Separation of a functional deubiquitylating module from the SAGA complex by the proteasome regulatory particle.

Gene expression is an intricate process tightly linked from gene activation to the nuclear export of mRNA. Recent studies have indicated that the proteasome is essential for gene expression regulation. The proteasome regulatory particle binds to the SAGA complex and affects transcription in an ATP-dependent manner.

The proteasome and its regulatory roles in gene expression.

Cumulative evidence indicates that the proteasome, which is mainly known as a protein-degrading machine, is very essential for gene expression. Destructive functions of the proteasome, i.e.

Characterization and role of fucose mutarotase in mammalian cells.

L-Fucose for mammalian glycosylation contains an anomeric carbon atom generating alpha- and beta-L-fucoses. Based on sequence comparison of mouse and human homologs with the prokaryotic fucose mutarotases (FucU) characterized previously, we investigated their function in mammalian cells. By nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement with saturation difference analysis, the purified mammalian mutarotases were demonstrated to be involved in an interconversion between the two anomeric forms with comparable efficiency as that of the Escherichia coli FucU.