Moderate To Severe Preoperative Anemia Is Associated With Increased Postoperative Myocardial Infarction And Mortality In Patients Undergoing Transcarotid Artery Revascularization.

Objective: While preoperative anemia is prevalent among surgical patients, its impact on patients undergoing transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) remains poorly understood. This study aims to assess the relationship between the severity of preoperative anemia and outcomes following TCAR.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Vascular Quality Initiative database (2016-2021) was performed to identify patients who underwent TCAR for carotid stenosis.

Aberrant right renal perfusion from right internal mammary artery.

Renal artery (RA) anomaly is common and may have significant clinical implications. We present a case of a 29-year-old man in whom the upper two-thirds of the right kidney were supplied by the right internal mammary artery and collateral network. Additionally, the superior left RA had proximal stenosis with a distal aneurysm.

Ultrasonic emulsification and aspiration for coral reef atherosclerosis as a novel alternative to transaortic endarterectomy and thoracic aorta-based bypass grafting.

Transaortic endarterectomy (TE) is an effective and durable method of restoring patency in the aorta afflicted with atherosclerotic disease, which most commonly affects the infrarenal aorta and common iliac artery. When the suprarenal aorta is involved, the disease is usually confined to the orifices of the visceral vessels without obstruction of the aortic lumen. In rare cases, dense, calcified, exophytic, and amorphous lesions causing severe luminal obstruction, termed coral reef atherosclerosis (CRA) of the suprarenal aorta, may occur.

Moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest with antegrade cerebral perfusion for the open repair of juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair with shaggy aorta.

Shaggy aorta is severe luminal surface degeneration of the aorta leading to an increased risk of plaque destabilization and embolization to the peripheral or visceral vessel beds. It represents a challenging clinical entity for both endovascular and open repair owing to potential atheroembolization, increased early morbidity and mortality, and poor long-term survival. Patients may be denied repair owing to its high risks.

Metabolic engineering of for the production of pyrone and pyridine dicarboxylic acids.

Environmental concerns from plastic waste are driving interest in alternative monomers from bio-based sources. Pseudoaromatic dicarboxylic acids are promising alternatives with chemical structures similar to widely used petroleum-based aromatic dicarboxylic acids. However, their use in polyester synthesis has been limited due to production challenges.

Impaired Pre-operative Ambulatory Capacity in Patients Undergoing Elective Endovascular Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair is Associated with Increased Peri-operative Death.

Objective: While ambulatory capacity is a readily assessable clinical indicator of functional status, its association with outcomes after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre-operative ambulatory status and outcomes following elective EVAR.

Methods: A retrospective review of the multi-institutional Vascular Quality Initiative database was conducted for all patients who underwent elective infrarenal EVAR from 2009 - 2022.

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair-First Strategy for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Might Not Be Applicable to all Cases.

Background: We evaluate the relationship between the hospital case volume (HCV) and mortality outcomes after open aortic repair (OAR) and endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of intact (iEVAR) and ruptured (rEVAR) abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) using a contemporary administrative database.

Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Database for New York (2016) and New Jersey/Maryland/Florida (2016-2017) were queried using International Classification of Disease-10th edition to identify patients who had undergone OAR and EVAR. The hospitals were categorized into quartiles (Q) per overall (EVAR + OAR) volume, OAR-alone volume and EVAR-alone volume.

Early survival benefit of a low-profile endograft in blunt traumatic aortic injury.

Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of a low-profile thoracic endograft (19-23 French) in subjects with blunt traumatic aortic injury.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter study assessed the RelayPro thoracic endograft for the treatment of traumatic aortic injury. Fifty patients were enrolled at 16 centers in the United States between 2017 and 2021.

SYNGAP1-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics and longitudinal insights.

The clinical and genetic characteristics of SYNGAP1 mutations in Korean pediatric patients are not well understood. We retrospectively analyzed 13 individuals with SYNGAP1 mutations from a longitudinal aspect. Clinical data, genetic profiles, and electroencephalography (EEG) patterns were examined.

Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis is alleviated in mice after administration of flavone-derived NRF2-activating molecules.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition characterized by severe symptoms such as diarrhea, fatigue, and weight loss. Growing evidence underscores the direct involvement of the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in the development and progression of IBD, along with its associated complications, including colorectal cancer. The NRF2 pathway plays a crucial role in cellular responses to oxidative stress, and dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in IBD.

Recurrent symptomatic aortic aneurysm in a young girl with tuberous sclerosis complex and review of the literature.

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a rare occurrence in pediatric populations. When present, it is usually associated with an underlying etiology such as a connective tissue disorder, inflammatory process, or noninflammatory medial degeneration. In the present report, we describe the case of a girl with tuberous sclerosis complex who underwent successful emergency open repair of a symptomatic infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and recurrent type IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm.

