Méary's angle decoded: 3D analysis of first ray plantarflexion deformity in Charcot-marie-tooth disease.

Background: The typical cavovarus deformity seen in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) involves plantarflexion of the first ray. The exact apex of the deformity has never been proven, although it is presumed to be within the medial cuneiform. The aim of this study was to utilize weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT) to localize and quantify first ray plantarflexion deformity in CMT patients.

Platelet-rich plasma protects hippocampal neurons and memory functions in a rat model of vascular dementia.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a promising biomaterial rich in bioactive growth factors, offering potential as a therapeutic agent for various diseases. However, its effectiveness in central nervous system disorders like vascular dementia (VaD) remains underexplored. This study investigated the potential of PRP to mitigate VaD progression .

Effects of high tibial osteotomy on the coronal, sagittal, and axial alignments of the ankle joint.

Background: No comprehensive study has been conducted on the effects of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) on the coronal, sagittal, and axial alignments of the ankle joint. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the multiplane changes in the ankle joint following HTO using the EOS biplanar X-ray imaging system.

Methods: The medical records of 43 patients who underwent HTO for the treatment of medial knee osteoarthritis were retrospectively reviewed.

3D Analysis of Joint-Sparing Charcot-Marie-Tooth Surgery Effect on Initial Standing Foot Alignment.

Background: The complex deformities in cavovarus feet of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease are difficult to evaluate. The aim of this study was to quantify the initial standing alignment correction achieved after joint-sparing CMT cavovarus reconstruction using pre- and postoperative weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT).

Methods: Twenty-nine CMT cavovarus reconstructions were retrospectively analyzed.

Fracture gap and working length are important actionable factors affecting bone union after minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for the treatment of simple diaphyseal or distal metaphyseal tibia fractures.

Introduction: Indirect reduction of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) can often result in delayed union in tibia fractures. This study evaluated several factors in MIPO in relation to bone union.

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the fracture gap, plate - tibia distance, or working length would have a substantial effect on the tibia union rate.

Coronal and sagittal alignment of ankle joint is significantly affected by high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: Changes in coronal and sagittal alignment of the knee joint after HTO have been reported in several previous studies. However, only few of them investigated the changes only on coronal alignment of the ankle joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in both coronal and sagittal alignment of the ankle joint after HTO.

A Comparative Analysis of Pain Control Methods after Ankle Fracture Surgery with a Peripheral Nerve Block: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Prospective Study.

: Patients experience severe pain after surgical correction of ankle fractures. Although their exact mechanism is unknown, dexamethasone and epinephrine increase the analgesic effect of anesthetics in peripheral nerve blocks. This study aimed to compare the postoperative pain control efficacy of peripheral nerve blocks with ropivacaine combined with dexamethasone/epinephrine and peripheral nerve blocks with only ropivacaine and added patient-controlled analgesia in patients with ankle fractures.

Use of a comprehensive systemic ultrasound evaluation in the diagnosis and analysis of acute lateral region ankle sprain.

Background: For the diagnosis of acute lateral ankle sprain, many clinicians use ultrasound; they typically focus on the lateral ligament complex, which is the most common site of lesions in ankle sprain. However, this approach risks missing other foot and ankle lesions. The present study aimed to provide and analyze the results of a new ultrasound method of diagnosis for acute lateral ankle sprain which can thoroughly investigate overall lesions of the foot and ankle.

Risk Factors for Contralateral Tendon Rupture in Patients With Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture.

The present study was performed to determine the incidence and risk factors of contralateral Achilles tendon rupture after an initial tendon rupture, and to identify the associated patient characteristics. Medical records of 181 adult patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture were reviewed. We investigated the risk factors for contralateral Achilles tendon rupture and calculated the incidence density (per 100 person-years), survival rate, hazard ratios, and 95% confidence intervals.

Difference in Joint Stability Between Small Posterior Malleolar Fragments With Fixation and Those Without Fixation: A Biomechanical Cadaver Study.

The indication for the surgical treatment of ankle fractures that involve a posterior malleolar fragment remains controversial. This cadaver study assessed the biomechanical results of rotation stiffness of Haraguchi type 1 posterior malleolar fragments with or without cannulated screw fixation. Twelve anatomic lower-extremity specimens from 6 cadavers were tested.

Osteoarthritis and cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: From a genome-wide association study of European ancestry, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms for two types of OA, knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and hip osteoarthritis (HOA), as instrumental variables. We evaluated three types of CVD: coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and stroke.

Usefulness of the delta neutrophil index in predicting surgery in patients with foot and ankle infection.

