A diagnostically useful histopathologic feature of endometrial polyp: the long axis of endometrial glands arranged parallel to surface epithelium.

We describe a histologic feature useful in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps, namely, the parallel arrangement of the endometrial glands' long axis to the surface epithelium (PGE). Polyps that are removed intact are usually easy to diagnose because of the polypoid appearance plus surface epithelium on all sides. In addition, there are thick-walled blood vessels and irregularly shaped glands.

Implantation site intermediate trophoblasts in placenta cretas.

Placenta cretas are defined as abnormal adherences or ingrowths of placental tissue, but their pathogenetic mechanism has not been fully explained. During histologic examination of postpartum uteri, we noticed that the number of implantation site intermediate trophoblasts was increased in the placental bed of placenta cretas. To validate our observation and to address the pathogenetic role of implantation site intermediate trophoblasts in placenta cretas, we examined postpartum uteri with placenta cretas (n=34) and noncretas (n=22), obtained from Cesarean or immediate postpartum hysterectomy specimens.

Phase II study of a multidisciplinary approach with induction chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection, radiation therapy, and consolidation chemotherapy for unresectable malignant thymomas: final report.

Purpose: To evaluate tumor resectability after induction chemotherapy and to determine disease-free and overall survival rates of patients with locally advanced unresectable thymoma that received a multimodal treatment regimen.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-two patients (9 men, 13 women) with histologically confirmed invasive thymoma were treated with a multidisciplinary regimen consisting of three courses of induction chemotherapy, surgical resection, and radiation therapy, followed by three courses of consolidation chemotherapy. The median age was 47 years (range, 25-70).

Synovial sarcoma of the kidney with rhabdoid features: report of three cases.

We report 3 cases of synovial sarcoma with rhabdoid features, initially diagnosed as adult rhabdoid tumors. Two women (case nos. 1 and 2, 35 years and 27 years of age, respectively) and one man (case no.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the gallbladder.

Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/ PNET) most commonly occurs in the soft tissues of the extremities and the paravertebral areas. To our knowledge, no case of PNET has been reported in the gallbladder to date. We report a case of PNET of the gallbladder occurring in a 53-year-old woman.

Carcinoid tumor arising in a tailgut cyst of the anorectal junction with distant metastasis: a case report and review of the literature.

Tailgut cyst is a rare congenital presacral lesion and is believed to arise from the persistent remnants of the postanal gut. Malignancy occurring in a tailgut cyst is extremely rare, and to our knowledge only 5 cases of carcinoid tumor arising in a tailgut cyst have been reported in the literature to date. We report a sixth case of carcinoid tumor arising in a tailgut cyst.

Transitional cell metaplasia and ectopic prostatic tissue in the uterine cervix and vagina in a patient with adrenogenital syndrome: report of a case suggesting a possible role of androgen in the histogenesis.

A case of extensive transitional cell metaplasia (TCM) and ectopic prostatic tissue was encountered in the uterine cervix and vagina of a 23-year-old woman with the adrenogenital syndrome. A previously described case of ectopic prostatic tissue in the cervix in a patient with female pseudohermaphroditism and our case suggest that prolonged androgen stimulation plays a role in the development of prostatic tissue. Similarly, the occurrence of TCM in the perimenopausal and postmenopausal periods when the ovaries secrete androgens, in female transsexuals treated with androgens, and in our patient with high endogenous androgen levels suggest that androgen has a major role in the histogenesis of TCM.

Triple synchronous neoplasms in one kidney: report of a case and review of the literature.

We report the case of a patient with three synchronous but histologically different primary renal tumors that were all in the same kidney. Two tumors were different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and the third was a variant form of angiomyolipoma. The patient was a 62-year-old man who was receiving antihypertensive drugs and came to our hospital for a regular check-up.

Trastuzumab in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine in patients with Her2-overexpressing, untreated, advanced non-small cell lung cancer: report of a phase II trial and findings regarding optimal identification of patients with Her2-overexpressing disease.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of trastuzumab plus cisplatin and gemcitabine in patients with Her2-overexpressing stages IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to study the relationship between results from the two methods for determining levels of Her2 overexpression. Chemonaive patients were eligible if they had stages IIIB or IV NSCLC with either a Her2 score of at least 1+ by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis or a serum Her2 shed antigen level of at least 15 ng/ml by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Treatment consisted of cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) day one plus gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) days one and eight plus trastuzumab 4 mg/kg day one and 2 mg/kg weekly thereafter on a 21-day cycle for six cycles followed by weekly maintenance trastuzumab therapy.

Risk-adapted treatment for patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumor of the testis.

Objectives: To evaluate whether two courses of chemotherapy after orchiectomy in patients with clinical Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumor at high risk of relapse will spare patients additional chemotherapy or surgery.

Methods: High-risk patients had one or more of the following: preorchiectomy alpha-fetoprotein level of 80 ng/dL or greater, 80% embryonal cell carcinoma or greater, or vessel invasion in the primary tumor. Low-risk patients had none of these factors or had 50% teratoma or more without vessel invasion.

