Highly efficient patterning technique for silver nanowire electrodes by electrospray deposition and its application to self-powered triboelectric tactile sensor.

A patterned transparent electrode is a crucial component of state-of-the-art wearable devices and optoelectronic devices. However, most of the patterning methods using silver nanowires (AgNWs), which is one of the outstanding candidate materials for the transparent electrode, wasted a large amount of unused AgNWs during the patterning process. Here, we report a highly efficient patterning of AgNWs using electrospray deposition with grounded electrolyte solution (EDGE).

Electronic structure of Te/Sb/Ge and Sb/Te/Ge multi layer films using photoelectron spectroscopy.

Te/Sb/Ge and Sb/Te/Ge multilayer films with an atomically controlled interface were synthesized using effusion cell and e-beam techniques. The layers interacted during the deposition, resulting in films composed of Sb-Te+Sb-Sb/Ge and Sb/Sb-Te/Ge-Te/Ge respectively. Atomic diffusion and chemical reactions in films during the annealing process were investigated by photoemission spectroscopy.

Polymorphisms of interleukin-10 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha genes are associated with newly diagnosed and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background And Objectives: The genetic determinants for developing TB or having recurrent TB are unknown. The present study investigated the relationship between susceptibility to tuberculosis and human tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 genes (IL-10).

Methods: A case-control study was conducted using two groups of cases--newly diagnosed TB (N-TB) and recurrent TB (R-TB)--and a control group.

Intracellular network of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, mammalian target of the rapamycin/70 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 1, and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways for regulating mycobacteria-induced IL-23 expression in human macrophages.

We previously demonstrated that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tbc)-induced interleukin (IL)-12 expression is negatively regulated by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 pathways in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). To extend these studies, we examined the nature of the involvement of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and intracellular signalling pathways downstream from PI3K in M.