Background: In foot and ankle infections, cases with apparent soft-tissue necrosis or purulent fluid collections definitely require surgical treatments. However, clinicians often have difficulty in determining whether to perform surgery in ambiguous cases without these findings. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the delta neutrophil index as a predictor of surgical treatment in patients with foot and ankle infections.

Effects and Mechanism of Particulate Matter on Tendon Healing Based on Integrated Analysis of DNA Methylation and RNA Sequencing Data in a Rat Model.

Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been linked with the severity of various diseases. To date, there is no study on the relationship between PM exposure and tendon healing. Open Achilles tenotomy of 20 rats was performed.

Extended Distal Chevron Osteotomy and Akin Osteotomy Using Bioabsorbable Materials for Treatment of Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the suitability of bioabsorbable materials for fixation of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus. We performed a retrospective analysis of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus (33 patients, 42 feet). Fixation of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy was performed using poly-l-lactic acid pins and polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymer sutures, respectively.

Clinical analyses of ultrasound-guided nerve block in lower-extremity surgery: A retrospective study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical effects and results of lower-extremity surgery under ultrasound-guided nerve block; time required for nerve block, anesthesia onset time, duration of anesthesia, duration of analgesia, tolerable tourniquet time, visual analog scale (VAS) satisfaction score, and anesthetic-related complications.

Methods: A total of 3312 cases (2597 patients) from January 2010 to April 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. A senior author performed ultrasound-guided nerve block of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN, 630 cases), femoral nerve (FN, 2503 cases), obturator nerve (ON, 366 cases), sciatic nerve (SN, 3271 cases), or posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (PFCN, 222 cases) depending on the type of surgery.

Evaluation of the uninjured anterior talofibular ligament by ultrasound for assessing generalized joint hypermobility.

Background: Most clinicians use the Beighton score to assess generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) when deciding on the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). The purpose of the study was to evaluate anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) status by ultrasound and correlate these values with Beighton scores and the manual anterior drawer test (ADT).

Methods: The participants were divided into two groups, those without GJH (24 ankles) and with GJH (20 ankles).

Repair integrity and functional outcomes of arthroscopic repair in chronic anterior shoulder instability: single-loaded versus double-loaded single-row repair.

Introduction: This study compared the clinical outcome and repair integrity of single-loaded and double-loaded single-row arthroscopic repair of chronic anterior shoulder instability.

Materials And Methods: Fifty consecutive chronic anterior shoulder instability cases treated by arthroscopic labral repair were included. A single-loaded single-row technique was used in the first 25 consecutive shoulders, and a double-loaded single-row technique was used in the next 25 consecutive shoulders.

Perioperative axial loading computed tomography findings in varus ankle osteoarthritis: Effect of supramalleolar osteotomy on abnormal internal rotation of the talus.

Background: We used axial loading computed tomography (AL CT) to evaluate preoperative and postoperative talocrural joints of patients who underwent supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) to treat varus ankle osteoarthritis.

Methods: We performed retrospective analyses of 16 patients (18 feet) who underwent SMO including fibular osteotomy. Radiographic assessment was performed with weightbearing radiographs and AL CT.

Dual crosslinked alginate hydrogels by riboflavin as photoinitiator.

Photodegradation behavior of riboflavin (RF) as photoinitiator and photosensitizer was investigated. When the visible light was irradiated to RF, the radical activation and decomposition of RF was induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) that has formed by dissolved oxygen. One of its photoproducts, lumichrome (LC), was a reduced form of RF, which lost its color when photodegraded.

A comparative study of innovative percutaneous repair and open repair for acute Achilles tendon rupture: Innovative usage of intraoperative ultrasonography.

Purpose: There is no definitive consensus on the optimal treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. We comparatively analyzed the clinical outcomes of two types of repair surgeries in treating Achilles tendon rupture.

Methods: This retrospective study included 12 patients of Achilles tendon rupture (group A) treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous repair and 18 patients (group B) treated with open repair.

Screw Fixation of the Posterior Malleolus Fragment in Ankle Fracture.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of ankle fractures with posterior malleolus fragments (PMFs) involving <25% of the articular surface treated with or without screw fixation.

Methods: Among patients with ankle fractures and PMFs who underwent surgery between March 2014 and February 2017, 62 with type 1 PMFs involving <25% of the articular surface were included. Of these 62 patients, 32 underwent screw fixation for PMFs and lateral and/or medial malleolar fracture fixation (group A) and 30 underwent internal fixation for malleolar fractures without screw fixation for PMFs (group B).