Prognosis prediction and immunotherapy optimisation for cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus.

Background: Cryptogenic new-onset refractory status epilepticus (cNORSE) currently lacks comprehensive knowledge regarding its clinical dynamics, prognostic factors and treatment guidance. Here we present the longitudinal clinical profiles, predictive factors for outcomes and the optimal duration of immunotherapy in patients with cNORSE.

Methods: This retrospective secondary endpoint analysis investigated patients with cNORSE identified from a prospective autoimmune encephalitis cohort at a national referral centre in Korea.

Charge-recombinative triplet sensitization of alkenes for DeMayo-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition.

Synthetic photochemistry has undergone significant development, largely owing to the development of visible-light-absorbing photocatalysts (PCs). PCs have significantly improved the efficiency and precision of cycloaddition reactions, primarily through energy or electron transfer pathways. Recent research has identified photocatalysis that does not follow energy- or electron-transfer formalisms, indicating the existence of other, undiscovered photoactivation pathways.

Synergistic Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Kale Juice Fermented with EFEL6901 or EFEL6800.

This study investigates the synergistic impact of fermenting kale juice with strains on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Kale's rich nutrient profile, especially its flavonoids, offers potential health benefits. Probiotic lactic acid bacteria are employed in kale fermentation to enhance nutrient bioavailability and generate bioactive compounds.

Hypercoagulability on Thromboelastography Can Predict the Functional Outcomes in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background:  We investigated the association between the reaction time (R), a thromboelastography (TEG) parameter for hypercoagulability, and functional outcomes based on the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and early neurological deterioration (END).

Methods:  We enrolled ischemic stroke patients and performed TEG immediately after the patients' arrival. The baseline characteristics, occurrence of HT and END, stroke severity, and etiology were compared according to the R.

Thromboelastography as a predictor of functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular treatment.

Background: Thromboelastography (TEG) is a useful for predicting hemorrhagic transformation, early neurological deterioration, and functional outcome after stroke. We aimed to investigate whether TEG value could also be useful in predicting functional outcome via various intraprocedural and postprocedural factors in patients with acute large vessel occlusive stroke who underwent intraarterial thrombectomy (IAT).

Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke who underwent IAT between March 2018 and March 2020 at two tertiary hospitals were included.

In-stent restenosis and stented-territory infarction after carotid and vertebrobasilar artery stenting.

Background: Prognosis after vertebrobasilar stenting (VBS) may differ from that after carotid artery stenting (CAS). Here, we directly compared the incidence and predictors of in-stent restenosis and stented-territory infarction after VBS and compared them with those of CAS.

Methods: We enrolled patients who underwent VBS or CAS.

Construction of a Pentacyclic Framework Enabled by Nickel Catalysis.

We present a novel nickel-catalyzed reaction of indole-tethered 2-alkynylphenol esters with various (hetero)aryl boronic acids, resulting in the synthesis of diversely functionalized pentacyclic benzofurocyclohepta[]indole derivatives. This unprecedented cascade reaction involves the arylative cyclization of alkynes, nucleophilic attack of the indole moiety on the oxonium ion intermediate, 1,2-alkyl group migration, and aromatization. The synthesized molecules exhibit exceptional cytotoxicity against multiple cancer cell lines while maintaining biocompatibility toward healthy cells.

Comparative analysis of prebiotic effects of four oligosaccharides using in vitro gut model: digestibility, microbiome, and metabolome changes.

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), Ad-fructooligosaccharides (Ad-FOS), resistant maltodextrin (RMD), and maltooligosaccharides (MOS) are commercially available prebiotic oligosaccharides. In this study, the effects of prebiotics on the human gut microbial ecosystem were evaluated using an in vitro gut model. FOS and Ad-FOS showed tolerance to digestion, whereas RMD and MOS showed moderate digestion by digestive enzymes.

Factors associated with two different stroke mechanisms in perforator infarctions regarding the shape of arteries.

Two different stroke mechanisms are involved in small vessel disease: branch atheromatous disease (BAD) and lipohyalinotic degeneration (LD). We compared mechanisms of stroke in lenticulostriate arteries (LSA) vs. anterior pontine arteries (APA) and verified factors associated with stroke mechanisms, including shape of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and basilar artery (BA).

