Topochemical Synthesis and Electronic Structure of High-Crystallinity Infinite-Layer Nickelates on an Orthorhombic Substrate.

Superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates has stirred much research interest, to which questions regarding the nature of superconductivity remain elusive. A critical leap forward to address these intricate questions is through the growth of high-crystallinity infinite-layer nickelates, including the "parent" phase. Here, we report the synthesis of a high-quality thin-film nickelate, NdNiO.

Redox-active Co(II) and Zn(II) Pincer Complexes as High-Capacity Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

To address the ongoing demand for high-performance energy storage devices, it is crucial to identify new electrode materials. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) store energy via the electrochemical redox process, so their electrode materials should have reversible redox properties for rechargeability. On that note, redox-active metal complexes are explored as innovative electrode materials for LIBs.

Selective Biofilm Inhibition through Mucin-Inspired Engineering of Silk Glycopolymers.

Mucins are key components of innate immune defense and possess remarkable abilities to manage pathogenic microbes while supporting beneficial ones and maintaining microbial homeostasis at mucosal surfaces. Their unique properties have garnered significant interest in developing mucin-inspired materials as novel therapeutic strategies for selectively controlling pathogens without disrupting the overall microbial ecology. However, natural mucin production is challenging to scale, driving the need for simpler materials that reproduce mucin's bioactivity.

An Ion Pair Receptor for Selective Solid-Liquid Extraction of LiCl.

We have synthesized a new ion pair receptor (2) consisting of a cone-calix[4]arene bearing a combination of ethyl esters and ethers as a cation binding site and a calix[4]pyrrole subunit acting as an anion binding site. Ion pair receptor 2 complexes LiCl, NaCl, and CsCl among alkali metal chloride salts with distinct complexation modes and affinities in 10 % methanol-d in chloroform-d. For instance, relatively small Li and Na cations are bound to the oxygen atoms of the functionalized calix[4]arene lower rim with Cl being hydrogen bonded to the calix[4]pyrrole NHs while the larger Cs cation is bound to the cone-shaped calix[4]pyrrole cavity via a π-cation interaction.

Electronic and magnetic excitations in LaNiO.

High-temperature superconductivity was discovered in the pressurized nickelate LaNiO which has a unique bilayer structure and mixed valence state of nickel. The properties at ambient pressure contain crucial information of the fundamental interactions and bosons mediating superconducting pairing. Here, using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, we identified that Ni 3 , Ni 3 , and ligand oxygen 2p orbitals dominate the low-energy physics with a small charge-transfer energy.

Facile One-Pot Synthesis of FeO Nanoparticles Composited with Reduced Graphene Oxide as Fast-Chargeable Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

To address the rapidly growing demand for high performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the development of high-capacity anode materials should focus on the practical perspective of a facile synthetic process. In this work, iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) in situ grown on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), denoted as FeO NPs@rGO, were prepared through a facile one-pot synthesis under the wet-colloidal conditions. The synthesized FeO NPs showed that uniform FeO NPs, with a size of around 9 nm, were distributed on the rGO surfaces.

Application of metal-organic frameworks for photocatalytic degradation of microplastics: Design, challenges, and scope.

Microplastics (MPs), plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, are pervasive pollutants challenging wastewater treatment due to their size and hydrophobicity. They infiltrate freshwater, marine, and soil environments, posing ecological threats. In marine settings, MPs ingested by organisms cause cytokine release, cellular and DNA damage, and inflammation.

Colloidal Synthesis and Analysis of CNT-CuS for Stability and Capacity Increase Alleviation in Sodium-Ion Storage.

With the growing interest in energy storage, significant research has focused on finding suitable anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). While developing high-capacity nanosized metal sulfides, issues like low stability and rapid initial capacity decline are common. Instead of maintaining steady capacity, they also tend to exhibit an increase in discharge capacity as cycling continues.

Evolution from a charge-ordered insulator to a high-temperature superconductor in BiSr(Ca,Dy)CuO.

