Risk of Incontinence after Radical Prostatectomy According to Procedural Types: Retrospective Cohort Study Using National Health Insurance Data.

Purpose: Although surgical procedures including robotic surgery in radical prostatectomy have evolved, urinary incontinence after surgery are still not resolved. This study was to evaluate the risk of clinically significant incontinence after radical prostatectomy according to various procedural types.

Materials And Methods: The retrospective cohort study included prostate cancer (n=14,484) in South Korea between 2002 and 2017 as shown in the National Health Insurance Data.

Coping with Complications that Occur after Prostate Biopsy for Satisfactory Evaluation of Call Service Using Artificial Intelligence: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To assess whether an artificial intelligence (AI)-based reassurance-call can inform patients about potential complications and provides reassurance following a prostate biopsy.

Materials And Methods: From October 2022 to December 2023, 42 patients aged 40 to 70 years undergoing their first prostate biopsy were recruited. The 'Reassurance-call' service was utilized to inform and monitor patients for complications.

Forecasting Epidemic Spread with Recurrent Graph Gate Fusion Transformers.

Predicting the unprecedented, nonlinear nature of COVID-19 presents a significant public health challenge. Recent advances in deep learning, such as Graph Neural Networks, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), and Transformers, have enhanced predictions by modeling regional interactions, managing autoregressive time series, and identifying long-term dependencies. However, prior works often feature shallow integration of these models, leading to simplistic graph embeddings and inadequate analysis across different graph types.

Accuracy of a Smart Diaper System for Nursing Home Residents for Automatically Detecting Voided Volume: Instrument Validation Study.

Background: Diapers are commonly used by older patients with urination disorders. A smart diaper system (SDS) may be able to estimate the weight of urine comparably to conventional measurements made by weighing diapers.

Objective: The aim of the current research is to determine the degree of accuracy of an SDS technology specifically designed for the management of urination routines and the use of incontinence pads in older adults.

Individual and Socioeconomic Affecting Factors for Prostate Cancer Screening Behavior.

There has been much controversy about the effectiveness of prostate cancer (PC) screening in the treatment of PC. Recently, with the increase in advanced and metastatic PCs, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is again emphasized. However, no systematic study has examined the factors influencing PSA screening behavior.

Different Prostatic Tissue Microbiomes between High- and Low-Grade Prostate Cancer Pathogenesis.

Numerous human pathologies, such as neoplasia, are related to particular bacteria and changes in microbiome constituents. To investigate the association between an imbalance of bacteria and prostate carcinoma, the microbiome and gene functionality from tissues of patients with high-grade prostate tumor (HGT) and low-grade prostate tumor (LGT) were compared utilizing next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The results showed abnormalities in the bacterial profiles between the HGT and LGT specimens, indicating alterations in the make-up of bacterial populations and gene functionalities.

Menopausal stages and overactive bladder symptoms in middle-aged women: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) according to menopausal stages in middle-aged women.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Total Healthcare Center in South Korea.

Risk factors for hyponatremia associated with desmopressin use.

Background: Nocturia is a urinary symptom that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life. Desmopressin is prescribed for adults with nocturia. However, desmopressin use is associated with hyponatremia.

Korean urobiome platform (KUROM) study for acute uncomplicated sporadic versus recurrent cystitis in women: Clinical significance.

Purpose: To investigate urine microbiome differences among healthy women, women with recurrent uncomplicated cystitis (rUC), and those with sporadic/single uncomplicated cystitis (sUC) to challenge traditional beliefs about origins of these infections.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent both conventional urine culture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of urine were retrospectively reviewed. Symptom-free women with normal urinalysis results as a control group were also studied.

Impact of family history of prostate cancer on disease progression for prostatic cancer patients undergoing active surveillance: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate how a family history of prostate cancer influences the progression of the disease in individuals with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to June 2023. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023441853).

Overactive bladder and cognitive impairment in middle-aged women: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a common condition in middle-aged and older women. It has been reported to be potentially linked to cognitive decline, particularly in older adults. This study investigated the association between OAB symptoms and cognitive impairment in middle-aged women.

Cytosine Deaminase-Overexpressing hTERT-Immortalized Human Adipose Stem Cells Enhance the Inhibitory Effects of Fluorocytosine on Tumor Growth in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer.

A promising de novo approach for the treatment of Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) exploits cell-mediated enzyme prodrug therapy comprising cytosine deaminase (CD) and fluorouracil (5-FC). The aim of this study was to determine the potential of bacterial CD-overexpressing hTERT-immortalized human adipose stem cells (hTERT-ADSC.CD) to suppress CRPC.

