via stoma catheterization or with the patient's own urethra.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Assessment of Uninvestigated Esophageal Dysphagia.

Background And Aims: Our aim is to review the literature and provide guidelines for the assessment of uninvestigated dysphagia.

Methods: A systematic literature search identified studies on dysphagia. The quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were rated according to the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Dietary Intake of the Urban Black Population of Cape Town: The Cardiovascular Risk in Black South Africans (CRIBSA) Study.

Introduction: To determine dietary intake of 19 to 64 years old urban Africans in Cape Town in 2009 and examine the changes between 1990 and 2009.

Methods: A representative cross-sectional sample (n = 544), stratified by gender and age was randomly selected in 2009 from the same areas sampled in 1990. Socio-demographic data and a 24-h dietary recall were obtained by trained field workers.

Online self-study of chest X-rays shows no difference between blocked and mixed practice.

Context: Chest radiograph interpretation is a complex skill and learners may benefit from deliberate instructional design modalities, such as mixed practice. Proposed benefits of mixed over blocked practice include the elimination of cueing and the highlighting of contrasting features. However, current evidence for the superiority of mixed practice is conflicting.

Fluoroscopic evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia: anatomic, technical, and common etiologic factors.

Objective: The purposes of this article are to review the anatomy of the upper gastrointestinal tract; review techniques and contrast agents used in the fluoroscopic examination of the oropharynx and hypopharynx; provide a pictorial review of some important causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia; and link these causes to key findings in the clinical history to assist in establishing a clinical diagnosis.

Conclusion: Many important causes and presentations of oropharyngeal dysphagia are sometimes overlooked during conventional upper gastrointestinal studies. Videofluoroscopic evaluation for assessment of both structural abnormalities and motility disorders of the oropharynx by use of various compositions of barium contrast medium is the standard of practice.

Guide to surgical procedures on hollow viscera: part 2--Colorectal, ostomy, and malabsorptive bariatric procedures.

Objective: The objective of this article is to explore with a surgical perspective the key radiologic features of common bariatric, colorectal, and ostomy procedures. The images and diagrams show relevant postoperative anatomy.

Conclusion: An understanding of procedures on the hollow viscera is essential for a radiologist at any level.

Guide to surgical procedures on hollow viscera: part 1--Esophageal, gastric, and restrictive bariatric procedures.

Objective: The objective of this article is to explore with a surgical perspective the key radiologic features after common esophageal, gastric, and bariatric procedures.

Conclusion: An understanding of procedures on the hollow viscera is essential for radiologists at any level. The ability to quickly recognize postoperative anatomy is critical to accurately and efficiently interpret routine imaging studies and to diagnose postoperative complications.

Pictorial essay: the value of rectal water in the assessment of rectosigmoid pathology.

The rectosigmoid region is a common location for the development of both malignant and benign diseases of the large bowel in adults. In many cases, rectal water provides an ideal contrast agent in the evaluation of rectosigmoid pathology. It allows optimal visualization of the mural layers and pericolic fat, as well as superior detection of flat or small sessile mural-based intralumenal filling defects.

Pakistani urban population demonstrates a poor knowledge about cancers: a pilot survey.

Background: This cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the perceptions and level of knowledge of a Pakistani urban population regarding presentations, risk factors, and screening of cancers.

Methods: From 4 tertiary care hospitals, 439 subjects were recruited through convenient sampling method and interviewed using a standard questionnaire.

Results: More than 90% of subjects demonstrated poor knowledge.

Asthma Knowledge among Asthmatic School Students.

Objectives: Bronchial asthma is a common and life threatening problem affecting school children and adolescents. The flare-up of asthma may lead to impaired daily function and absence from school. These complications of bronchial asthma could be influenced by poor knowledge, poor use of inhaler technique, non-compliance and negative attitude toward the illness and drugs.

Spinal epidural abscess -- a rare complication of inflammatory bowel disease.

Spinal epidural abscess is an uncommon but highly morbid illness. While it usually afflicts older, immunocompromised patients, this condition has been reported as a result of intestinal perforation in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease. Two cases of spinal epidural abscess in patients with inflammatory bowel disease are reported: one in a patient with Crohn's disease and one in a patient with ulcerative colitis after restorative proctocolectomy.

Human papillomavirus subtype 16 is common in Pakistani women with cervical carcinoma.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major causative agent for cervical carcinomas. Based on their oncogenic potential, HPV subtypes have been divided into high- and low-risk. In Pakistan, screening for HPV in female patients is not commonly practiced, and as a consequence, the degree of HPV prevalence and its correlation with cervical cancer is unknown.

Improved Diagnosis and Navigation for CT Colonography.

The goal of this research project is to develop a fast, accurate, and patient-friendly computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) component of CT colonography, that improves the robustness and accuracy of current colon wall segmentation and achieves earlier colorectal cancer diagnoses through an improved polyp detection method. Many advanced image processing techniques are applied to clearly outline the colon wall in the CT data set of human abdomen, and subtract the colon portion from the entire data set. After the subtraction, the detailed information and the surface curvature information on the colon wall is analyzed.

Structure of the Escherichia coli O157:H7 heme oxygenase ChuS in complex with heme and enzymatic inactivation by mutation of the heme coordinating residue His-193.

Heme oxygenases catalyze the oxidation of heme to biliverdin, CO, and free iron. For pathogenic microorganisms, heme uptake and degradation are critical mechanisms for iron acquisition that enable multiplication and survival within hosts they invade. Here we report the first crystal structure of the pathogenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 heme oxygenase ChuS in complex with heme at 1.