How Cooper pairs form and condense has been the main challenge in the physics of copper-oxide high-temperature superconductors. Great efforts have been made in the 'underdoped' region of the phase diagram, through doping a Mott insulator or cooling a strange metal. However, there is still no consensus on how superconductivity emerges when electron-electron correlations dominate and the Fermi surface is missing.

Molecular O Dimers and Lattice Instability in a Perovskite Electrocatalyst.

Structural degradation of oxide electrodes during the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a major challenge in water electrolysis. Although the OER is known to induce changes in the surface layer, little is known about its effect on the bulk of the electrocatalyst and its overall phase stability. Here, we show that under OER conditions, a highly active SrCoO electrocatalyst develops bulk lattice instability, which results in the formation of molecular O dimers inside the bulk and nanoscale amorphization induced via chemo-mechanical coupling.

Discrepancy Between Genetically Predicted and Observed BMI Predicts Incident Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Obesity is a key predictor of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, metabolic complications are not solely due to increased BMI. We hypothesized that differences between genetically predicted BMI and observed BMI (BMI-diff) could reflect deviation from individual set point and may predict incident T2D.

Magnetic excitations in strained infinite-layer nickelate PrNiO films.

Strongly correlated materials respond sensitively to external perturbations such as strain, pressure, and doping. In the recently discovered superconducting infinite-layer nickelates, the superconducting transition temperature can be enhanced via only ~ 1% compressive strain-tuning with the root of such enhancement still being elusive. Using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), we investigate the magnetic excitations in infinite-layer PrNiO thin films grown on two different substrates, namely SrTiO (STO) and (LaAlO)(SrTaAlO) (LSAT) enforcing different strain on the nickelates films.

The Life Functioning Scale: A Measurement Tool Developed to Assess the Physical Functioning Abilities of Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 50 Years or Older.

Background: This study aimed to develop an instrument for assessing physical functioning among adults aged 50 years or older living in the community.

Methods: Based on a review of various national health surveys and cohort studies, a 144-item bank was constructed for assessing physical functioning. Focus group interviews were conducted among adults aged 50 years or older to investigate their level of understanding of 60 selected items, followed by a pretest of the items on a nationally representative sample (n=508).

Association between Physical Function, Mental Function and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

: This study examines the relationship between physical and mental function and frailty, independently and in conjunction with polypharmacy, among older adults. : This cross-sectional study consisted of 368 participants aged ≥60 years. The participants were categorized into either robust or frail groups using Fried's frailty phenotype.

Cloning, Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Lactate Dehydrogenase from : A Zoonotic Malaria Parasite.

is the only that causes zoonotic disease among the that cause infection in humans. It is fatal due to its short asexual growth cycle within 24 h. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an enzyme that catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, is a biomarker for diagnosing infection by spp.

Higher Genetic Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated With a Faster Decline of β-Cell Function in an East Asian Population.

Objective: While most genetic variants of type 2 diabetes (T2D) are suggested to be associated with β-cell dysfunction cross sectionally, their association with the longitudinal change of β-cell function remains largely unknown.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed data from 6,311 participants without T2D at baseline (mean [SD] age 51.6 [8.

Characterization of Strains for Novel Production of Lactate Dehydrogenase.

Malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide with high incidence and mortality. Among the five species that can infect humans, morphologically resembles , resulting in misidentification and confusion in diagnosis, and is responsible for malarial disease relapse due to the formation of hypnozoites. receives relatively less attention compared to other major parasites, such as and , primarily due to its lower pathogenicity, mortality rates, and prevalence rates.

Impact of Mobile Neurofeedback on Internet Addiction and Neurocognitive Function in Neurotypical Children: Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the positive impact of mobile neurofeedback (MNF) in neurotypical children compared to sham mobile neurofeedback.

Methods: Neurotypical children aged 10-15 participated in the study. All subjects were assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version Korean Version (K-SADS-PL-K) and confirmed to have no psychiatric symptoms.