The Use of Generative AI for Scientific Literature Searches for Systematic Reviews: ChatGPT and Microsoft Bing AI Performance Evaluation.

Background: A large language model is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) model that opens up great possibilities for health care practice, research, and education, although scholars have emphasized the need to proactively address the issue of unvalidated and inaccurate information regarding its use. One of the best-known large language models is ChatGPT (OpenAI). It is believed to be of great help to medical research, as it facilitates more efficient data set analysis, code generation, and literature review, allowing researchers to focus on experimental design as well as drug discovery and development.

Secondary Cancer after Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Study.

Purpose: Androgen signaling is associated with various secondary cancer, which could be promising for potential treatment using androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). This study investigated whether ADT use was associated with secondary cancers other than prostate cancer in a nationwide population-based cohort.

Materials And Methods: A total, 278,434 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2017 were identified.

Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma with Variant Histology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Survival Outcomes.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine effects of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) on survival outcomes compared to surgery alone without AC for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients with variant histology (VH).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating AC for UTUC in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library up to January 2023. Population, intervention, comparator, and outcome were UTUC patients with VH, radical nephroureterectomy with AC, radical nephroureterectomy only, and oncological survival, respectively.

Strength-limiting damage and defects of dental CAD/CAM full-contour zirconia ceramics.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the four-point flexural strength of CAM-milled and sintered (as-sintered, AS) specimens with those of high-polished (HP) specimens using chairside polishing systems to simulate clinical surface conditions.

Methods: Seven full-contour zirconia CAM/CAM blanks with various yttria contents (3, 4, 5 mol%) including three high-translucent groups (5Y) were selected to prepare flexural specimens. The bend bar specimens (2.

Carboxylesterase-overexpressing hTERT-immortalized human adipose stem cells in prostate tumor growth inhibition by irinotecan.

Introduction: Effective chemotherapy has not yet to be developed for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Cell-mediated enzyme prodrug therapy (EPT), including a combination of carboxylesterase (CE) and irinotecan (CPT-11), could be a possible treatment option. This study explored a cell-mediated EPT, including a combination of CE and irinotecan (CPT-11), to inhibit CRPC tumor growth using rabbit CE-overexpressing human TERT-immortalized adipose-derived stem cells (hTERT-ADSC.

Decreased Angiopoietin Expression in Underactive Bladder Induced by Long-term Bladder Outlet Obstruction.

Purpose: Ischemia of the bladder can occur if neovascular formation cannot keep pace with hypoxia induced by chronic bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The aim of this study was to examine changes in angiogenesis growth factor expression generated by chronic BOO in a rat model of underactive bladder.

Methods: Twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats aged 6 weeks were assigned to 4 groups (5 rats per group).

Differential Gene Expression in the Penile Cavernosum of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Purpose: Men with diabetes mellitus (DM) often present with severe erectile dysfunction (ED). This ED is less responsive to current pharmacological therapies. If we know the upregulated or downregulated genes of diabetic ED, we can inhibit or enhance the expression of such genes through RNA or gene overexpression.

The Correlations between the Intensity of Histopathological Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 11 Staining and Progression of Prostate Cancer.

Background: Ubiquitin-specific protease 11 (USP11), one of the principal phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deubiquitinases, can reserve PTEN polyubiquitination to maintain PTEN protein integrity and inhibit PI3K/AKT pathway activation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between immunohistochemical USP11 staining intensities and prognostic indicators in individuals with prostate cancer.

Methods: Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were performed for human prostate cancer and normal tissue (control) samples.

Longterm abrasive and erosive effect of whitening toothpaste on dentin surface.

Purpose: To evaluate the amount of dentin loss following immersion in or toothbrushing with whitening toothpaste (WT) containing hydrogen peroxide (HP) and citric acid (CA). Additionally, the amount of dentin loss after brushing with a WT alone or in combination with a conventional toothpaste was assessed, and the effects of HP and CA solutions on the dentin surface were investigated.

Methods: Bovine dentin specimens (n= 350) were randomly assigned to seven solutions of various compositions as toothpaste: The specimens assigned to each solution were then further divided into five treatment groups (n=10 each) : Group A = 1-hour immersion in each solution (ES); Group B = 10,000 brushing in ES; Group C = 1-hour immersion in ES + 10,000 brushing in ES; Group D = 1-hour immersion in ES + 10,000 brushing in reference slurry (RS); Group E = 10,000 brushing in ES + 10,000 brushing in RS.