Intraoperative Oxygenation and Microcirculatory Changes Following Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: An Exploratory Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: The effect of perioperative hyperoxia on microcirculation after cardiac surgery remains inconclusive. We evaluated the relationship between intraoperative fractional inspired oxygen and microcirculation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).

Design: Exploratory secondary analysis of a multicenter cluster-randomized trial.

Effect of individualized versus conventional perioperative blood pressure management on postoperative major complications in high-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: study protocol for the SPROUT-4 multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Intraoperative hypotension is very common during surgery and is linked to major organ dysfunction and mortality. Current perioperative blood pressure management is largely based on universal blood pressure thresholds ranging from a mean arterial pressure of 60-70 mmHg. However, the effectiveness of this conventional management remains unproven in prospective randomized trials.

Impact of Perioperative Pulmonary Artery Catheter Use on Clinical Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Evidence on the effectiveness of pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) in cardiac surgery is scarce.

Research Question: Does perioperative PAC use decrease 1-year all-cause mortality in patients undergoing cardiac surgery?

Study Design And Methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study included all adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery in Korea between January 2011 and December 2020 using a Korean health insurance claim database. We compared the primary outcome, the risk of 1-year all-cause mortality, between patients with and without perioperative use of PACs (PAC and no-PAC groups, respectively) using logistic regression analysis after stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Comparison of two different preload targets of stroke volume variation during kidney transplantation: a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Maintaining adequate preload during kidney transplantation (KT) is important for graft function. We evaluated whether a high or low normal target for a dynamic preload index of stroke volume variation (SVV) would impact graft function during living donor KT.

Methods: We compared haemodynamic management algorithms using two different targets of SVV: SVV6% group (n = 30) versus SVV12% group (n = 30).

Predictive Performances of ACEF, ACEF II, Updated ACEF II, and EuroSCORE II Risk Scores in Patients Undergoing Isolated Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Objectives: This study evaluated the performances of the age, creatinine, and ejection fraction (ACEF) I and II scores and compare them with that of the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II score in patients who underwent isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Additionally, this study was designed to externally validate the performance of the updated ACEF II score.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Early postoperative fever as a predictor of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a single-center retrospective observational study.

Background: The connection between early postoperative fever and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this association and assess the predictive value of early postoperative fever for CR-POPF.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included adult patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at a tertiary teaching hospital between 2007 and 2019.

Effect of remimazolam versus propofol on hypotension after anesthetic induction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: There is scarce evidence on the hemodynamic stability of remimazolam during anesthetic induction in patients with significant coronary artery disease. This study aims to compare the effects of remimazolam and propofol on post-induction hypotension in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Clinical Factors Affecting Discrepancy Between Predicted and Long-term Actual Lung Function Following Surgery.

Purpose: Lung cancer surgery outcomes depend heavily on preoperative pulmonary reserve, with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) being a critical preoperative evaluation factor. Our study investigates the discrepancies between predicted and long-term actual postoperative lung function, focusing on clinical factors affecting these outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective observational study encompassed lung cancer patients who underwent preoperative lung perfusion SPECT/CT between 2015 and 2021.

Comparison between head rotation and standard techniques for i-gel™ insertion: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study evaluated the effect of head rotation on the first-attempt success rate of i-gel insertion, aiming to alleviate the effect of gravity on the tongue and reduce resistance between the device and the tongue.

Methods: Adult surgical patients were randomized to standard and head rotation technique groups. In the head rotation technique group, patients' heads were maximally rotated to the left before i-gel insertion.

Association Between Individualized Versus Conventional Blood Glucose Thresholds and Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Objectives: This study was designed to compare individualized and conventional hyperglycemic thresholds for the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery.

Design: This was an observational study.

Setting: The study took place in a single-center tertiary teaching hospital.

Volatile Anesthetic Use Versus Total Intravenous Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Surgery: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background: Many studies have suggested that volatile anesthetic use may improve postoperative outcomes after cardiac surgery compared to total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) owing to its potential cardioprotective effect. However, the results were inconclusive, and few studies have included patients undergoing heart valve surgery.

Methods: This nationwide population-based study included all adult patients who underwent heart valve surgery between 2010 and 2019 in Korea based on data from a health insurance claim database.

Preoperative COVID-19 and Postoperative Mortality in Cancer Surgery: A South Korean Nationwide Study.

Background: We evaluated the impact of preoperative COVID-19 on early postoperative mortality in patients undergoing time-sensitive cancer surgery.

Methods: This retrospective, nationwide cohort study included adult patients who underwent various cancer (thyroid, breast, stomach, colorectal, hepatobiliary, genitourinary, lung, and multiple cancer) surgeries under general anesthesia in South Korea in 2022. Patients were grouped according to the duration from the date of COVID-19 confirmation to the date of surgery (0-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks, 5-6 weeks, and ≥7 weeks).

Remimazolam-flumazenil provides fast recovery from general anesthesia compared to propofol during radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.

The optimal anesthetic agent for radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its impact on the recovery profiles remain uncertain. We compared the recovery and hemodynamic parameters between the remimazolam-flumazenil and propofol groups during RFCA. Patients were randomized into the remimazolam-flumazenil and propofol groups.

Intraoperative Normal Saline Administration and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation.

Background: Normal saline is still used in patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) with normonatremia. We investigated whether the normal saline administered during LDLT is associated with the increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared with the balanced crystalloids.

Methods: We reviewed 1011 cases undergoing LDLT.

The impact of preoperative coronavirus disease 19 infection on early postoperative mortality during the vaccination era: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Background: We aimed to investigate the optimal surgical timing in patients with preoperative coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection to minimize postoperative morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 vaccination era.

Methods: The Korean nationwide data on patients who underwent standard surgery under general anesthesia in 2021 were analyzed. Patients were categorized based on the time from COVID-19 diagnosis to surgery: 0-4, 5-8, > 8 weeks, and those without preoperative COVID-19 infection.

Comparison of recovery profiles between total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol or remimazolam reversed with flumazenil in patients undergoing breast surgery: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Remimazolam, a short acting benzodiazepine, is being used for general anaesthesia. The results of studies comparing recovery after propofol with that of remimazolam are inconsistent. Given that flumazenil reverses the sedative effects of remimazolam, we hypothesised that it would speed up recovery from remimazolam general anaesthesia.

Pulmonary artery catheter monitoring versus arterial waveform-based monitoring during liver transplantation: a retrospective cohort study.

Although pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) has been used during liver transplantation surgery, the usefulness of PAC has rarely been investigated. We evaluated whether the use of PAC is associated with better clinical outcomes compared to arterial waveform-based monitoring after liver transplantation. A total of 1565 cases undergoing liver transplantation were reviewed.

The effect of high perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction for abdominal surgery on surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Guidelines from the World Health Organization strongly recommend the use of a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) in adult patients undergoing general anesthesia to reduce surgical site infection (SSI). However, previous meta-analyses reported inconsistent results. We aimed to address this controversy by focusing specifically on abdominal surgery with relatively high risk of SSI.

Effects of low versus high inspired oxygen fraction on myocardial injury after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Oxygen therapy is used in various clinical situation, but its clinical outcomes are inconsistent. The relationship between the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and clinical outcomes has not been well studied. We investigated the association of FIO2 (low vs.

Effects of intraoperative inspired oxygen fraction (FiO 0.3 vs 0.8) on patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: the CARROT multicenter, cluster-randomized trial.

Background: To maintain adequate oxygenation is of utmost importance in intraoperative care. However, clinical evidence supporting specific oxygen levels in distinct surgical settings is lacking. This study aimed to compare the effects of 30% and 80% oxygen in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).