Challenges and Insights in Absolute Quantification of Recombinant Therapeutic Antibodies by Mass Spectrometry: An Introductory Review.

This review describes mass spectrometry (MS)-based approaches for the absolute quantification of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), focusing on technical challenges in sample treatment and calibration. Therapeutic mAbs are crucial for treating cancer and inflammatory, infectious, and autoimmune diseases. We trace their development from hybridoma technology and the first murine mAbs in 1975 to today's chimeric and fully human mAbs.

Long-Term Urinary and Sexual Outcomes in Pediatric Genitourinary Rhabdomyosarcoma Survivors: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: Genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma (GU-RMS) often requires multimodal therapy treatment including radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgery for disease control. The long-term effects of the disease and associated treatments are unclear. We sought to investigate the long-term genitourinary quality of life for adult survivors of pediatric GU-RMS.

The roles of cognitive dissonance and normative reasoning in attributions of minds to robots.

As a wide variety of intelligent technologies become part of everyday life, researchers have explored how people conceptualize agents that in some ways act and think like living things but are clearly machines. Much of this work draws upon the idea that people readily default to generalizing human-like properties to such agents, and only pare back on these generalizations with added thought. However, recent findings have also documented that people are sometimes initially hesitant to attribute minds to a machine but are more willing to do so with additional thought.

The development of surgical ability during pediatric urology fellowship and its evolution in the early years of practice.

Background: North American Pediatric Urology fellowship programs underwent a structural change in 2021 that allows more flexibility in training. Given this opportunity as well as widespread concern about the development of contemporary surgical trainees, it is prudent to understand in detail the current state of preparedness of pediatric urology fellowship graduates for independent practice.

Objective: The study aimed to determine recent pediatric urology graduates' reported levels of comfort both at graduation and following the start of clinical practice in performing select index procedures.

A Natural Astragalus-Based Nutritional Supplement Lengthens Telomeres in a Middle-Aged Population: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Telomeres are ribonucleoprotein structures that form a protective buffer at the ends of chromosomes, maintaining genomic integrity during the cell cycle. A decrease in average telomere length is associated with with age and with aging-related diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. In this study, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial over six months to compare the effects of the Astragalus-based supplement versus a placebo on telomere length (TL) in 40 healthy volunteers (mean age 56.

Remembering conversation in group settings.

Individuals can take on various roles in conversation. Some roles are more active, with the participant responsible for guiding that conversation in pursuit of the group's goals. Other roles are more passive, like when one is an overhearer.

Machine learning methods for compound annotation in non-targeted mass spectrometry-A brief overview of fingerprinting, in silico fragmentation and de novo methods.

Non-targeted screenings (NTS) are essential tools in different fields, such as forensics, health and environmental sciences. NTSs often employ mass spectrometry (MS) methods due to their high throughput and sensitivity in comparison to, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance-based methods. As the identification of mass spectral signals, called annotation, is labour intensive, it has been used for developing supporting tools based on machine learning (ML).

Endometabolic profiling of pigmented glacier ice algae: the impact of sample processing.

Introduction: Glacier ice algae, mainly Ancylonema alaskanum and Ancylonema nordenskiöldi, bloom on Greenland Ice Sheet bare ice surfaces. They significantly decrease surface albedo due to their purple-brown pigmentation, thus increasing melt. Little is known about their metabolic adaptation and factors controlling algal growth dynamics and pigment formation.

Associations of body composition parameters with postoperative outcome and perineural tumour invasion after oncological pancreatic resection.

Background: Pancreatic cancer is often accompanied by wasting conditions. While surgery is the primary curative approach, it poses a substantial risk of postoperative complications, hindering subsequent treatments. Therefore, identifying patients at high risk for complications and optimizing their perioperative general condition is crucial.

Baby and Family-Centered Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Changing Perspective.

The goal of baby and family-centered care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is to recognize the baby's needs exhibited through the baby's individual behavior and communication and support parent education, engagement, and interaction with the baby to build a nurturing relationship. Health care providers and caregivers must guide rather than control the role of the parents from birth through NICU care, transition to home, and continuing care at home. Parents are health care team members, primary caregivers, and shared decision-makers in caring for their babies.

PKM2 diverts glycolytic flux in dependence on mitochondrial one-carbon cycle.

