Prevents Adipogenesis by Regulating Histone Acetylation.

is widely used in Ayurvedic preparations against multiple disorders and contains various bioactive components. This study aimed to determine the preventive effect of on obesity by evaluating the inhibition of adipogenesis and the related regulatory epigenetic mechanisms during 3T3-L1 differentiation. The ethyl acetate fraction of (EFPE) effectively inhibited lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) production in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Anti-Obesity Effects of Water Extract on 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

This study offers promising insights into the anti-obesity potential an edible mushroom valued in Asian cuisine for its nutritional benefits. A hot water extract of (PWE) administered to high-fat diet-induced obese mice over an 8-week period significantly reduced their body weight gain and fat accumulation. PWE not only improved the body weight metrics but also positively influenced the serum lipid profile of obese mice by lowering their total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

Liquid Biopsy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Challenges, Advances, and Clinical Implications.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive primary liver malignancy often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in a poor prognosis. Accurate risk stratification and early detection of HCC are critical unmet needs for improving outcomes. Several blood-based biomarkers and imaging tests are available for early detection, prediction, and monitoring of HCC.

Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Cathelicidin Axis Plays a Pivotal Role in the Development of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer caused by mutagenesis resulting from excess UVR or other types of oxidative stress. These stressors also upregulate the production of a cutaneous innate immune element, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP), through endoplasmic reticulum stress-initiated, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway. Although CAMP has beneficial antimicrobial activities, it also can be proinflammatory and procarcinogenic.

Battery-Free, Wireless Multi-Modal Sensor, and Actuator Array System for Pressure Injury Prevention.

Simultaneous monitoring of critical parameters (e.g., pressure, shear, and temperature) at bony prominences is essential for the prevention of pressure injuries in a systematic manner.

Diesel Particulate Matter Permeation into Normal Human Skin and Intervention Using a Topical Ceramide Formulation.

Introduction: Diesel particulate matter (DPM) emitted from diesel engines is a major source of air pollutants. DPM is composed of elemental carbon, which adsorbs organic compounds including toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The skin, as well as airways, is directly exposed to DPM, and association of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis flares, and premature skin aging with air pollutant levels has been documented.

Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease Associated With Antidiabetics: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Dementia risk is substantially elevated in patients with diabetes. However, evidence on dementia risk associated with various antidiabetic regimens is still limited. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with various antidiabetic classes.

Mechanical Activation of Graphite for Na-Ion Battery Anodes: Unexpected Reversible Reaction on Solid Electrolyte Interphase via X-Ray Analysis.

Although sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) offer promising low-cost alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), several challenges need to be overcome for their widespread adoption. A primary concern is the optimization of carbon anodes. Graphite, vital to the commercial viability of LIBs, has a limited capacity for sodium ions.

A Review of Recent Advancements in Sensor-Integrated Medical Tools.

A medical tool is a general instrument intended for use in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in humans or other animals. Nowadays, sensors are widely employed in medical tools to analyze or quantify disease-related parameters for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients' diseases. Recent explosive advancements in sensor technologies have extended the integration and application of sensors in medical tools by providing more versatile in vivo sensing capabilities.

Epigenetic Profiling of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study of DNA Methylation in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.

Diabetes is characterized by persistently high blood glucose levels and severe complications and affects millions of people worldwide. In this study, we explored the epigenetic landscape of diabetes using data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), specifically the Ansung-Ansan (AS-AS) cohort. Using epigenome-wide association studies, we investigated DNA methylation patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those with normal glucose regulation.

Schisandrin A in Upregulates the LDL Receptor by Inhibiting PCSK9 Protein Stabilization in Steatotic Model.

extract (SCE) protects against hypocholesterolemia by inhibiting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) protein stabilization. We hypothesized that the hypocholesterolemic activity of SCE can be attributable to upregulation of the PCSK9 inhibition-associated low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Male mice were fed a low-fat diet or a Western diet (WD) containing SCE at 1% for 12 weeks.

Barrier Abnormalities in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: The Roles of Inflammation and Ceramide Metabolism.

Xerosis is a common sign of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and patients with DM and mouse models for DM show a compromised epidermal permeability barrier. Barrier defects then allow the entry of foreign substances into the skin, triggering inflammation, infection, and worsening skin symptoms. Characterizing how barrier abnormalities develop in DM could suggest treatments for xerosis and other skin disease traits.

Spiral NeuroString: High-Density Soft Bioelectronic Fibers for Multimodal Sensing and Stimulation.

Bioelectronic fibers hold promise for both research and clinical applications due to their compactness, ease of implantation, and ability to incorporate various functionalities such as sensing and stimulation. However, existing devices suffer from bulkiness, rigidity, limited functionality, and low density of active components. These limitations stem from the difficulty to incorporate many components on one-dimensional (1D) fiber devices due to the incompatibility of conventional microfabrication methods (e.

