Dramatic improvement of drug-resistant epilepsy following cerebral infarction: a case report.

Background: An estimated 30% of patients with epilepsy experience drug-resistant epilepsy, which is the failure to control seizures despite the use of two or more antiseizure medications. Although other treatment options are considered, these alternatives often prove ineffective.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old East Asian male patient diagnosed with drug-resistant epilepsy experienced several seizures daily despite being on eight different antiseizure medications.

Relationship between continuous EEG monitoring findings and prognostic factors in patients with status epilepticus.

Background And Purpose: Little information is available regarding the use of continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) monitoring findings to predict the prognosis of patients with status epilepticus, which could aid in prognostication. This study investigated the relationship between cEEG monitoring findings and various prognostic indicators in patients with status epilepticus.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical profiles and cEEG monitoring data of 28 patients with status epilepticus over a ten-year period.

Combination strategy for prognostication in patients undergoing post-resuscitation care after cardiac arrest.

This study investigated the prognostic performance of combination strategies using a multimodal approach in patients treated after cardiac arrest. Prospectively collected registry data were used for this retrospective analysis. Poor outcome was defined as a cerebral performance category of 3-5 at 6 months.

Characteristics of pre-cluster symptoms in cluster headache: A cross-sectional multicentre study.

Background: Contrary to pre-attack symptoms before an individual cluster headache attack, little is known about the pre-cluster symptoms before the onset of cluster bouts. We previously described pre-attack symptoms before cluster headache attacks. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics of pre-cluster symptoms in patients with episodic cluster headache.

Increasing Trends in the Incidence and Prevalence of Epilepsy in Korea.

Background And Purpose: There have been few reports on recent trends in the occurrence of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of epilepsy and analyze their annual trends in Korea over the period 2009-2017.

Methods: This nationwide population-based study was carried out using the National Health Insurance Service of Korea database.

Smoking History and Clinical Features of Cluster Headache: Results from the Korean Cluster Headache Registry.

Background And Purpose: Epidemiologic data suggest that cluster headache (CH) is significantly associated with cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to determine differences in features between patients with a smoking history and those who are never-smokers, using data from a prospective multicenter registry.

Methods: Data used in this study were obtained from the Korean Cluster Headache Registry that collected data from consecutive patients diagnosed with CH.

Treatments for Convulsive and Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults: An Expert Opinion Survey in South Korea.

Background And Purpose: The aim of this study was to survey the expert opinions on treatments for convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in adults.

Methods: Forty-two South Korean epileptologists participated in this survey. They completed an online questionnaire regarding various patient scenarios and evaluated the appropriateness of medications used to treat CSE and NCSE.

Antiepileptic Drug Therapy for Status Epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the most serious neurologic emergencies. SE is a condition that encompasses a broad range of semiologic subtypes and heterogeneous etiologies. The treatment of SE primarily involves the management of the underlying etiology and the use of antiepileptic drug therapy to rapidly terminate seizure activities.

Clinical characteristics of pre-attack symptoms in cluster headache: A large series of Korean patients.

Background: Previous studies have reported notable differences in demographic and clinical features of cluster headache between Western and Asian populations, including lower prevalence of the chronic type and in women. Recently, prodromal symptoms of migraine and pre-attack symptoms of cluster headache have drawn attention regarding their potential pathophysiological implications and pre-emptive treatment. However, pre-attack symptoms of cluster headache have not been studied in the Asian population.

The impact of remission and coexisting migraine on anxiety and depression in cluster headache.

Background: Our aim was to investigate the relationship between coexisting cluster headache (CH) and migraine with anxiety and depression during active cluster bouts, and how symptoms change during remission.

Methods: We analyzed data from 222 consecutive CH patients and 99 age- and sex-matched controls using a prospective multicenter registry. Anxiety or depression was evaluated using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) or Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively.

Factors Associated with Incidental Neuroimaging Abnormalities in New Primary Headache Patients.

Background And Purpose: Deciding whether or not to perform neuroimaging in primary headache is a dilemma for headache physicians. The aim of this study was to identify clinical predictors of incidental neuroimaging abnormalities in new patients with primary headache disorders.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on a prospective multicenter headache registry, and it classified 1,627 consecutive first-visit headache patients according to the third edition (beta version) of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3β).

