Comparison of pediatric injury patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: a retrospective study.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in the lifestyle patterns of children and affected the patterns of pediatric injuries. This study analyzed the changing patterns of pediatric injury overall and by age groups, based on the datasets before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This study is based on the data of patients who presented with injuries at 23 hospital emergency departments participating in the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

Factors associated with the injury severity of falls from a similar height and features of the injury site in Korea: a retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with the severity of fall-related injuries among patients who suffered a fall from similar heights and analyze differences in injury sites according to intentionality and injury severity.

Methods: The Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (EDIIS) data collected between 2019 and 2020 were used in this retrospective study. Patients with fall-related injuries who fell from a height of ≥6 and <9 m were included.

Saline versus Plasma Solution-A in Initial Resuscitation of Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Although saline is commonly used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or post-cardiac arrest care, it has detrimental effects. This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a balanced crystalloid solution (Plasma Solution-A [PS]) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients and compare it with the efficacy of saline.

Methods: A randomized, unblinded clinical trial was conducted using PS and saline for intravenous fluid administration during CPR and post-cardiac arrest care of non-traumatic OHCA patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary university hospital.

Comparison of Prognostic Performance between Procalcitonin and Procalcitonin-to-Albumin Ratio in Post Cardiac Arrest Syndrome.

(1) Background: Post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) is a type of global ischemic reperfusion injury that occurs after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The procalcitonin to albumin ratio (PAR) has been studied as an independent prognostic factor of various diseases. There are no previous studies of PAR in patients with PCAS.

Changes in incidence and severity of commercial motorcycle accidents due to the use of delivery service platforms in Korea: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Recently, a sharp increase in the use of delivery services has led to an increase in motorcycle accidents. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of the commercial motorcycle injured patients and factors related to the severity during the past 10 years.

Methods: Patients (15-64 years old) who visited the emergency department with commercial motorcycle accidents injury registered in the Korean Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (2011-2020) database, were included.

Severity of grinder injuries and related factors compared with other high-rotation cutting tool injuries: a multicenter retrospective study from 2011 to 2018.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of patients injured by high-rotation cutting tools and the factors related to the severity of their injuries.

Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years), who presented to the emergency department (ED) after a high-rotation cutting tool injury and who were registered in the Korean Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance (2011-2018) database, were included. Patients' demographic characteristics, injury-related factors, and Injury Severity Scores were collected.

Early response to intravenous methylprednisolone therapy for restrictive myopathy in patients with thyroid eye disease.

Purpose: To report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods: The present prospective uncontrolled study comprised 28 patients with TED and restrictive myopathy who presented with diplopia that had developed within 6 months before their visit. All patients were treated with IVMP for 12 weeks.

Age group analysis of patients with dog bite injuries who visited a single regional emergency medical center and factors affecting wound infections.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze by age group the characteristics of patients with dog bite injuries, as well as determine which factors were associated with wound infections in those patients.

Methods: We reviewed patients with dog bite injuries who presented to Gachon University Gil Medical Center in Incheon, Korea from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018. They were classified by age group: children (0-18 years), adults (19-59 years), or elderly (≥60 years).

Factors associated with injury severity among users of powered mobility devices.

Objective: To examine the features of powered mobility device-related injuries and identify the predictors of injury severity in such settings.

Methods: Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance data from 2011 to 2018 were used in this retrospective study. Participants were assigned to the mild/moderate and severe groups based on their excess mortality ratio-adjusted injury severity score and their general injury-related factors and injury outcome-related factors were compared.

Effect of alcohol intake on the severity of injuries caused by slipping down.

Objective: Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of injuries. However, its effects on injury severity and mortality remain unclear. Specifically, the effects of alcohol intake on the severity of slip injuries have not been thoroughly investigated.

Usefulness of ischemia-modified albumin in the diagnosis of sepsis/septic shock in the emergency department.

Objective: No studies have evaluated the diagnostic value of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) for the early detection of sepsis/septic shock in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). We aimed to assess the usefulness of IMA in diagnosing sepsis/septic shock in the ED.

Methods: This retrospective, observational study analyzed IMA, lactate, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin levels measured within 1 hour of ED arrival.

Disaster Response to a Mass Casualty Incident in a Hospital Fire by Regional Disaster Medical Assistance Team: Characteristics of Hospital Fire.

Objective: A disaster in the hospital is particularly serious and quite different from other ordinary disasters. This study aimed at analyzing the activity outcomes of a disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) for a fire disaster at the hospital.