Modeling tumor metabolism in vitro remains challenging. Here, we used galactose as an in vitro tool compound to mimic glycolytic limitation. In contrast to the established idea that high glycolytic flux reduces pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 (PKM2) activity to support anabolic processes, we have discovered that glycolytic limitation also affects PKM2 activity.

Hypothalamic tanycytes as mediators of maternally programmed seasonal plasticity.

In mammals, maternal photoperiodic programming (MPP) provides a means whereby juvenile development can be matched to forthcoming seasonal environmental conditions. This phenomenon is driven by in utero effects of maternal melatonin on the production of thyrotropin (TSH) in the fetal pars tuberalis (PT) and consequent TSH receptor-mediated effects on tanycytes lining the 3 ventricle of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). Here we use LASER capture microdissection and transcriptomic profiling to show that TSH-dependent MPP controls the attributes of the ependymal region of the MBH in juvenile animals.

Steroidogenesis and androgen/estrogen signaling pathways are altered in in vitro matured testicular tissues of prepubertal mice.

Children undergoing cancer treatments are at risk for impaired fertility. Cryopreserved prepubertal testicular biopsies could theoretically be later matured to produce spermatozoa for assisted reproductive technology. A complete spermatogenesis has been obtained from mouse prepubertal testicular tissue, although with low efficiency.

NICU Couplet Care: metrics to guide an evolving model of care.

Objective: The evidence-based science of maternal and neonatal care has been rapidly changing. As a result, clinical practice and the design of physical space have evolved in order to provide neuroprotection for the baby and meet expectations of family presence and participation.

Setting: The concept and practice of NICU Couplet Care supports positive health well-being/outcomes and early relationship building between the mother-baby-father/partner.

Omics data integration suggests a potential idiopathic Parkinson's disease signature.

The vast majority of Parkinson's disease cases are idiopathic. Unclear etiology and multifactorial nature complicate the comprehension of disease pathogenesis. Identification of early transcriptomic and metabolic alterations consistent across different idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) patients might reveal the potential basis of increased dopaminergic neuron vulnerability and primary disease mechanisms.

Fiber-orientation independent component of R* obtained from single-orientation MRI measurements in simulations and a post-mortem human optic chiasm.

The effective transverse relaxation rate (R*) is sensitive to the microstructure of the human brain like the g-ratio which characterises the relative myelination of axons. However, the fibre-orientation dependence of R* degrades its reproducibility and any microstructural derivative measure. To estimate its orientation-independent part (R*) from single multi-echo gradient-recalled-echo (meGRE) measurements at arbitrary orientations, a second-order polynomial in time model (hereafter M2) can be used.

Formate promotes invasion and metastasis in reliance on lipid metabolism.

Metabolic rewiring is essential for cancer onset and progression. We previously showed that one-carbon metabolism-dependent formate production often exceeds the anabolic demand of cancer cells, resulting in formate overflow. Furthermore, we showed that increased extracellular formate concentrations promote the in vitro invasiveness of glioblastoma cells.

When searching helps you see: Bridging the gap between incidental and intentional change detection.

Participants in incidental change detection studies often miss large changes to visually salient or conceptually relevant objects such as actor substitutions across video cuts, but there are competing explanations of why participants fail to detect these changes. According to an integrative processing account, object-based attention typically induces integrated representation and comparison processes sufficient to detect changes to that object. On this view, participants miss changes in incidental paradigms because those paradigms fail to elicit the level of attention necessary to trigger integrated representation and comparison processes.

MEMCONS: How Contemporaneous Note-Taking Shapes Memory for Conversation.

Written memoranda of conversations, or memcons, provide a near-contemporaneous record of what was said in conversation, and offer important insights into the activities of high-profile individuals. We assess the impact of writing a memcon on memory for conversation. Pairs of participants engaged in conversation and were asked to recall the contents of that conversation 1 week later.

Targeted rhythmic visual stimulation at individual participants' intrinsic alpha frequency causes selective increase of occipitoparietal BOLD-fMRI and EEG functional connectivity.

Neural oscillations in distinct frequency bands are ubiquitous in the brain and play a role in many cognitive processes. The "communication by coherence" hypothesis, poses that the synchronization through phase coupling of frequency-specific neural oscillations regulate information flow across distribute brain regions. Specifically, the posterior alpha frequency band (7-12 Hz) is thought to gate bottom-up visual information flow by inhibition during visual processing.