Comparison of Jaw Mode and Field Width for Left-Breast Cancer Using TomoDirect Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy: A Phantom Study.

It is very important to use effective parameters in the treatment plan of breast cancer patients in TomoDirect (TD)-three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (TD-3DCRT). The objective of this study was to compare the radiation treatment plans to the parameters (jaw width and jaw mode) of TD-3DCRT for left-breast cancer. This study was conducted using the phantom, the jaw mode (fixed and dynamic) and field width (2.

Acquisition of 500 English Words through a TActile Phonemic Sleeve (TAPS).

Recently, a phonemic-based tactile speech communication system was developed with the goal to transmit speech through the skin for people with hearing impairments and those whose auditory and visual channels are overloaded or compromised. The display, called the TActile Phonemic Sleeve (TAPS), consisted of a 4-by-6 tactor array worn on the dorsal and volar surfaces of the forearm. Earlier work showed that people were able to learn the haptic symbols for 39 English phonemes and reach a mean phoneme recognition rate of 86% correct within one to four hours of training.

A Phonemic-Based Tactile Display for Speech Communication.

Despite a long history of research, the development of synthetic tactual aids to support the communication of speech has proven to be a difficult task. The current paper describes a new tactile speech device based on the presentation of phonemic-based tactile codes. The device consists of 24 tactors under independent control for stimulation at the forearm.

Spatial measurement for safe placement of screws within the scaphoid using three-dimensional analysis.

The placement of a headless screw within the scaphoid is important for successful fixation of fractured scaphoids. We ascertained the safe position of a screw using virtual collision experiments on a three-dimensionally reconstructed scaphoid bone and screw model, and applied measured angles to simple radiographs. We used images from computed tomograms of the wrists taken from 13 men to reconstruct a three-dimensional cortical image of the scaphoid.

Separation of carbon nanotubes by frit inlet asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation.

Flow field-flow fractionation (flow FFF), a separation technique for particles and macromolecules, has been used to separate carbon nanotubes (CNT). The carbon nanotube ropes that were purified from a raw carbon nanotube mixture by acidic reflux followed by cross-flow filtration using a hollow fiber module were cut into shorter lengths by sonication under a concentrated acid mixture. The cut carbon nanotubes were separated by using a modified flow FFF channel system, frit inlet asymmetrical flow FFF (FI AFIFFF) channel, which was useful in the continuous flow operation during injection and separation.

Bacteria sorting by field-flow fractionation. Application to whole-cell Escherichia coil vaccine strains.

Sorting and quantification of deactivated bacteria is an important way of quality control for whole-cell bacterial vaccines. In general, surface features of deactivated bacteria used for whole-cell bacterial vaccines affect the immunoresponse to bacteria-associated antigens. Enumeration of bacteria is also an important process development parameter for these vaccines.