Carcinoma of lung with rhabdoid features.

Lung tumors with rhabdoid features, included as variants of large cell carcinoma in the 1999 World Health Organization classification of lung tumors, are rare and have an aggressive clinical course. We report 11 patients with primary lung tumors with rhabdoid features and review the literature on this uncommon tumor. We examined samples from 7 primary (6 resections, 1 biopsy) and 4 metastatic tumor samples.

Basaloid carcinoma of the lung: a really dismal histologic variant?

Background: Basaloid carcinoma of the lung has been reported as an uncommon and highly aggressive form of nonsmall cell lung cancers. Even in stage I and II of basaloid carcinoma, a 5-year survival rate of only 15% has been reported and it has been suggested that different treatment modalities for basaloid carcinoma should be considered. The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic implications of a basaloid carcinoma of the lung.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the uterus: immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and molecular study.

A case of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor of the uterus is reported, occurring in a 32-year-old woman. The tumor (8.0 cm in dimension) showed exophytic growth from the outer half of the myometrium.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder with a rhabdoid tumor component.

We report the case of a sarcomatoid carcinoma with a rhabdoid tumor component originating in the gallbladder, along with immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings. A 61-year-old woman presented with a 5-month history of right upper quadrant pain. Ultrasonography and a computed tomographic scan indicated gallbladder cancer.

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in paired neoplastic and non-neoplastic primary prostate cell cultures and prostatectomy specimen.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule for ischemia, inflammation, angiogenesis, immune response, and cell growth and differentiation. It has recently been shown that increased production of NO within various human cancers may contribute to tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis, and tumor-related immune suppression. NO can be produced by several NO synthases (NOS), including inducible synthase (iNOS), which is expressed during cell activation and produces NO in larger quantity and for a longer period of time than non-inducible NOSs.

Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with prominent signet ring cell features mimicking metastatic adenocarcinoma.

We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with persistent dry cough and was initially treated for pneumonia without much improvement. Computed tomography of the chest showed a 2.5 cm poorly marginated right infrahilar opacity and multiple ill-defined ground glass opacities scattered throughout the lungs.

Localized amyloidosis of seminal vesicle and vas deferens: report of two cases.

We reported localized amyloidosis involving seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia, which was found in two patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma. A 60-yr-old (Case 1) and a 59-yr-old (Case 2) man came to our hospital with elevation of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and biopsy proven carcinoma, respectively. MRI revealed multiple irregular foci of low signal intensity in the prostates as well as in both seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia on T2-weighted imaging, suggesting prostatic carcinoma with extension to both seminal vesicles and vasa deferentia in both cases.

Thymic carcinoma with rhabdoid features.

A case of thymic carcinoma with rhabdoid differentiation is presented. A 67-year-old man who presented with chest pain and hemoptysis was referred to The University of Texas M. D.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the carotid artery: radiologic findings.

The radiologic appearance of inflammatory pseudotumor in the two cases presented was a fusiform mass surrounding the carotid bifurcation. The masses showed an avascular mass with focal narrowing of the carotid bifurcation on carotid arteriography, a homogeneous hypoechoic mass on ultrasound, less enhancement on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and relatively intense enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging.

Intramucosal Helicobacter pylori in the human and murine stomach: its relationship to the inflammatory reaction in human Helicobacter pylori gastritis.

Intramucosal Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been described in biopsy tissues and culture systems. However, the association of intramucosal H.

Epidermal growth factor receptor, cyclooxygenase-2, and BAX expression in the primary non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases.

Purpose: The purpose is to identify biological markers that predict brain metastasis and treatment outcome in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Experimental Design: Samples were obtained from the primary tumors, lymph nodes, and brain metastases of 29 patients with NSCLC who had undergone resection of both the pulmonary tumors and the brain lesions. Samples from 29 patients matched for age, sex, and histology whose pulmonary tumors were resected served as controls.

Expression of DNA methyltransferases in multistep hepatocarcinogenesis.

Hypermethylation of cell cycle regulators and increased DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) mRNA level have been reported in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the expression of Dnmts has not yet been examined in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). We examined 13 cases of HCCs in dysplastic nodules (DNs) and 28 cases of advanced HCCs for Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a, and compared the results with those of 9 cases of low-grade DNs, 24 cases of high-grade DNs, and 59 cases of nonneoplastic liver tissues from 59 cases of surgically resected livers by immunohistochemical staining.

Profile of methylated CpG sites of hMLH1 promoter in primary gastric carcinoma with microsatellite instability.

A recent study using colorectal cancer cell lines has identified methylation on a small region of hMLH1 promoter (-248 to -178 relative to the transcription start site) to be critical for gene silencing, but shown that methylation on a more upstream region is frequent in cell lines with hMLH1 expression. Because cultured cell lines have a higher degree of CpG methylation than primary tumors, we attempted to examine methylation profiles of CpG sites of hMLH1 promoter in primary gastric carcinomas with or without microsatellite instability (MSI). Seven cases with MSI and six cases without MSI were assessed for the methylation status of hMLH1 promoter by bisulfite-sequencing.