Continuous On-Chip Cell Washing Using Viscoelastic Microfluidics.

Medium exchange of particles/cells to a clean buffer with a low background is essential for biological, chemical, and clinical research, which has been conventionally conducted using centrifugation. However, owing to critical limitations, such as possible cell loss and physical stimulation of cells, microfluidic techniques have been adopted for medium exchange. This study demonstrates a continuous on-chip washing process in a co-flow system using viscoelastic and Newtonian fluids.

Delayed Monocular Blindness after Coil Embolization of Large Paraclinoid Aneurysm.

Treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms weather by surgery, or endovascular embolization has a risk of visual loss due to optic neuropathy, or diplopia due to cranial nerve palsies. Visual complications occur immediately after the clipping, whereas they can occur variable time after endovascular coiling. Recently, endovascular coiling for paraclinoid aneurysm is regarded as a safe and feasible treatment.

Proper Management of Posttraumatic Tension Pneumocephalus.

Pneumocephalus is commonly seen after craniofacial injury. The pathogenesis of pneumocephalus has been debated as to whether it was caused by ball valve effect or combined episodic increased pressure within the nasopharynx on coughing. Discontinuous exchange of air and cerebrospinal fluid due to "inverted bottle" effect is assumed to be the cause of it.