Effects of Different Humeral Stem Length on Stem Alignment and Proximal Stress Shielding in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Background: Few comparative studies on the correlation between stem length, stem alignment, and/or stress shielding have been conducted in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). This study aimed to investigate the effects of different humeral stem lengths on stem alignment and proximal stress shielding after rTSA.

Methods: A total of 320 patients who underwent primary rTSA from October 2010 to May 2020 with at least 2 years of follow-up (mean follow-up: 32.

Poly(amic acid)-Polyimide Copolymer Interfacial Layers for Self-Powered CHNHPbI Photovoltaic Photodiodes.

Hybrid organohalide perovskites have received considerable attention due to their exceptional photovoltaic (PV) conversion efficiencies in optoelectronic devices. In this study, we report the development of a highly sensitive, self-powered perovskite-based photovoltaic photodiode (PVPD) fabricated by incorporating a poly(amic acid)-polyimide (PAA-PI) copolymer as an interfacial layer between a methylammonium lead iodide (CHNHPbI, MAPbI) perovskite light-absorbing layer and a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) hole injection layer. The PAA-PI interfacial layer effectively suppresses carrier recombination at the interfaces, resulting in a high power conversion efficiency () of 11.

Biomimetic 3D Prototyping of Hierarchically Porous Multilayered Membranes for Enhanced Oil-Water Filtration.

This study introduces a biomimetic approach to 3D printing multilayered hierarchical porous membranes (MHMs) using Direct Ink Writing (DIW) technology. Fabricated through a fast layer-by-layer printing process with varying concentrations of pore-forming agents, the produced MHMs mimic the hierarchical pore structure and filtration capabilities of natural soil systems. As a result, the 3D-printed MHMs achieved an impressive oil rejection rate of 99.

Clinical characteristics and autonomic balance in patients with burning mouth syndrome: A retrospective chart review.

This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) according to the low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio in the heart rate variability test and to evaluate the potential of the LF/HF ratio as an indicator for the diagnostic or predictive assessment of patients with BMS. A total of 469 patients with BMS who visited the Oral Diseases Clinic of Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022, were included in the study. The patients were asked to rate their tongue pain on a visual analog scale before and after treatment.

Development of a Standard Tool of Pattern Identification for Functional Dyspepsia: A Cross-Sectional Study from Korea.

Background/objective: The diagnosis and treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD) require a systematic and tailored approach. In traditional Korean medicine (TKM), pattern-identification tools help analyze clinical information and guide treatment. This study aimed to develop a Korean version of the standard tool of pattern identification for functional dyspepsia (STPI-FD) and subsequently assess its reliability and validity.

Herbal medicine for the treatment of non-erosive reflux disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is the most prevalent gastroesophageal reflux disease. Currently, proton pump inhibitors are the most commonly used treatment for NERD. Recently, the demand for herbal medicines with relatively few side effects is increasing and trials confirming the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines for the treatment of NERD have been conducted.

Antibiotic-Mediated Plasmonic Resonance on a Novel Nanopillar Metasurface Array.

This study demonstrates a silicon nanopillar metasurface coupled with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mediated by the presence of cephalexin antibiotics in solution for biosensing applications. A facile fabrication process was developed to create the metasurface on silicon wafers with a unique resonance signature. The resulting metasurface consists of periodic nanopillars approximately 180 nm in diameter, 210 nm deep, and with a controlled edge-to-edge separation of 200 nm.

Therapeutic Effects of on Intestinal Inflammation and Network Pharmacological Mechanism Analysis in a Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Mouse Model.

(1) Background: IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation leading to persistent symptoms and a lack of effective treatments. ZP () has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties for the management of intestinal disorders. (2) Methods: This study aimed to investigate the components of ZP, their specific targets, and associated diseases using the TCMSP (Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology) analysis platform, TCMBank database, and ETCM2.

Evolving epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in South Korea: incidence, prevalence, progression, and healthcare implications from 2010 to 2022.

Background/aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now the most common chronic liver worldwide, has become a significant public health concern. This study aims to analyze the evolving epidemiology of NAFLD in South Korea.

