Northwest Iranian dermatophyte isolates: anthropophilic and geophilic.

Background And Purposes: The fungi known as dermatophytes are a group of keratinophilic agents responsible for superficial infections in humans and animals. Recognition of the species distribution and epidemiology of dermatophytosis may be helpful in the prevention and improve prophylactic measures. The present molecular epidemiology study sought to investigate the incidence of etiological agents causing dermatophytosis.

Translation, Validity, and Reliability of Depression Literacy Questionnaire in Iranian Young Adults.

Background: Depression literacy has notable advantages in the early identification and treatment of depression. The current study was conducted with the aim of translating and investigating the validity and reliability of the Depression Literacy Questionnaire (D-Lit) in Iranian young adults.

Methods: The current study entailed a descriptive-analytical study in which the translation, validation, and preparation of the Persian version of D-Lit were conducted.

The mediating role of subjective social status in the association between objective socioeconomic status and mental health status: evidence from Iranian national data.

Introduction: Low socioeconomic status (SES) is identified as a pivotal risk factor for mental health. Objective socioeconomic status (OSS) is measured by tangible resources, whereas subjective social status (SSS) reflects an individual's perception of their OSS. A paucity of literature exists that elucidates the specific psychosocial mechanisms or pathways linking OSS with mental illness via SSS.

Estimated versus measured aortic stiffness: implications of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, sex and height.

Background: Aortic stiffness is measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), but it can also be estimated (ePWV) based on age and brachial mean arterial pressure (MAP). However, diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease (DM/CKD) may cause more pronounced damage to the arterial wall, changing the pressure and PWV relationship. Furthermore, sex and height could affect PWV through their relationship to the arterial diameter and path length.

Association between muscle mass and overall survival among colorectal cancer patients at tertiary cancer center in the Middle East.

Recent reports have shown that pre-treatment low muscle mass may lead to poorer outcomes for cancer patients. We explored the correlation between Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT), Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT), and Muscle Mass (MM) as measured by CT scans, and overall survival (OS) following diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We conducted a retrospective review of medical records and CT scans of patients diagnosed with CRC between 2007 and 2018.

A robust deep learning attack immune MRAM-based physical unclonable function.

The ubiquitous presence of electronic devices demands robust hardware security mechanisms to safeguard sensitive information from threats. This paper presents a physical unclonable function (PUF) circuit based on magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM). The circuit utilizes inherent characteristics arising from fabrication variations, specifically magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) cell resistance, to produce corresponding outputs for applied challenges.

Grating Bio-Microelectromechanical Platform Architecture for Multiple Biomarker Detection.

A label-free biosensor based on a tunable MEMS metamaterial structure is proposed in this paper. The adopted structure is a one-dimensional array of metamaterial gratings with movable and fixed fingers. The moving unit of the optical detection system is a component of the MEMS structure, driven by the surface stress effect.

Potentially Avoidable Emergency Department Transfers for Acute Pediatric Respiratory Illness.

Background: Acute pediatric respiratory illness is one of the most common reasons for emergency department (ED) transfer; however, few studies have examined predictors of potentially avoidable ED transfer (PAT) in this subpopulation. This study aimed to characterize patterns and predictors of PATs in children with acute respiratory illness.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 8,402,577 visits for patients ≤17 years from 2018 to 2019 Health Care Utilization Project State ED and Inpatient Datasets from New York, Maryland, Wisconsin, and Florida.

Triage Discordance in an Academic Pediatric Emergency Department and Disparities by Race, Ethnicity, and Language for Care.

Background: Minoritized patients are disproportionately represented in low-acuity emergency department (ED) visits in the United States in part caused by lack of timely access to primary and urgent care. However, there is also the possibility that implicit bias during triage could contribute to disproportionate representation of minority groups in low-acuity ED visits. Triage discordance, defined as when ED resources used are different from initial triage score predictions, can be used as a proxy for triage accuracy.

Mapping the supportive care needs and quality of life of adult survivors of childhood cancer at a comprehensive cancer center in the Middle East.

Assessing unmet needs is crucial to achieving quality care and patient satisfaction. Between September and December 2021, we assessed unmet supportive care needs in a consecutive sample of adult survivors of childhood cancer at KHCC (King Hussien Cancer Center). Two hundred and ninety-seven adult survivors of childhood cancer completed the study questionnaire.

National Characteristics of Emergency Care for Children with Neurologic Complex Chronic Conditions.

Introduction: Most pediatric emergency care occurs in general emergency departments (GED), where less pediatric experience and lower pediatric emergency readiness may compromise care. Medically vulnerable pediatric patients, such as those with chronic, severe, neurologic conditions, are likely to be disproportionately affected by suboptimal care in GEDs; however, little is known about characteristics of their care in either the general or pediatric emergency setting. In this study our objective was to compare the frequency, characteristics, and outcomes of ED visits made by children with chronic neurologic diseases between general and pediatric EDs (PED).

Ultrasensitive detection of vital biomolecules based on a multi-purpose BioMEMS for Point of care testing: digoxin measurement as a case study.

