The morphology, morphogenesis, molecular phylogeny, and the resting cyst morphology of the freshwater ciliate, Crassohymena primicirrata (Berger and Foissner, 1987) n. gen., n.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new ciliate, Conchophthirus sinanodontae n. sp., which was discovered in the freshwater mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) from the Chilsancheon River, Buyeo-gun, South Korea, were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEuplotes baugilensis n. sp. was discovered in a temporary puddle that formed after rainfall on a mountain footpath near Gangneung-Wonju National University in Gangneung, South Korea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular identification of micro- and macroorganisms based on nuclear markers has revolutionized our understanding of their taxonomy, phylogeny and ecology. Today, research on the diversity of eukaryotes in global ecosystems heavily relies on nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) markers. Here, we present the research community-curated reference database EUKARYOME for nuclear ribosomal 18S rRNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S rRNA markers for all eukaryotes, including metazoans (animals), protists, fungi and plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To overcome the limited efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade, there is a need to find novel cancer immunotherapeutic strategies for the optimal treatment of cancer. The novel anti-4-1BB×PDL1 bispecific antibody-ABL503 (also known as TJ-L14B)-was designed to simultaneously target PDL1 and 4-1BB and demonstrated strong antitumor T-cell responses without considerable toxicity. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which the combination of ABL503 and anti-PD1 blockade affected the reinvigoration of exhausted tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells (CD8+ TIL) and antitumor efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn order to serve better VR experiences to users, existing predictive methods of Redirected Walking (RDW) exploit future information to reduce the number of reset occurrences. However, such methods often impose a precondition during deployment, either in the virtual environment's layout or the user's walking direction, which constrains its universal applications. To tackle this challenge, we propose a mechanism F-RDW that is twofold: (1) forecasts the future information of a user in the virtual space without any assumptions by using the conventional method, and (2) fuse this information while maneuvering existing RDW methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring a survey of Korean marine ciliates, Trochilia sigmoides, the type species of the genus Trochilia, was collected and examined using in vivo observation and protargol impregnation. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy and 18S rRNA gene sequencing have been applied for the first time to study this species. Morphologically, T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe living morphology, infraciliature, and molecular phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Hemiurosomoida koreana n. sp., discovered in a sample collected from a mountain in the northeast of South Korea, were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlexible lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted significant attention owing to their ever-increasing use in flexible and wearable electronic devices. However, the practical application of flexible LIBs in devices has been plagued by the challenge of simultaneously achieving high energy density and high flexibility. Herein, a hierarchical 3D electrode (H3DE) is introduced with high mass loading that can construct highly flexible LIBs with ultrahigh energy density.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a tight junction protein that has been identified as a clinically proven target in gastric cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe morphology and molecular phylogeny of a new soil ciliate, Keronopsis koreana n. sp., which was discovered in soil from Jindo-gun, South Korea, were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new marine ciliate was discovered from intertidal mudflat from South Korea. Based on the observation of living cells, protargol-impregnated specimens and SEM, we describe it as new species belonging to the genus Diophrys Dujardin, 1841, namely Diophrys pauciciliata n. sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe morphology and molecular phylogeny of two new ciliates, gen. nov., sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe morphology, ontogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new ciliate, Pseudostylonychia obliquocaudata n. gen., n.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral preclinical studies demonstrate that antitumor efficacy of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade can be improved by combination with other checkpoint inhibitors. Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is an inhibitory checkpoint receptor involved in T cell exhaustion and tumor immune escape. Here, we describe ABL501, a bispecific antibody targeting LAG-3 and PD-L1 in modulating immune cell responses against tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the magnitude and causes of isotopic fractionation between organisms and their dietary resources is crucial for gaining knowledge on stable isotope ecology. However, little is known regarding the diet-tissue fractionation values of marine ciliates, which play a critical role in the reconstruction of microbial food webs. In the present study, we conducted experiments on two benthic ( and ) and two pelagic ( and ) marine ciliates, where they were fed with isotopically constant foods ( and ) under laboratory culture conditions to determine their carbon and nitrogen isotopic fractionation values (ΔC and ΔN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Stimulation of 4-1BB with agonistic antibodies is a promising strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or for overcoming resistance to ICIs. However, dose-dependent hepatotoxicity was observed in clinical trials with monoclonal anti-4-1BB agonistic antibodies due to the activation of 4-1BB signaling in liver resident Kupffer cells.
Methods: To avoid this on-target liver toxicity, we developed a novel bispecific antibody (4-1BB×PD-L1 bispecific antibody, termed "ABL503") uniquely designed to activate 4-1BB signaling only in the context of PD-L1, while also blocking PD-1/PD-L1 signaling.
: Infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Identifying genetic causes of INS would help clinicians to facilitate clinical diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) for INS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe morphology, ontogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of a new ciliate, Gonostomum koreanum n. sp., discovered in a terrestrial moss sample from South Korea, were investigated.
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