Strategies for the Generation of Gene Modified Avian Models: Advancement in Avian Germline Transmission, Genome Editing, and Applications.

Avian models are valuable for studies of development and reproduction and have important implications for food production. Rapid advances in genome-editing technologies have enabled the establishment of avian species as unique agricultural, industrial, disease-resistant, and pharmaceutical models. The direct introduction of genome-editing tools, such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system, into early embryos has been achieved in various animal taxa.

Novel Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker, Tegoprazan, Protects Against Colitis by Improving Gut Barrier Function.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterized by prolonged inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD can result from gut barrier dysfunction, altered gut microbiota, and abnormal intestinal immunity induced by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as rabeprazole are frequently employed for gastric acid inhibition.

Potassium Channelopathies and Gastrointestinal Ulceration.

Potassium channels and transporters maintain potassium homeostasis and play significant roles in several different biological actions via potassium ion regulation. In previous decades, the key revelations that potassium channels and transporters are involved in the production of gastric acid and the regulation of secretion in the stomach have been recognized. Drugs used to treat peptic ulceration are often potassium transporter inhibitors.

Direct visualization of deep brain stimulation targets in Parkinson disease with the use of 7-tesla magnetic resonance imaging.

Object: A challenge associated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating advanced Parkinson disease (PD) is the direct visualization of brain nuclei, which often involves indirect approximations of stereotactic targets. In the present study, the authors compared T2*-weighted images obtained using 7-T MR imaging with those obtained using 1.5- and 3-T MR imaging to ascertain whether 7-T imaging enables better visualization of targets for DBS in PD.

Altered T2* relaxation time of the hippocampus in major depressive disorder: implications of ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging.

Previous studies with 1.5 T or 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have produced mixed results regarding the structural changes of the hippocampus in major depressive disorder (MDD).

A proposal of new reference system for the standard axial, sagittal, coronal planes of brain based on the serially-sectioned images.

Sectional anatomy of human brain is useful to examine the diseased brain as well as normal brain. However, intracerebral reference points for the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes of brain have not been standardized in anatomical sections or radiological images. We made 2,343 serially-sectioned images of a cadaver head with 0.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the canine brain at 7 T.

The purpose of this study was to describe relevant canine brain structures as seen on T2-weighted images following magnetic resonance (MR) imaging at 7 T and to compare the results with imaging at 1.5 T. Imaging was performed on five healthy laboratory beagle dogs using 1.

Quantitative analysis of the hippocampus using images obtained from 7.0 T MRI.

In-vivo volumetric measurements of hippocampus have proven to be highly informative for studying various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The usefulness of volumetric imaging, however, has been limited due to the poor image resolutions obtained by currently available MRI images. In this study, a new result of volumetric image measurement of the hippocampus using 7.

A proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-32beta promotes the production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10.

A new proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-32 (IL-32) has six isoforms. Although IL-32 can be detected in sera from patients suffering from Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis, it is unclear which isoforms are involved. To this end, we investigated the functions of the most abundant IL-32beta by generating K562-IL-32beta stable cell lines.

Profiling of transcripts and proteins modulated by the E7 oncogene in the lung tissue of E7-Tg mice by the omics approach.

The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of human papilloma virus (HPV) type 16 have been known to cooperatively induce the immortalization and transformation of primary keratinocytes. We established an E7 transgenic mouse model to screen HPV-related biomakers using the omics approach. The methods used to identify HPV-modulated factors were genomics analysis by microarray using the Affymetrix 430 2.

Imaging and analysis of lenticulostriate arteries using 7.0-Tesla magnetic resonance angiography.

The purpose of this study was to analyze human lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) obtained non-invasively by 7.0-T MRI. A three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) technique was used with an investigational 7.

Evaluation of MR angiography at 7.0 Tesla MRI using birdcage radio frequency coils with end caps.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of MR angiography (MRA) at 7.0 Tesla (T) using optimized birdcage (BC) coils with simple end cap configurations. Shielded 16-rung high-pass BC coils were built with identical geometry and compared with different sizes and locations of end caps.

Efficacy of chromoendoscopy with indigocarmine for the detection of ascending colon and cecum lesions.

Objective: Previous data suggest that routine chromoendoscopy may increase detection rates of diminutive or flat lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of chromoendoscopy in the ascending colon and cecum, where the incidence of diminutive or flat lesions is high.

Material And Methods: Between June 2006 and September 2006, a total of 316 consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled in this study.

Functional MR angiography with 7.0 T Is direct observation of arterial response during neural activity possible?

We propose a new type of functional imaging in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a functional MR angiography (fMRA). As it is known, arterial responses during neural activities have been studied in animals, but little is known about the human brain in-vivo. Proposed fMRA at ultra-high field strength, 7.

Observation of the lenticulostriate arteries in the human brain in vivo using 7.0T MR angiography.

Background And Purpose: We sought to examine the feasibility of observing the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) noninvasively by ultrahigh-field MRI with 7.0T.

Methods: We used 3-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography with a radiofrequency coil optimized for 7.

A fusion PET-MRI system with a high-resolution research tomograph-PET and ultra-high field 7.0 T-MRI for the molecular-genetic imaging of the brain.

We have developed a positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion system for the molecular-genetic imaging (MGI) of the in vivo human brain using two high-end imaging devices: the HRRT-PET, a high-resolution research tomograph dedicated to brain imaging on the molecular level, and the 7.0 T-MRI, an ultra-high field version used for morphological imaging. HRRT-PET delivers high-resolution molecular imaging with a resolution down to 2.

Renovation of a drop embryo cultures system by using refined mineral oil and the effect of glucose and/or hemoglobin added to a serum-free medium.

This study was conducted to evaluate whether refining mineral oil and the addition of hemoglobin and/or glucose to a serum-free medium could improve in vitro-development of embryos cultured in a chemically semi-defined microdroplet culture system. Block strain, outbred (ICR) mouse 1- or 2-cell embryos were cultured in 5 microl droplets of Chatot, Ziomek and Bavister medium overlaid with mineral oil of different types, and preimplantation development to the blastocyst stage was subsequently monitored. In the experiment 1, either Sigma (M-8410) or BDH (GPR) mineral oil with or without washing was used for embryo culture and, distilled water (DW) or culture medium was used as a washing agent.

Pain dynamics observed by functional magnetic resonance imaging: differential regression analysis technique.

Purpose: To observe the dynamic responses of the cortical areas related to the pain processing by using the differential regression analysis (DRA) technique in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and investigation of pain mechanisms.

Materials And Methods: For pain studies, thermal stimulation was applied by immersing the index finger into a hot bath of water with a temperature of 50-52 degrees C. Motor (finger tapping) and visual (flickering light) stimulation experiments were conducted to elucidate the physiological differences between the simple sensory tasks and pain tasks.

Production of nuclear transfer-derived piglets using porcine fetal fibroblasts transfected with the enhanced green fluorescent protein.

A system for somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was developed and led to the successful production of GFP-transfected piglets. In experiment 1, two groups of SCNT couplets reconstructed with porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFF) and enucleated sow (S) or gilt oocytes (G): 1). received a simultaneous electrical fusion/activation (S-EFA or G-EFA groups), or 2).

Improved development of ICR mouse 2-cell embryos by the addition of amino acids to a serum-, phosphate-and glucose-free medium.

This study was conducted to evaluate how exogenous amino acids could affect preimplantation development of ICR mouse embryos. Two-cell embryos collected from naturally mated mice were cultured in amino acid-, glucose- and phosphate-free preimplantation (P)-1 medium. In Experiments 1, 19 amino acids (aa; 1% and 0.