Effects of Hot Water Extract and Oregonin on Muscle Loss and Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Murine Skeletal Muscle Cells.

Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function, increases in mortality rate, and risk of comorbidities in the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of hot water extract (AJHW) and its active compound, oregonin, on muscle atrophy and apoptosis in vitro. AJHW underwent phytochemical analysis.

Anti-osteoporotic effects of gum resin extract and .

Background/objectives: This study evaluated the beneficial effects of an ethanol extract of gum resin (FJH-UBS) in osteoporosis.

Materials/methods: MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells and RAW 264.7 osteoclastic cells were treated with FJH-UBS.

Evaluating the Anti-Osteoarthritis Potential of Standardized Gum Resin Extract in Alleviating Knee Joint Pathology and Inflammation in Osteoarthritis-Induced Models.

Osteoarthritis is a widespread chronic degenerative disease marked by the deterioration of articular cartilage, modifications in subchondral bone, and a spectrum of symptoms, including pain, stiffness, and disability. Ultimately, this condition impairs the patient's quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of standardized gum resin extract (BSRE) in a rat model of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis.

Aqueous extract of leaf accelerates the alcohol metabolism and prevents liver damage in single-ethanol binge rats.

Background/objectives: Excessive alcohol consumption has harmful health effects, including alcohol hangovers and alcohol-related liver disease. Therefore, methods to accelerate the alcohol metabolism are needed. is a spice, flavoring agent, and traditional herbal medicine against various diseases.

Miller fruit extract exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by activating the AMPK signaling pathway.

Background/objectives: The fruit of Miller (COM) is used traditionally in Mediterranean region medicine to prevent or treat obesity, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Beyond a demonstrated anti-obesity effect, the fruit was tested for the mechanism of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.

Materials/methods: 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured for 8 days with COM fruit extract (COME) at different concentrations (0-600 µg/mL) with adipocyte differentiation medium.

Extract Exerts an Anti-Obesity Effect in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6N Mice by Inhibiting Pancreatic Lipase-Mediated Fat Absorption.

is well known as a source of polysaccharides that could improve human health. The objective of this study was to explore the anti-obesity effect of extract (ABE), abundant in polysaccharides, and its underlying mechanism. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in vitro was determined after treatment with ABE and chitosan.

Peanut sprout tea extract inhibits lung metastasis of 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells by suppressing the crosstalk between cancer cells and macrophages in BALB/c mice.

Background/objectives: As peanuts germinate, the content of the components beneficial to health, such as resveratrol, increases within the peanut sprout. This study examined whether the ethanol extract of peanut sprout tea (PSTE) inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis.

Materials/methods: After orthotopically injecting 4T1 cells into BALB/c mice to induce breast cancer, 0, 30, or 60 mg/kg body weight/day of PSTE was administered orally.

Protective effects of red orange ( [L.] Osbeck [Rutaceae]) extract against UVA-B radiation-induced photoaging in Skh:HR-2 mice.

Background/objectives: The skin is the outermost organ of the human body and plays a protective role against external environmental damages, such as sunlight and pollution, which affect anti-oxidant defenses and skin inflammation, resulting in erythema or skin reddening, immunosuppression, and epidermal DNA damage.

Materials/methods: The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of red orange complex H extract (ROC) against ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin photoaging in Skh:HR-2 mice. ROC was orally administered at doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks, along with UV irradiation of the mice for 10 weeks.

Antiphotoaging Effect of AGEs Blocker™ in UVB-Irradiated Cells and Skh:HR-1 Hairless Mice.

Chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major cause of photoaging. It involves extrinsic aging, wrinkle formation, and skin dehydration, and leads to excessive production of active oxygen that adversely affects the skin. Here, we investigated the antiphotoaging effect of AGEs Blocker (AB), which comprises Korean mint aerial part and fig and goji berry fruits.

Immune-enhancing effect of hydrolyzed and fermented extract in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed BALB/c mice.

Background/objectives: The immunomodulatory effect of (PG) has been reported, but studies on its mechanism are still lacking. This study was undertaken to confirm whether the hydrolyzed and fermented PG extract (HFPGE) obtained by adding hydrolysis and fermentation to the extraction process has an immune-enhancing effect in the system.

Materials/methods: Five-week-old BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups: normal control group (NOR), control group (CON), 150 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day HFPGE-treated group (T150), and 300 mg/kg BW/day HFPGE-treated group (T300).

Effects of MG5346 on Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Ligand (RANKL)-Induced Osteoclastogenesis and Ligature-Induced Experimental Periodontitis Rats.