Methods: We utilized claim data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2010 to 2022 to analyze NAFLD's incidence, prevalence, and progression.

Extracellular Cleavage of Microglia-Derived Progranulin Promotes Diet-Induced Obesity.

Hypothalamic innate immune responses to dietary fats underpin the pathogenesis of obesity, in which microglia play a critical role. Progranulin (PGRN) is an evolutionarily conserved secretory protein containing seven and a half granulin (GRN) motifs. It is cleaved into GRNs by multiple proteases.

Interphase-Controlled Inkjet Printing of MicroInlaid OLEDs: Effects of Solvent- and Solute-Polymer Interactions.

Inkjet printing, a highly promising technique for the cost-effective fabrication of large-scale organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), typically necessitates the intricate alignment of precisely patterned insulating layers. Recently, we introduced a unique single-step inkjet printing process that produces well-patterned microinlaid spots of functional compounds through insulating polymer layers. This approach exploits lateral phase separation between the solute of functional compounds and the polymer, allowing the simultaneous spatial etching of the polymer and the infilling of the solute using a single inkjet-printed sessile droplet.

Effect of herbal medicine on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Traditionally, herbal medicines have been used to alleviate nausea and vomiting; however, a comprehensive clinical evaluation for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), especially after laparoscopic surgery, remains limited. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of herbal medicine as an alternative therapy to prevent and manage nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery compared with untreated, placebo, and Western medicine groups.

Methods: We searched 11 databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of herbal medicines on PONV after laparoscopic surgery on July 7, 2022.

The Perioperative Effects of Preoperative Radiotherapy in Metastatic Spinal Tumor Patients.

Objective: Radiotherapy is one of the important treatment options for metastatic spinal tumors but is not the definite intervention in all cases, as there are patients who still require surgical treatment because of severe pain or neurologic events after this treatment. We evaluated the perioperative effects of preoperative radiotherapy in these cases as a future guide for surgeons on critical considerations in this period.

Methods: We included 328 patients in this study who had undergone decompression and fusion surgery for metastatic spinal tumors.

Does Preoperative Radiation Therapy Performed for Metastatic Spine Cancer at the Cervical Spine Increase Perioperative Complications of Anterior Cervical Surgery?

Background: Radiation therapy (RT) performed before anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) may cause fascial plane fibrosis, decreased soft-tissue vascularity, and vertebral body weakness, which could increase the risk of esophageal and major vessel injuries, wound complications, and construct subsidence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative RT performed for metastatic spine cancer (MSC) at the cervical spine increases perioperative morbidity for ACSS.

Methods: Forty-nine patients who underwent ACSS for treatment of MSC at the cervical spine were retrospectively reviewed.

Hypothalamic astrocyte NAD salvage pathway mediates the coupling of dietary fat overconsumption in a mouse model of obesity.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) serves as a crucial coenzyme in numerous essential biological reactions, and its cellular availability relies on the activity of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-catalyzed salvage pathway. Here we show that treatment with saturated fatty acids activates the NAD salvage pathway in hypothalamic astrocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of this pathway mitigates hypothalamic inflammation and attenuates the development of obesity in male mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD).

Beneficial Effects of Low-Grade Mitochondrial Stress on Metabolic Diseases and Aging.

Mitochondria function as platforms for bioenergetics, nutrient metabolism, intracellular signaling, innate immunity regulators, and modulators of stem cell activity. Thus, the decline in mitochondrial functions causes or correlates with diabetes mellitus and many aging-related diseases. Upon stress or damage, the mitochondria elicit a series of adaptive responses to overcome stress and restore their structural integrity and functional homeostasis.

The influence of herbal medicine on serum motilin and its effect on human and animal model: a systematic review.

Motilin (MLN) is a gastrointestinal (GI) hormone produced in the upper small intestine. Its most well understood function is to participate in Phase III of the migrating myoelectric complex component of GI motility. Changes in MLN availability are associated with GI diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and functional dyspepsia.