Blood pressure variability and early neurological deterioration according to the chronic kidney disease risk categories in minor ischemic stroke patients.

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases blood pressure variability (BPV) and affects stroke outcomes. However, the effect of BPV on early neurological deterioration (END) may be different according to the renal function.

Methods: We enrolled ischemic stroke patients with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of ≤5.

High serum total cholesterol associated with good outcome in endovascular thrombectomy for acute large artery occlusion.

Background: The effect of cholesterol on the functional outcome after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether the lipid profile is associated with the EVT prognosis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with emergent large vessel occlusion who underwent EVT.

Early Response to Endovascular Thrombectomy after Stroke: Early, Late, and Very Late Time Windows.

Background And Purpose: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has benefits in selected patients 6-24 h after stroke onset. However, the response to EVT >24 h after stroke onset is still unclear. We compared the early response to EVT in patients with different time windows.

Blood Pressure Variability Can Predict Carotid Sinus Reaction After Carotid Stenting.

Background: Carotid stenting has become an important treatment for carotid disease. Carotid sinus reaction (CSR), a complication which is not uncommon and affects the outcome of carotid stenting. We investigated the predictors of CSR, including blood pressure variability and heart rate variability (BPV and HRV, respectively).

Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,3,4-Trisubstituted 3-Pyrrolines.

The development of synthetic methods to produce highly functionalized chiral 3-pyrrolines is of indisputable importance because of their prevalence in natural and synthetic bioactive molecules. Unfortunately, previous general cycloaddition approaches using allenoates, could not synthesize 3,4-disubstituted 3-pyrrolines. Herein, an original approach to yield 2,3,4-trisubstituted 3-pyrrolines with chirality at the 2-position is presented.

Isolated pontine infarction versus pontine plus infarction: prevalence, pathogenic mechanism, and outcomes.

Background: Pontine infarctions are often associated with extrapontine infarcts. We aimed to elucidate differences in clinical characteristics, mechanisms, and functional outcomes between isolated pontine infarction (IPI) and pontine plus infarction (PPI).

Methods: We studied patients with acute pontine infarction between January 2019 and August 2021 and divided them into IPI and PPI according to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance image.

Basilar Artery Tortuosity May Be Associated with Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Pontine Infarction.

Background: Early neurological deterioration (END) occurs in patients with pontine infarction that is adversely associated with a long-term functional outcome. As basilar artery (BA) tortuosity may alter hemodynamics, we investigated whether factors including BA tortuosity are associated with END and poor outcome at 3 months.

Methods: We reviewed patients with acute (<7 days from stroke onset) unilateral pontine infarction mainly involving the pontine base and/or tegmental regions from January 2017 through April 2021.

Prebiotic activities of dextran from SPCL742 analyzed in the aspect of the human gut microbial ecosystem.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prebiotic activities of dextran (LM742) produced by SPCL742 in the aspect of the human gut microbial ecosystem focusing on microbiome and metabolome changes in colonic fermentation. LM742 dextran had a medium-chain structure with the molecular weight of 1394.87 kDa (DP = 7759.

Droplet-Based Evaporative System for the Estimation of Protein Crystallization Kinetics.

Crystallization is a potential cost-effective alternative to chromatography for the purification of biotherapeutic proteins. Crystallization kinetics are required for the design and control of such processes, but only a limited quantity of proteins is available during the initial stage of process development. This article describes the design of a droplet-based evaporative system for the evaluation of candidate crystallization conditions and the estimation of kinetics using only a droplet (on the order of μL) of protein solution.

Suitability Analysis of 17 Probiotic Type Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Starter for Kimchi Fermentation.

The use of probiotic starters can improve the sensory and health-promoting properties of fermented foods. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a starter for kimchi fermentation. Seventeen probiotic type strains were tested for their growth rates, volatile aroma compounds, metabolites, and sensory characteristics of kimchi, and their characteristics were compared to those of (.

Metal salt-modified biochars derived from agro-waste for effective congo red dye removal.

Anionic Congo red dye (CR) is not effectively removed by conventional adsorbents. Three novel biochars derived from agro-waste (Acacia auriculiformis), modified with metal salts of FeCl, AlCl, and CaCl at 500 °C pyrolysis have been developed to enhance CR treatment. These biochars revealed significant differences in effluents compared to BC, which satisfied initial research expectations (P < 0.