Photothermal Lithography for Realizing a Stretchable Multilayer Electronic Circuit Using a Laser.

Photolithography is a well-established fabrication method for realizing multilayer electronic circuits. However, it is challenging to adopt photolithography to fabricate intrinsically stretchable multilayer electronic circuits fully composed of an elastomeric matrix, due to the opacity of thick stretchable nanocomposite conductors. Here, we present photothermal lithography that can pattern elastomeric conductors and via holes using pulsed lasers.

Patulin Ameliorates Hypertrophied Lipid Accumulation and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Modulating Mitochondrial Respiration.

Patulin (PAT) is a natural mycotoxin found in decaying pome fruits. Although some toxicological studies have been conducted on PAT, recent research has highlighted its anticancer and antifungal effects. However, studies have yet to examine the effects and molecular mechanisms of PAT in other metabolic diseases.

Improving hydroxyapatite coating ability on biodegradable metal through laser-induced hydrothermal coating in liquid precursor: Application in orthopedic implants.

During the past decade, there has been extensive research toward the possibility of exploring magnesium and its alloys as biocompatible and biodegradable materials for implantable applications. Its practical medical application, however, has been limited to specific areas owing to rapid corrosion in the initial stage and the consequent complications. Surface coatings can significantly reduce the initial corrosion of Mg alloys, and several studies have been carried out to improve the adhesion strength of the coating to the surfaces of the alloys.

Nanowatt-Level Photoactivated Gas Sensor Based on Fully-Integrated Visible MicroLED and Plasmonic Nanomaterials.

Photoactivated gas sensors that are fully integrated with micro light-emitting diodes (µLED) have shown great potential to substitute conventional micro/nano-electromechanical (M/NEMS) gas sensors owing to their low power consumption, high mechanical stability, and mass-producibility. Previous photoactivated gas sensors mostly have utilized ultra-violet (UV) light (250-400 nm) for activating high-bandgap metal oxides, although energy conversion efficiencies of gallium nitride (GaN) LEDs are maximized in the blue range (430-470 nm). This study presents a more advanced monolithic photoactivated gas sensor based on a nanowatt-level, ultra-low-power blue (λ  = 435 nm) µLED platform (µLP).

Nanotransfer-on-Things: From Rigid to Stretchable Nanophotonic Devices.

The growing demand for nanophotonic devices has driven the advancement of nanotransfer printing (nTP) technology. Currently, the scope of nTP is limited to certain materials and substrates owing to the temperature, pressure, and chemical bonding requirements. In this study, we developed a universal nTP technique utilizing covalent bonding-based adhesives to improve the adhesion between the target material and substrate.

Nanoscale three-dimensional fabrication based on mechanically guided assembly.

The growing demand for complex three-dimensional (3D) micro-/nanostructures has inspired the development of the corresponding manufacturing techniques. Among these techniques, 3D fabrication based on mechanically guided assembly offers the advantages of broad material compatibility, high designability, and structural reversibility under strain but is not applicable for nanoscale device printing because of the bottleneck at nanofabrication and design technique. Herein, a configuration-designable nanoscale 3D fabrication is suggested through a robust nanotransfer methodology and design of substrate's mechanical characteristics.

Low-Power, Multi-Transduction Nanosensor Array for Accurate Sensing of Flammable and Toxic Gases.

Toxic and flammable gases pose a major safety risk in industrial settings; thus, their portable sensing is desired, which requires sensors with fast response, low-power consumption, and accurate detection. Herein, a low-power, multi-transduction array is presented for the accurate sensing of flammable and toxic gases. Specifically, four different sensors are integrated on a micro-electro-mechanical-systems platform consisting of bridge-type microheaters.

Dnmt1/Tet2-mediated changes in Cmip methylation regulate the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by controlling the Gbp2-Pparγ-CD36 axis.

Dynamic alteration of DNA methylation leads to various human diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although C-Maf-inducing protein (Cmip) has been reported to be associated with NAFLD, its exact underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to elucidate this mechanism in NAFLD in vitro and in vivo.

Nypa fruticans Wurmb inhibits melanogenesis in isobutylmethylxanthine‑treated melanoma via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/CREB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Malignant melanoma is responsible for 3.0 and 1.7% of cases of tumor incidence and tumor-associated mortality, respectively, in the Caucasian population.

Role of Postbiotics in Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders.

Although the prevalence of metabolic disorders has progressively increased over the past few decades, metabolic disorders can only be effectively treated with calorie restriction and improved physical activity. Recent research has focused on altering the gut microbiome using prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics because various metabolic syndromes are caused by gut microbial dysbiosis. Postbiotics, substances produced or released by microorganism metabolic activities, play an important role in maintaining and restoring host health.