Use of graphical techniques for error evaluation.

Anatomic localization in functional (such as PET) imaging often requires a structural (such as CT or NMRI) study of the brain in the same plane. Some neuropsychiatric conditions make it difficult for a patient to hold his/her head immobile even when a rigid head holder is used. We studied the effect of tilt of the anatomic reference image, in this instance CT, relative to the functional image, here PET, on the quantification of receptor ligand concentration in anatomically defined regions of the brain.

Gonadotropin releasing hormone-induced secretion of luteinizing hormone during the milk-ejection reflex in the postpartum beef cow.

A study was conducted to determine the effect of the milk-ejection reflex on exogenous gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced release of luteinizing hormone (LH) after short-term calf removal. Twenty-four postpartum multiparous beef cows were assigned randomly to groups arranged in a 2(3) factorial arrangement. Factors consisted of two levels of suckling [suckled (S) or nonsuckled (NS)], treatment with GnRH [saline (C) or 200 micrograms GnRH] and days postpartum (d 1 and 14).

[Trends in inpatient geriatric psychiatry care in West Germany].

Studies in the U.S.A.

Effects of amphetamine on local cerebral metabolism in normal and schizophrenic subjects as determined by positron emission tomography.

The effects of d-amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg PO) on regional cerebral glucose utilization were measured with Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Subjects included ten chronic schizophrenics and six controls who received amphetamine, and six chronic schizophrenics and nine controls who received placebo or no treatment.

Improved parameters for prediction of RNA structure.

Thermodynamic studies of oligoribonucleotides are providing parameters and insights for the fundamental interactions that determine RNA structure. These results can be used to predict the secondary structure of RNA from its sequence. Comparisons of predicted structures with those deduced from phylogenetic data indicate a modest success rate that is improving as more parameters are determined experimentally.

Improved free-energy parameters for predictions of RNA duplex stability.

Thermodynamic parameters for prediction of RNA duplex stability are reported. One parameter for duplex initiation and 10 parameters for helix propagation are derived from enthalpy and free-energy changes for helix formation by 45 RNA oligonucleotide duplexes. The oligomer sequences were chosen to maximize reliability of secondary structure predictions.

[Isolated azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava. (Absence of the retrohepatic segment of the inferior vena cava)].

The isolated azygos continuation of the inferior vena cave is a very rare variation of this organ. It is accompanied by the absence of the retrohepatic segment of the vena cava with two new observations, the literature is revised and the origin discussed.

Facial expression of positive and negative emotions in patients with unipolar depression.

Neuropsychological research in major depression has generally been limited to the realm of cognition. This study focuses instead on the neuropsychology of affect. Emotional facial expression was examined in light of its presumed right cerebral hemisphere mediation and evidence for right hemisphere disorganization in major depression.

[The demand for homes in old age].

A study is reported of the utilization of non-clinical institutional care (geriatric and old people's homes) by the elderly inhabitants of Mannheim (pop. 306,000). The aim of the research was to establish the probability of admission to institutional care of an elderly person from this population, and to examine the influence of socio-demographic features.

The three-dimensional active rotary stabilization of the knee.

The careful examination of insertions and directions of the tendons of the knee peri-articular muscles permits a global conception of the action of the 29 couples in rotatory stabilization. First, an analytic study of the tibial and femoral rotatory stabilization is considered. Second, the three-dimensional rotatory mechanical coupling between femur and tibia is developed.

Slow inward current may produce many results attributed to IX1 in cardiac Purkinje fibers.

We have tried to answer two fundamental questions concerning the outward current IX1 of cardiac Purkinje fibers. 1) Is it possible that current changes identified as arising from IX1 in voltage-clamp experiments are actually manifestations of changes in the slow inward current (Isi); and 2) is IX1 in fact required to produce the electrical phenomena attributed to it? Isi behavior and the role of IX1 were explored using computer simulation. The Isi model produced current changes during depolarizations and hyperpolarizations from depolarized resting potentials like those attributed to IX1.

A re-examination of late outward plateau currents of cardiac Purkinje fibers.

Two outward currents, IX1 and IX2, are thought to be activated by depolarization of the Purkinje fiber. One of these, IX1, is presently believed to play a critical role in repolarization of the action potential. The IX currents were originally analyzed in voltage-clamp experiments in sheep Purkinje fibers.

Persistence of cerebral metabolic abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia as determined by positron emission tomography.

Local cerebral metabolic rates were determined by positron emission tomography and the deoxyglucose method in a group of 10 chronic schizophrenic subjects before and after somatic treatment and in eight normal subjects. Before treatment, schizophrenic subjects had markedly lower absolute metabolic activity than did normal controls in both frontal and temporal regions and a trend toward relative hyperactivity in the basal ganglia area. After treatment, their metabolic rates approached those seen in normal subjects in nearly all regions except frontal.

The influence of clothing on human intrathoracic pressure during airblast.

Exposure to airblast can result in injury to the lungs and other gas-containing organs. The mechanism of lung injury is not clearly understood, but may be related to the rapid increase in intrathoracic pressure (ITP) which is produced when the blast wave strikes the chest wall. The purpose of this study was to determine if ITP during airblast would be influenced by several different types of protective clothing.

Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation of compressed gas mixture. A simple system for bronchial challenge by respiratory heat loss.

Eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) of cold, dry air has been shown to be an effective stimulus for bronchoconstriction in people with reactive airways. The system for respiratory heat exchange (RHE) challenge can be greatly simplified from what is presently used. A relationship was derived which predicts that a single fraction of inspired CO2 (0.

Toxicant-disease-environment interactions associated with suppression of immune system, growth, and reproduction.

The effects of marginal malnourishment , infections, and environmental chemicals on growth and reproductive success in Swiss-Webster white mice and wild deer mice were studied with fractional factorial designs. Interaction effects were discovered. For example, malnourished mice were more sensitive to virus exposure and environmental chemicals (a plant growth regulator or polychlorinated biphenyls).