Hydrolyzed cow colostrum extract (BCFM) inhibits alpha-MSH-induced melanogenesis in B16F1 cells via regulation of the MC1R-cAMP signaling pathway.

Cow colostrum is the first milk produced after birth and is a rich natural source of nutrients, immunoglobulins, peptides, and growth factors. The bioconversion of milk and whey changes the immobilization and biochemical characterization. However, the cellular mechanism and the anti-melanin synthesis effects of hydrolyzed cow colostrum extract (BCFM) in alpha-MSH-induced B16F1 cells have not been examined.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the southern painted turtle (, Testudines: Emydidae) in Korea.

The complete mitochondrial genome of in Korea was sequenced and characterized. The mitochondrial genome is 17,258 bp in length and the GC content is 39%. It is constituted of 37 genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a noncoding region.

The Donut DIEP Flap: A Novel Scarless Technique.

Deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap surgery is a common technique for breast reconstruction. However, the long and noticeable abdominal scar is one of its greatest disadvantages. Here, the authors suggest a minimal scarring DIEP flap harvest with a novel abdominal design.

Age Group Classification of Dental Radiography without Precise Age Information Using Convolutional Neural Networks.

Automatic age estimation using panoramic dental radiographic images is an important procedure for forensics and personal oral healthcare. The accuracies of the age estimation have increased recently with the advances in deep neural networks (DNN), but DNN requires large sizes of the labeled dataset which is not always available. This study examined whether a deep neural network is able to estimate tooth ages when precise age information is not given.

Prophylactic intraoperative wound irrigation with antibiotic solution for the prevention of surgical incisional wound infections: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is no consensus on the use of prophylactic intraoperative wound irrigation (pIOWI) for reducing surgical-site infections (SSIs), particularly surgical incisional wounds, and opinions are divided on whether an antibiotic should be mixed with the solution used for incisional wound irrigation. No large, reliable cohort studies or meta-analyses of pIOWI for surgical incisional wounds were found in PubMed or Embase.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Insight, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for primary research articles investigating the relevance of pIOWI with antibiotics for SSIs.

Late reconstruction of post-traumatic enophthalmos and hypoglobus using three-dimensional implants: a case series.

Post-traumatic enophthalmos and hypoglobus are common sequelae of facial bone fractures, even after reduction surgery. They are associated with functional and esthetic issues, which may lower the quality of life. These deformities frequently present late, and adequate correction is difficult.

Cranioplasty and temporal hollowing correction with a three-dimensional printed bioresorbable mesh and double vertical suture anchor muscle sling: a case report.

Postoperative temporal hollowing is a common complication of craniotomy. Damage and repositioning of the temporalis muscle can lead to a depression in the temporal side of the skull with inferior bulging, worsening aesthetic outcomes. We report a case of cranioplasty with three-dimensional (3D) printed mesh involving an additional correction using a temporalis muscle sling to help address this problem.

Risk assessment for the native anurans from an alien invasive species, American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus), in South Korea.

The invasive species are of global concern, and the Invasive American Bullfrog (IAB; Lithobates catesbeianus) is one of the worst invasive amphibian species worldwide. Like other countries, South Korea is also facing challenges from IAB. Although many studies indicated impacts of IAB on native anurans in Korea, the actual risk at the specific level is yet to evaluate.

Hydrogel Stamping for Rapid, Multiplexed, Point-of-Care Immunostaining of Cells and Tissues.

In the era of precision oncology, multicolor fluorescence imaging has become a core technology for multiplexed molecular analysis of cellular and tissue specimens. However, conventional solution-based staining is labor-intensive and time-consuming and requires considerable expertise to yield optimal results, which creates difficulties for employing this technology in resource-limited settings. Here, we report a new immunostaining method based on hydrogel stamping, which is simple, fast, easy to use, and reproducible.

The Role of HS124 on the Control of Fall Webworm ( Drury) and Growth Promotion of Canadian Poplar ( Moench) at Saemangeum Reclaimed Land in Korea.

Moench forests established in Saemangeum-reclaimed land have been invaded by Drury, causing defoliation and stunted growth. This study investigated the biocontrol potential of cuticle degrading chitinase and protease secreted by HS124 against larvae. In addition, HS124 was examined for indole-3-acetic acid phytohormone production for plant growth promotion.

Robotic DIEP Flap Harvest through a Totally Extraperitoneal Approach Using a Single-Port Surgical Robotic System.

Deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap surgery is one of the most common techniques for breast reconstruction using abdominal tissue. Although the DIEP flap reduces donor-site morbidity when compared with the conventional free transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap, violation of the anterior rectus sheath, rectus muscle, and motor nerves cannot be avoided. To further minimize tissue damage in the donor site, the use of a surgical robotic system for DIEP flap harvest with a totally extraperitoneal approach has been suggested.

CE 100 Inhibits Root Rot Diseases ( spp.) and Promotes Growth of Japanese Cypress ( Endlicher) Seedlings.

