Mechanism of Ir(ppy) Guest Exciton Formation with the Exciplex-Forming TCTA:TPBI Cohost within a Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diode Environment.

Cohosts based on hole transporting and electron transporting materials often act as exciplexes in the form of intermolecular charge transfer complexes. Indeed, exciplex-forming cohosts have been widely developed as the host materials for efficient phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In host-guest systems of OLEDs, the guest can be excited by two competing mechanisms, namely, excitation energy transfer (EET) and charge transfer (CT).

Considering both small and large scale motions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for reliably predicting its binding affinities to DNA aptamers.

Vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF), a predominant isoform of VEGF signal proteins, is an ideal target for developing drugs against various diseases. It is composed of a heparin binding domain (HBD) and a receptor binding domain (RBD), which are connected by a flexible linker. Among the two domains, RBD is utilized in binding with the signal transduction protein, the VEGF receptor (VEGFR).