Clinical Potential of Novel Microbial Therapeutic LP51 Based on Xerosis-Microbiome Index.

Xerosis, characterized by dry, rough skin, causes discomfort and aesthetic concerns, necessitating effective treatment. Traditional treatments often show limited efficacy, prompting the need for innovative therapies. This study highlights the efficacy of microbiome therapeutic LP51, derived from a healthy vaginal microbiome, in improving xerosis.

Crosstalk between lipocalin-2 and IL-6 in traumatic brain injury: Closely related biomarkers.

Clinical biomarkers are crucial for diagnosing and predicting outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we performed an unbiased analysis of plasma proteins in acute TBI patients using bead-based multiplex assays and identified a strong positive correlation between LCN2 and IL-6 levels. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that LCN2 and IL-6 are closely related circulating biomarkers for TBI.

Exploring the Characteristics of Gut Microbiota Associated with Depression via the Depression Assessment Scales.

Depression is a prevalent mental disorder with an increasing economic burden, and its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Given the emerging evidence linking the gut microbiota to mental health, a better understanding of microbial profiles associated with depression is necessary. Here, we explore the association between gut microbiota and depression by utilizing 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and depression assessment scales, including the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Melittin - the main component of bee venom: a promising therapeutic agent for neuroprotection through keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation.

The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/ Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, known for its significant role in regulating innate antioxidant defense mechanisms, is increasingly being recognized for its potential in neuroprotection studies. Derived from bee venom, melittin's neuroprotective effects have raised interest. This study confirmed that melittin specificity upregulated the weakened Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in mice brain.

A Deep Learning Model to Predict Breast Implant Texture Types Using Ultrasonography Images: Feasibility Development Study.

Background: Breast implants, including textured variants, have been widely used in aesthetic and reconstructive mammoplasty. However, the textured type, which is one of the shell texture types of breast implants, has been identified as a possible etiologic factor for lymphoma, specifically breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). Identifying the shell texture type of the implant is critical to diagnosing BIA-ALCL.

Laser-Induced Graphene for Advanced Sensing: Comprehensive Review of Applications.

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) and Laser-scribed graphene (LSG) are both advanced materials with significant potential in various applications, particularly in the field of sustainable sensors. The practical uses of LIG (LSG), which include gas detection, biological process monitoring, strain assessment, and environmental variable tracking, are thoroughly examined in this review paper. Its tunable characteristics distinguish LIG (LSG), which is developed from accurate laser beam modulation on polymeric substrates, and they are essential in advancing sensing technologies in many applications.

Exploring the diverse applications of sol-gel synthesized CaO:MgAlO nanocomposite: morphological, photocatalytic, and electrochemical perspectives.

A nanocomposite of CaO:MgAlO was synthesized through a straightforward and cost-effective sol-gel method. The investigation of the novel CaO:MgAlO nanocomposite encompassed an examination of its morphological and structural alterations, as well as an exploration of its photocatalytic activities and electrochemical characteristics. XRD analysis revealed a nanocomposite size of 24.

Selective O-to-HO Electrosynthesis by a High-Performance, Single-Pass Electrofiltration System Using Ibuprofen-Laden CNT Membranes.

Producing HO through a selective, two-electron (2e) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is challenging, especially when it serves as an advanced oxidation process (AOP) for cost-effective water decontamination. Herein, we attain a 2e-selectivity HO production using a carbon nanotube electrified membrane with ibuprofen (IBU) molecules laden (IBU@CNT-EM) in an ultrafast, single-pass electrofiltration process. The IBU@CNT-EM can generate HO at a rate of 25.

Tackling Challenges of Long-Term Electrode Stability in Electrochemical Treatment of 1,4-Dioxane in Groundwater.

Electrochemical advanced oxidation is an appealing point-of-use groundwater treatment option for removing pollutants such as 1,4-dioxane, which is difficult to remove by using conventional separation-based techniques. This study addresses a critical challenge in employing electrochemical cells in practical groundwater treatment─electrode stability over long-term operation. This study aims to simulate realistic environmental scenarios by significantly extending the experimental time scale, testing a flow-through cell in addition to a batch reactor, and employing an electrolyte with a conductivity equivalent to that of groundwater.

Aberrant activation of hippocampal astrocytes causes neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in mice.

Reactive astrocytes are associated with neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in diverse neuropathologies; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used optogenetic and chemogenetic tools to identify the crucial roles of the hippocampal CA1 astrocytes in cognitive decline. Our results showed that repeated optogenetic stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 astrocytes induced cognitive impairment in mice and decreased synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP), which was accompanied by the appearance of inflammatory astrocytes.

Effects of Ionic Interferents on Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction: Mechanistic Insight.