Effects of culture supernatants of MG5346 (CS-MG5346) on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis were examined. CS-MG5346 treatment up to 400 μg/mL significantly reduced tartrate-resistant acid-phosphatase (TRAP) activity, the phenotype biomarker of osteoclast, without affecting cell viability. CS-MG5346 inhibited the expression of osteoclast specific transcriptional factors (c-fos and nuclear factor-activated T cells c1) and their target genes (, , ) in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.

Immunostimulatory activity of hydrolyzed and fermented extract occurs via the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells.

Background/objectives: (PG) has long been known as a medicinal herb effective in various diseases, including bronchitis and asthma, but is still more widely used for food. Fermentation methods are being applied to increase the pharmacological composition of PG extracts and commercialize them with high added value. This study examines the hydrolyzed and fermented PG extract (HFPGE) fermented with in RAW 264.

extract and its active component gypenoside L improve the exercise performance of treadmill-trained mice.

Background/objectives: The effectiveness of natural compounds in improving athletic ability has attracted attention in both sports and research. (Thunb.) leaves are used to make traditional herbal medicines in Asia.

extract and Gypenoside L enhance skeletal muscle differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism by activating the PGC-1α pathway in C2C12 myotubes.

Background/objectives: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) has a central role in regulating muscle differentiation and mitochondrial metabolism. PGC-1α stimulates muscle growth and muscle fiber remodeling, concomitantly regulating lactate and lipid metabolism and promoting oxidative metabolism. (Thumb.

Effects of MG5246 on inflammatory markers in lipopolysaccharide-sensitized human gingival fibroblasts and periodontitis rat model.

This study investigated the effects of MG5246 on periodontitis inflammation. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) prepared from MG5246 decreased prostaglandin E2 production and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression by 60% and 78% in -lipopolysaccharide stimulated human gingival fibroblasts at 400 μg/mL. Gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinases, and chemokines were significantly downregulated by CFS treatment ( < 0.

Aqueous extract of leaves promotes osteoblast differentiation via up-regulation of Runx2 and Osterix in MC3T3-E1 cells.

Background/objectives: Maxim () has been used as an edible and medicinal plant and contains many bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of on osteogenesis.

Materials/methods: The leaves and stems of were separated and extracted with hot water or ethanol, respectively.

Anti-inflammatory activity of palmitoylethanolamide ameliorates osteoarthritis induced by monosodium iodoacetate in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Novel treatment strategies are urgently required for osteoarthritis (OA). Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a naturally occurring fatty acid amide with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to examine its effect on OA and elucidate the molecular mechanism of actions in monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA Sprague-Dawley rats.

Extract Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Chronic Periodontitis Animal Model by Suppression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines.

Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract from brown algae was analyzed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1), the most abundant cells in gingival tissue. The gene expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6 were decreased by 78 and 50%, respectively, at 100 μg/mL extract (ECE) treatment.

Effects of Probiotic Culture Supernatant on Cariogenic Biofilm Formation and RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

Postbiotics are a promising functional ingredient that can overcome the limitations of viability and storage stability that challenge the production of probiotics. To evaluate the effects of postbiotics on oral health, eight spent culture supernatants (SCSs) of probiotics were prepared, and the effects of SCSs on -induced cariogenic biofilm formation and the receptor activator of the nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis were evaluated in RAW 264.7 macrophages.

Toxicodendron vernicifluum Stokes extract inhibits solid tumor growth and lung metastasis of 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells in BALB/c mice.

Toxicodendron vernicifluum Stokes has long been used as a food supplement and traditional herbal medicine in East Asia. We applied a new extraction method to produce Toxicodendron vernicifluum Stokes extract (TVSE), that doesn't contain urushiol (an allergenic toxin) but dose have higher levels of some flavonoids such as fustin and fisetin. This study was conducted to investigate the anticancer effects of TVSE in an in vivo system.

Stokes extract suppresses migration and invasion in human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells.

Background/objectives: Many studies have suggested that Stokes (RVS) and its extract are anticancer agents. However, RVS had limited use because it contains urushiol, an allergenic toxin. By improving an existing allergen-removal extraction method, we developed a new allergen-free Stokes extract (RVSE) with higher flavonoid content.

Comparative Analysis of Aerotolerance, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence Gene Prevalence in Isolates from Retail Raw Chicken and Duck Meat in South Korea.

Human infections with are primarily associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry meat. In this study, we isolated from retail raw chicken and duck meat in Korea and compared their aerotolerance, antibiotic resistance, and virulence gene prevalence. Whereas isolates from chicken dominantly belonged to multilocus sequence typing (MLST) clonal complex (CC)-21, CC-45 is the common MLST sequence type in duck meat isolates.