Inhibition of microfold cells ameliorates early pathological phenotypes by modulating microglial functions in Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Background: The gut microbiota has recently attracted attention as a pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microfold (M) cells, which play a crucial role in the gut immune response against external antigens, are also exploited for the entry of pathogenic bacteria and proteins into the body. However, whether changes in M cells can affect the gut environments and consequently change brain pathologies in AD remains unknown.

Direct oral anticoagulants over warfarin at discharge associated with improved survival and patency in infra-geniculate bypasses with prosthetic conduits.

Objective: There is no consensus on the optimal anticoagulant regimen following lower extremity bypass. Historically, warfarin has been utilized for prosthetic or compromised vein bypasses. Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly replacing warfarin in this context, but their efficacy in bypass preservation has not been well-studied.

Temporary diaphragm pacing for patients at risk of prolonged mechanical ventilation after extensive aortic repair.

Objective: Prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV) after extensive aortic reconstructive surgery is common. Studies have demonstrated that diaphragm pacing (DP) improves lung function in patients with unilateral diaphragm paralysis. The goal of this study is to determine whether this technology can be applied to complex aortic repair to reduce prolonged MV and other respiratory sequelae.

Impact of nusinersen on the health-related quality of life and caregiver burden of patients with spinal muscular atrophy with symptom onset after age 6 months.

Introduction/aims: Novel disease-modifying approaches for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) have highlighted the patient's perspective on functional changes over time. In this study, we evaluated the impact of nusinersen on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with later-onset SMA and the caregiver burden.

Methods: We assessed the changes in HRQoL using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.

Near-wall hemodynamic changes in subclavian artery perfusion induced by retrograde inner branched thoracic endograft implantation.

Objective: Left subclavian artery (LSA)-branched endografts with retrograde inner branch configuration (thoracic branch endoprosthesis [TBE]) offer a complete endovascular solution when LSA preservation is required during zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair. However, the hemodynamic consequences of the TBE have not been well-investigated. We compared near-wall hemodynamic parameters before and after the TBE implantation using computational fluid dynamic simulations.

Off-the-shelf percutaneous deep vein arterialization for no-option chronic limb-threatening ischemia related to Buerger disease.

Percutaneous deep venous arterialization (pDVA) is an important technique in the pursuit of limb salvage for a certain high-risk subset of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) considered to have "no option" owing to the lack of tibial or pedal targets for revascularization. pDVA seeks to establish an arteriovenous connection at the level of the tibial vessels, in addition to tibial and/or pedal venoplasty, to provide a pathway for arterial perfusion via the tibial and/or plantar venous system. A commercial system for pDVA exists; however, it is not yet approved by the U.

Targeted and high-throughput gene knockdown in diverse bacteria using synthetic sRNAs.

Synthetic sRNAs allow knockdown of target genes at translational level, but have been restricted to a limited number of bacteria. Here, we report the development of a broad-host-range synthetic sRNA (BHR-sRNA) platform employing the RoxS scaffold and the Hfq chaperone from Bacillus subtilis. BHR-sRNA is tested in 16 bacterial species including commensal, probiotic, pathogenic, and industrial bacteria, with >50% of target gene knockdown achieved in 12 bacterial species.

Anatomic Utility of Single Branched Thoracic Endograft During Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair.

Introduction: Single branched thoracic endografts (SBTEs) have been designed for pathology requiring zone 2 seal during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Numerous criteria must be met to allow for their implantation. Our aim was to analyze anatomic suitability for a next generation SBTE.

Trends and outcomes associated with intravascular ultrasound use during femoropopliteal revascularization in the Vascular Quality Initiative.

Objective: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use in lower extremity interventions is growing in popularity owing to its imaging in the axial plane, superior detail in imaging lesion characteristics, and its enhanced ability to delineate lesion severity and extent compared with catheter angiograms. However, there are conflicting data regarding whether IVUS affects outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect associated with IVUS implementation in femoropopliteal interventions.

A comparison of endovascular repair to medical management for acute vs subacute uncomplicated type B aortic dissections.

Objective: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has emerged as a viable option of treatment for uncomplicated type B aortic dissection (UTBAD) due to the potential for inducing favorable aortic remodeling. The aim of this study is to compare outcomes of UTBAD treated medically or with TEVAR in either the acute (1 to 14 days) or subacute period (2 weeks to 3 months).

Methods: Patients with UTBAD between 2007 and 2019 were identified using the TriNetX Network.

Outcome after revascularization with paclitaxel-coated devices in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia.

Objective: Data regarding the safety and efficacy of paclitaxel (PTX)-coated peripheral arterial devices for femoropopliteal artery (FPA) atherosclerotic disease is derived from studies that mainly evaluated patients with claudication. Outcomes of PTX treatment for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is incompletely defined. This study compares outcome in patients with CLTI treated with and without PTX.