Nitrate, a prevalent water pollutant, poses substantial public health concerns and environmental risks. Electrochemical reduction of nitrate (eNORR) has emerged as an effective alternative to conventional biological treatments. While extensive lab work has focused on designing efficient electrocatalysts, implementation of eNORR in practical wastewater settings requires careful consideration of the effects of various constituents in real wastewater.

Safety and efficacy of acupuncture for mild cognitive impairment: a study protocol for clinical study.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediary condition between typical cognitive decline that occurs owing to aging and dementia. It is necessary to implement an intervention to slow the progression from MCI to Alzheimer's disease. This manuscript reports the protocol for a clinical trial on the effect of acupuncture in patients with MCI.

Evaluation of the Fusion Rate and Safety of -Derived rhBMP-2 in Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Disease: A Prospective, Multicenter, Single-Arm Trial.

Few studies have documented the viability of -derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). This study aimed to assess the safety and fusion rate of rhBMP-2 in TLIF. The study was conducted as a prospective, multicenter, single-arm trial, and 30 patients needing one- or two-level TLIF were enrolled.

Coupling Curvature and Hydrophobicity: A Counterintuitive Strategy for Efficient Electroreduction of Nitrate into Ammonia.

The electrochemical upcycling of nitrate (NO) to ammonia (NH) holds promise for synergizing both wastewater treatment and NH synthesis. Efficient stripping of gaseous products (NH, H, and N) from electrocatalysts is crucial for continuous and stable electrochemical reactions. This study evaluated a layered electrocatalyst structure using copper (Cu) dendrites to enable a high curvature and hydrophobicity and achieve a stratified liquid contact at the gas-liquid interface of the electrocatalyst layer.

Tuning Local Atomic Structures in MoS Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction.

In recent years, there has been a substantial surge in the investigation of transition-metal dichalcogenides such as MoS as a promising electrochemical catalyst. Inspired by denitrification enzymes such as nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase, the electrochemical nitrate reduction catalyzed by MoS with varying local atomic structures is reported. It is demonstrated that the hydrothermally synthesized MoS containing sulfur vacancies behaves as promising catalysts for electrochemical denitrification.

The microglial innate immune protein PGLYRP1 mediates neuroinflammation and consequent behavioral changes.

Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is a pattern-recognition protein that mediates antibacterial actions and innate immune responses. Its expression and role in neuroinflammatory conditions remain unclear. We observed the upregulation of PGLYRP1 in inflamed human and mouse spinal cord and brain, with microglia being the primary cellular source.

Clinical and radiological outcomes of non-window-type bioactive glass-ceramic cage in single-level ACDF versus PEEK cage filled with autologous bone.

Bioactive glass-ceramic (BGC) cage is a substitute for polyether ether ketone (PEEK) cages in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Only a few comparative studies exist using PEEK and non-window-type BGC cages (CaO-SiO-PO-BO) in single-level ACDF. This study compared PEEK cages filled with autologous iliac bone grafts and BGC cages regarding clinical safety and effectiveness.

Underpotential Deposition of 3D Transition Metals: Versatile Electrosynthesis of Single-Atom Catalysts on Oxidized Carbon Supports.

Use of single-atom catalysts (SACs) has become a popular strategy for tuning activity and selectivity toward specific pathways. However, conventional SAC synthesis methods require high temperatures and pressures, complicated procedures, and expensive equipment. Recently, underpotential deposition (UPD) has been investigated as a promising alternative, yielding high-loading SAC electrodes under ambient conditions and within minutes.

Nanomaterials-Based Field-Effect Transistor for Protein Sensing: New Advances.

It is crucial for early stage medical diagnostics to identify disease biomarkers at ultralow concentrations. A wide range of analytes can be identified using low-dimensional materials to build highly sensitive, targeted, label-free, field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are preferable for high-performance biosensing because of their dramatic change in resistivity upon analyte adsorption or biomarker detection, tunable electronic properties, high surface activities, adequate stability, and layer-dependent semiconducting properties.

Lipocalin-2 as a mediator of neuroimmune communication.

Lipocalin-2, a neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, is a 25-kDa secreted protein implicated in a broad range of inflammatory diseases affecting the brain and periphery. It is a pleotropic protein expressed by various immune and nonimmune cells throughout the body. Importantly, the surge in lipocalin-2 levels in disease states has been associated with a myriad of undesirable effects, further exacerbating the ongoing pathological processes.

Two distinct forms of human BLT2: long-form and short-form BLT2.

BLT2 is a low-affinity leukotriene B receptor that plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases, including asthma and cancer. BLT2 is minimally expressed in a normal internal environment but is overexpressed in a stress-induced inflammatory environment. Recent research indicated that human BLT2 has two distinct forms.