Treatment of epilepsy in adults: Expert opinion in South Korea.

Objective: The aim of this study was to gather the expert opinions of Korean epileptologists regarding the treatment of adult patients with epilepsy.

Methods: A total of 42 neurologists who specialized in epilepsy were surveyed. They completed an online questionnaire describing multiple patient scenarios.

Clinical features of chronic cluster headache based on the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders: A prospective multicentre study.

The criterion for the remission period of chronic cluster headache (CCH) was recently revised from < 1 month to < 3 months in the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). However, information on the clinical features of CCH based on the ICHD-3 criteria is currently limited. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical features of CCH based on ICHD-3 using data from the Korean Cluster Headache Registry (KCHR).

Differences in Characteristics and Comorbidity of Cluster Headache According to the Presence of Migraine.

Background And Purpose: Cluster headache (CH) can present with migrainous symptoms such as nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. In addition, an overlap between CH and migraine has been reported. This study aimed to determine the differences in the characteristics of CH according to the presence of comorbid migraine.

Field testing the diagnostic criteria of cluster headache in the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders: A cross-sectional multicentre study.

Background: *These authors are shared first authors. The recently published third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) revised the criteria for accompanying symptoms of cluster headache (CH) and the remission period of chronic cluster headache (CCH). This study aimed at testing the validity of the ICHD-3 criteria for CH by using data from the Korean Cluster Headache Registry.

Associations of Elderly Onset Headache With Occurrence of Poor Functional Outcome, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cognitive Dysfunction During Long-term Follow-up.

Background: Although the frequency and intensity of headaches decrease in older adults, headaches in this population are still an important neurological disorder. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations of headache characteristics in older adults with the development of cardiovascular disease and cognitive dysfunction.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 125 older (≥65 years old) patients with headache who were making their first visit to outpatient clinics and who had no prior history of cognitive dysfunction from 11 hospitals in Korea between August 2014 and February 2015.

Unblinded, randomized multicenter trial comparing lamotrigine and valproate combination with controlled-release carbamazepine monotherapy as initial drug regimen in untreated epilepsy.

Purpose: To compare controlled-release carbamazepine monotherapy (CBZ-CR) with lamotrigine and valproate combination therapy (LTG + VPA) in equivalent total drug load, as initial drug regimen in untreated patients with partial and/or generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS).

Methods: This unblinded, randomized, 60-week superiority trial recruited patients having two or more unprovoked seizures with at least one seizure during previous three months. After randomization into CBZ-CR or LTG + VPA, patients entered into eight-week titration phase (TP), followed by 52-week maintenance phase (MP).

Clinical characterization of unknown/cryptogenic status epilepticus suspected as encephalitis: A multicenter cohort study.

Autoimmune and unknown/cryptogenic encephalitis have been increasingly noted in the inflammatory etiology of new-onset status epilepticus (SE). We aimed to investigate clinical characteristics and the potential role of immunotherapy in encephalitis-related adult SE through our multicenter prospective SE registry. Among the 274 patients with SE, 35 (12.

Anti-melanogenic effect of gomisin N from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baillon (Schisandraceae) in melanoma cells.

Overproduction and accumulation of melanin in the skin can lead to pigmentation disorders, such as freckles and melasma. Many researchers are studying the regulation of melanogenesis in the skin with the aim of developing whitening cosmetics. In this study, bioactivity-guided separation of the hexane fraction of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.

Clinical Features of Cluster Headache Patients in Korea.

Cluster headache (CH) is a rare underdiagnosed primary headache disorder with very severe unilateral pain and autonomic symptoms. Clinical characteristics of Korean patients with CH have not yet been reported. We analyzed the clinical features of CH patients from 11 university hospitals in Korea.

Characteristics of Elderly-Onset (≥65 years) Headache Diagnosed Using the International Classification of Headache Disorders, Third Edition Beta Version.

Background And Purpose: New-onset headache in elderly patients is generally suggestive of a high probability of secondary headache, and the subtypes of primary headache diagnoses are still unclear in the elderly. This study investigated the characteristics of headache with an older age at onset (≥65 years) and compared the characteristics between younger and older age groups.

Methods: We prospectively collected demographic and clinical data of 1,627 patients who first visited 11 tertiary hospitals in Korea due to headache between August 2014 and February 2015.