Root rot diseases, caused by phytopathogenic oomycetes, spp. cause devastating losses involving forest seedlings, such as Japanese cypress ( Endlicher) in Korea. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a promising strategy to control root rot diseases and promote growth in seedlings.

Hydrogel-Based Stamping Technology for Solution-Free Blood Cell Staining.

An accurate microscopical analysis of blood smears requires a reproducible and convenient method of staining. Solution-based staining procedures can be cumbersome. Especially in low- and middle-income countries, the lack of skilled technicians and adequate laboratory facilities, as well as insufficient water and reagent quality, often become confounding factors.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Cumberland slider ( Testudienes: Emydidae) in Korea.

The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of was sequenced and was characterized, which comprised 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs) and a non-coding control region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the full mt genome indicated that was more closely related to from Canada than to from China or fom China. This is the first complete mt genome from , which provides data for further study of phylogeny in Emydidae.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the distinct red-eared slider ( ssp., Testudines: Emydidae) in Korea.

The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of ssp. in Korea was sequenced and characterized. The mt genome is constituted of 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and 2 ribosomal RNA genes) and a control region.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the Small Salamander in Korea, (Anura: Hynobiidae).

The complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of was sequenced and characterized. The circular mt genome constituted of 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and 2 ribosomal RNAs) and a non-coding region (NCR). Phylogenetic analysis based on the full mt genome sequences confirmed that was closely related to rather than other species.

Effect of induced hyperopia on fall risk and Fourier transformation of postural sway.

Background And Purpose: Fall accidents are a social challenge in Korea and elsewhere. Most previous studies have focused on the effects of reduced visual acuity due to myopia on falls and body balance. The objective of this study was to investigate whether uncorrected hyperopia was a major risk factor for falls and to establish whether the risk of falls was absolutely correlated with visual acuity.

A universal ultrasound diagnostic system developed to support urology and coloproctological applications.

In this study, we sought to describe a novel imaging apparatus that is lightweight, inexpensive, and highly effective for use in colorectal diagnostic and treatment settings. Typical probes for use in colorectal ultrasonic imaging applications are developed for surgeons to diagnose and stage rectal tumors and image the rectum and anus. Here we outline a new technique and use it for colorectal imaging in an animal.

Patient fibroblasts-derived induced neurons demonstrate autonomous neuronal defects in adult-onset Krabbe disease.

Krabbe disease (KD) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by defective β-galactosylceramidase (GALC), a lysosomal enzyme responsible for cleavage of several key substrates including psychosine. Accumulation of psychosine to the cytotoxic levels in KD patients is thought to cause dysfunctions in myelinating glial cells based on a comprehensive study of demyelination in KD. However, recent evidence suggests myelin-independent neuronal death in the murine model of KD, thus indicating defective GALC in neurons as an autonomous mechanism for neuronal cell death in KD.

Neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of bamboo salt soy sauce against HO-induced oxidative stress in rat cortical neurons.

Bamboo salt (BS) and soy sauce (SS) are traditional foods in Asia, which contain antioxidants that have cytoprotective effects on the body. The majority of SS products contain high levels of common salt, consumption of which has been associated with numerous detrimental effects on the body. However, BS may be considered a healthier substitute to common salt.

Comparison of computed tomography findings between renal oncocytomas and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas.

Purpose: To investigate and distinguish the computed tomography (CT) characteristics of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) and renal oncocytoma.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-one patients with renal oncocytoma and 120 patients with chRCC, diagnosed by surgery between November 2005 and June 2015, were studied retrospectively. Two observers, who were urologists and unaware of the pathological results, reviewed the preoperative CT images.

Influence of pH and Surface Chemistry on Poly(L-lysine) Adsorption onto Solid Supports Investigated by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring.

Poly(L-lysine) (PLL) adsorption onto various materials has been widely applied as a surface modification strategy and layer-by-layer fabrication method. Considering the role of electrostatic charges, a detailed understanding of the influence of solution pH on PLL adsorption process is important for optimization of PLL coating protocols. Herein, PLL adsorption onto different polar and hydrophilic substrates—silica, an amine-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold, and a carboxyl-terminated SAM on gold—across a range of pH conditions was investigated using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation.

Elucidating how bamboo salt interacts with supported lipid membranes: influence of alkalinity on membrane fluidity.

Bamboo salt is a traditional medicine produced from sea salt. It is widely used in Oriental medicine and is an alkalizing agent with reported antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic properties. Notwithstanding, linking specific molecular mechanisms with these properties has been challenging to establish in biological systems.

Adsorption of hyaluronic acid on solid supports: role of pH and surface chemistry in thin film self-assembly.

Owing to its biocompatibility, resistance to biofouling, and desirable physicochemical and biological properties, hyaluronic acid (HA) has been widely used to modify the surface of various materials. The role of various physicochemical factors in HA adsorption remains, however, to be clarified. Herein, we employed quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) in order to investigate HA adsorption at different pH conditions onto three substrates-silicon oxide, amine-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold, and carboxylic acid-terminated SAM on gold.