Methods: The data which was documented by a DMAT and emergent medical technicians of a fire department contained information about the patient's characteristics, medical records, triage results, and the hospital which the patient was transferred from.

Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using a Photo-Crosslinkable Hole-Transporting Layer.

Photo-crosslinkable hole transporting layer (HTL) consisting of a blend of poly(bis-4-butylphenyl-N,N-bisphenyl)benzidine (poly-TPD) and bis(4-azido-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoate) (FPA) was applied to red and green organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by solution processing. This photocrosslinking reaction rendered the HTL insoluble in organic solvents and enabled subsequent solution deposition of an upper emissive layer. The solvent resistance of the photo-crosslinked poly-TPD:FPA (1 wt%) film was enhanced compared to that of the non-crosslinked neat poly-TPD film.

Relationship between age and injury severity in traffic accidents involving elderly pedestrians.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether injury severity differs with respect to age among elderly pedestrians involved in traffic accidents and identify factors affecting injury severity.

Methods: Using emergency department-based injury in-depth surveillance data, we analyzed the data of patients aged ≥60 years who were victims of pedestrian traffic accidents during 2011 to 2016. The pedestrians' ages were divided into 5-year age strata beginning at 60 years.

Thermally Cross-Linkable Styrene-Based Host Materials for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

Thermally cross-linkable host materials, DV-TPACZ, DV-TPADBCZ, and TV-TPBI, were designed and synthesized for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The synthesized styrene-functionalized host materials were thermally cross-linked by curing at 150-200 °C without using a polymerization initiator. Excellent solvent resistance was observed for all cured host films.

Combination of S100B and procalcitonin improves prognostic performance compared to either alone in patients with cardiac arrest: A prospective observational study.

This study aimed to determine whether the combination of procalcitonin (PCT) and S100B improves prognostic performance compared to either alone in cardiac arrest (CA) patients treated with targeted temperature management (TTM).We performed a prospective cohort study of CA patients treated with TTM. PCT and S100B levels were obtained at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after return of spontaneous circulation.

Pediatric Trampoline-Related Injuries in a Nationwide Registry in South Korea, 2011 to 2016.

Purpose: Trampoline-related injuries are steadily increasing. To our knowledge, there have been very few studies on trampoline injuries in Asia. The purpose of this study is to report the characteristics of pediatric trampoline injuries in Korea.

Blue Phosphorescent Bipyridine-Based Iridium(III) Complex for Vacuum-Deposited Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

We have synthesized and characterized a blue phosphorescent iridium(III) complex (dfpypy)2Ir(tftamp), which contains 2',6'-difluoro-2,3'-bipyridine (dfpypy) as the main ligand and 4-methyl-2-(3'-trifluoromethyl-1'H-1',2',4'-triazol-5'-yl)pyridine (tftamp) as the ancillary ligand. The photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent (EL) properties of (dfpypy)2Ir(tftamp) were investigated. Vacuum-deposited blue and white organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated using (dfpypy)2Ir(tftamp) in 1,3-bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (mCP) as the emitting layer.

Performance on the APACHE II, SAPS II, SOFA and the OHCA score of post-cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia.

Objective: This study assessed the ability of the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) score to predict the outcome of OHCA patients who underwent therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Methods: This study included OHCA patients treated with TH between January 2010 and December 2013. The APACHE II score, SAPS II, and SOFA score were calculated at the time of admission and 24 h and 48 h after intensive care unit admission.

Accuracy of Bedside Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Skull Fractures in Children Aged 0 to 4 Years.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of bedside ultrasound (US) performed by emergency physicians for diagnosing skull fractures in children 0 to 4 years old compared with the accuracy of head computed tomography (CT). We also sought to investigate characteristics and precautions associated with US.

Methods: This single-center prospective study involved children 0 to 4 years old who had a history of head trauma.

Age is related to neurological outcome in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) receiving therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

Introduction: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the patients' outcomes after cardiac arrest based on age in one center, to determine whether geriatric patients had worse outcomes.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study. The patients admitted to the intensive care unit on successful resuscitation after OHCA were retrospectively identified and evaluated.

A New Lridium(III) Complex as a Deep-Red Phosphorescent Emitter in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

We synthesized a novel red-emitting iridium(III) complex, bis[2-(5-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)thiophene-2-yl)benzo[d]thiazole]iridium(III)acetylacetonate ([(CTBT)21 r(acac)]), for use in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of [(CTBT)2Ir(acac)] were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) and cyclic voltammetry. The photophysical properties of [(CTBT)2Ir(acac)] included PL emission at 630 nm.