Rapid and label-free detection of very low concentrations of biomarkers in disease diagnosis or therapeutic drug monitoring is essential to prevent disease progression in Point of Care Testing. For this purpose, we propose a multi-purpose optical Bio-Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (BioMEMS) sensing platform which can precisely measure very small changes of biomolecules concentrations in plasma-like buffer samples. This is realized by the development of an interferometric detection method on highly sensitive MEMS transducers (cantilevers).

The effect of pediatric drugs on color stability of bulk-fill and conventional composite resins.

The long-term use of pediatric medications can lead to discoloration of dental restorations, which affects their durability and longevity. The present in vitro study evaluated the effects of commonly used pediatric medications on the color stability of a conventional and a bulk-fill composite resin. For this study, 80 disc-shaped specimens of each composite were prepared in molds with a diameter of 6 mm and thicknesses of 2 or 4 mm (n = 40 per thickness per material).

Vitamin D status as a predictor for liver transplant outcomes.

It is well known that vitamin D plays a pivotal role in immune system modulation; however, its role in liver transplantation (LT) has not yet been well elucidated. This study aimed to assess the association between vitamin D status and LT outcomes. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 335 registered cirrhotic patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) who underwent LT during 2019-2021 and had measurement of serum vitamin D before LT.

Mpox.

Human mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) is a zoonotic disease that causes a smallpox-like infection in humans. The mpox virus, the causative agent of mpox, was first reported to cause human disease in a 9-month-old infant in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1970. Since that time, periodic outbreaks in primarily endemic regions have occurred, typically secondary to transmission from wildlife reservoirs.

Extensive sorption of Amoxicillin by highly efficient carbon-based adsorbent from palm kernel: Artificial neural network modeling.

In the present study, a new sorbent was fabricated from Palm kernel (PK) by dry thermochemical activation with NaOH and characterized by FTIR, X-ray diffraction, FE-SEM and BET, which was used for the Amoxicillin (AMX) sorption from aqueous solution. The influence of effective parameters such as pH, reaction time, adsorbent dosage, AMX concentration and ionic strength on the sorption efficacy of AMX removal were evaluated. The main functional groups on the surface of the magnetic activated carbon of Palm Kernel (MA-PK) were C-C, C-O, C[bond, double bond]O and hydroxyl groups.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression, perceived stress and hypochondria of frontline dental staff (FDS): A cohort study.

Background: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had several mental effects on medical staff.

Objective: This study intended to evaluate deviations in Frontline Dental Staff (FDS) depression, perceived stress and hypochondria during the COVID-19 outbreak, and to assess whether the existence of potential risk-factors influenced these symptoms over time.

Methods: This prospective cohort study surveyed FDS three periods from February 1, 2021 to April 8, 2022.

Fever and Knee Effusion in the Pediatric Patient.

The pediatric patient with fever and knee effusion is always a cause for clinical concern. A thorough history and physical examination is required to guide appropriate diagnostic evaluation and management. Although pediatric knee effusions are common in the setting of trauma, the presence of fever should prompt consideration of infectious, rheumatologic, vasculitic, and malignant etiologies.

Spontaneous Hemothorax during pregnancy: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Spontaneous hemothorax is a rare but life-threatening condition, which is the main cause of respiratory distress during pregnancy and after delivery without any evidence of post-traumatic injury.

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old woman, pregnant at 20 weeks, presented in the emergency department complaining of dyspnea accompanied by epigastric pain, with dominance on the left side. Chest X-ray and CT-scan revealed an opacity by displacing heart to the right side.

Discrete-modulation measurement-device-independent continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a quantum scissor: exact non-Gaussian calculation.

In this paper, we study non-Gaussian discrete-modulated measurement-device-independent continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol equipped with a proposed quantum scissor at the receiver side. Our suggested scissor truncates all multiphoton number states with four or more photons and amplifies remaining photon number states in a probabilistic way. Using exact non-Gaussian calculation, we find that quantum scissor meliorates the fidelity and entanglement between two legitimate parties Alice and Bob, at long distances.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Severity of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presentations in a Tertiary Pediatric Emergency Department.

Unlabelled: More severe presentations of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) have been reported during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, possibly due to avoidance of healthcare settings or reduced access to care. To date, no studies have utilized statistical process control to relate temporal COVID-19 events with DKA severity. Our objectives were (1) to determine whether the severity of pediatric DKA presentations changed during COVID-19 and (2) to temporally relate changes in severity with regional pandemic events.

A label-free biomarkers detection platform relied on a bilayer long-wave infrared metamaterials BioNEMS sensor.

A novel approach based on optical Biological-Nano-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (BioNEMS) sensor is presented in this paper to provide highly sensitive and precise detection of biomolecules. The proposed BioNEMS sensor is relied on a bi-layer metamaterials structure, tuned by its wavelength. The presented biosensor consists of a BioNEMS membrane coated by Complementary Split Ring Resonators and an array of Split Ring Resonators cells on the substrate.