Prediction of late-onset depression in the elderly Korean population using machine learning algorithms.

Late-onset depression (LOD) refers to depression that newly appears in elderly individuals without prior depression episodes. Predicting future depression is crucial for mitigating the risk of major depression in prospective patients. This study aims to develop machine learning models to predict future depression.

Deep-Learning Model Prediction of Radiation Pneumonitis Using Pretreatment Chest Computed Tomography and Clinical Factors.

This study aimed to build a comprehensive deep-learning model for the prediction of radiation pneumonitis using chest computed tomography (CT), clinical, dosimetric, and laboratory data. Radiation therapy is an effective tool for treating patients with lung cancer. Despite its effectiveness, the risk of radiation pneumonitis limits its application.

Comparing deep learning and handcrafted radiomics to predict chemoradiotherapy response for locally advanced cervical cancer using pretreatment MRI.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), but its responsiveness varies among patients. A reliable tool for predicting CRT responses is necessary for personalized cancer treatment. In this study, we constructed prediction models using handcrafted radiomics (HCR) and deep learning radiomics (DLR) based on pretreatment MRI data to predict CRT response in LACC.

Predictive factors for severe radiation-induced lung injury in patients with lung cancer and coexisting interstitial lung disease.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of severe radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in patients with lung cancer and coexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) undergoing conventionally fractionated thoracic radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The study includes consecutive patients treated with thoracic radiotherapy for lung cancer at two tertiary centers between 2010 and 2021. RILI severity was graded using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria version 5.

Nanocrystalline Composite Layer Realized by Simple Sintering Without Surface Treatment, Reducing Hydrophilicity and Increasing Thermal Conductivity.

The surface treatment for a polymer-ceramic composite is additionally performed in advanced material industries. To prepare the composite without a surface treatment, the simplest way to manufacture an advanced ceramic-particle is devised. The method is the formation of a nanocrystalline composite layer through the simple liquid-phase sintering.

Recent achievements toward the development of Ni-based layered oxide cathodes for fast-charging Li-ion batteries.

The driving mileage of electric vehicles (EVs) has been substantially improved in recent years with the adoption of Ni-based layered oxide materials as the battery cathode. The average charging period of EVs is still time-consuming, compared with the short refueling time of an internal combustion engine vehicle. With the guidance from the United States Department of Energy, the charging time of refilling 60% of the battery capacity should be less than 6 min for EVs, indicating that the corresponding charging rate for the cathode materials is to be greater than 6C.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence and Wearable Sensor-Based Gait Analysis to Identify Patients with Osteopenia and Sarcopenia in Daily Life.

Osteopenia and sarcopenia can cause various senile diseases and are key factors related to the quality of life in old age. There is need for portable tools and methods that can analyze osteopenia and sarcopenia risks during daily life, rather than requiring a specialized hospital setting. Gait is a suitable indicator of musculoskeletal diseases; therefore, we analyzed the gait signal obtained from an inertial-sensor-based wearable gait device as a tool to manage bone loss and muscle loss in daily life.

Predicting Tumor Budding Status in Cervical Cancer Using MRI Radiomics: Linking Imaging Biomarkers to Histologic Characteristics.

Background: Our previous study demonstrated that tumor budding (TB) status was associated with inferior overall survival in cervical cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether radiomic features can predict TB status in cervical cancer patients.

Methods: Seventy-four patients with cervical cancer who underwent preoperative MRI and radical hysterectomy from 2011 to 2015 at our institution were enrolled.

Mapping patterns of para-aortic lymph node recurrence in cervical cancer: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: To map anatomic patterns of para-aortic lymph node (PALN) recurrence in cervical cancer patients and validate currently available guidelines on PA clinical target volumes (CTV).

Methods: Cervical cancer patients who developed PALN recurrence were included. The PALNs were classified as left-lateral para-aortic (LPA), aorto-caval (AC), and right para-caval (RPC).

Initial experience of preoperative short-course radiotherapy followed by oxaliplatin-based consolidation chemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: We analyzed the safety and feasibility of preoperative short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) followed by consolidation chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: From April 2018 to May 2019, 19 patients with LARC were treated with SCRT followed by three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy with leucovorin, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) before surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy relied on oxaliplatin.

Robustness of magnetic resonance radiomic features to pixel size resampling and interpolation in patients with cervical cancer.

Background: Radiomics is a promising field in oncology imaging. However, the implementation of radiomics clinically has been limited because its robustness remains unclear. Previous CT and PET studies suggested that radiomic features were sensitive to variations in pixel size and slice thickness of the images.

A solid-state route to stabilize cubic LiLaZrO at low temperature for all-solid-state-battery applications.

The integration of a solid electrolyte with electrodes without interfacial degradation is an integral part of enabling high-performance all-solid-state batteries. Here we highlight that additive-assisted solid-state reactions using high-energy ball-milling and multistep heating can be an effective approach to lower the processing temperatures of cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 garnet. The obtained total Li conductivity is 1.

Lithium and Chlorine-Rich Preparation of Mechanochemically Activated Antiperovskite Composites for Solid-State Batteries.

Assembling all-solid-state batteries presents a unique challenge due to chemical and electrochemical complexities of interfaces between a solid electrolyte and electrodes. While the interface stability is dictated by thermodynamics, making use of passivation materials often delays interfacial degradation and extends the cycle life of all-solid cells. In this work, we investigated antiperovskite lithium oxychloride, LiOCl, as a promising passivation material that can engineer the properties of solid electrolyte-Li metal interfaces.

Magnetic resonance imaging features of tumor and lymph node to predict clinical outcome in node-positive cervical cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Current chemoradiation regimens for locally advanced cervical cancer are fairly uniform despite a profound diversity of treatment response and recurrence patterns. The wide range of treatment responses and prognoses to standardized concurrent chemoradiation highlights the need for a reliable tool to predict treatment outcomes. We investigated pretreatment magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of primary tumor and involved lymph node for predicting clinical outcome in cervical cancer patients.

Regional nodal irradiation in pT1-2N1 breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and whole breast irradiation.

Purpose: To evaluate the necessity of regional nodal irradiation (RNI) for pT1-2N1 breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy, we compared clinical outcomes of patients treated with and without RNI.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 214 pT1-2N1 breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and whole breast irradiation from 2009-2016. There were 142 (66.

Hidden structural and chemical order controls lithium transport in cation-disordered oxides for rechargeable batteries.

Structure plays a vital role in determining materials properties. In lithium ion cathode materials, the crystal structure defines the dimensionality and connectivity of interstitial sites, thus determining lithium ion diffusion kinetics. In most conventional cathode materials that are well-ordered, the average structure as seen in diffraction dictates the lithium ion diffusion pathways.

Local and regional recurrence following mastectomy in breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive nodes: implications for postmastectomy radiotherapy volume.

Purpose: To determine the necessity of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) and which regions would be at risk for recurrence, we evaluated local and regional recurrence in breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive nodes and a tumor size of <5 cm.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 133 female breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive nodes, and a tumor size of <5 cm who were treated with mastectomy followed by adjuvant systemic therapy between 2007 and 2016. The median follow-up period was 57 months (range, 12 to 115 months).

Evaluation of the hybrid-dynamic conformal arc therapy technique for radiotherapy of lung cancer.

Purpose: A hybrid-dynamic conformal arc therapy (HDCAT) technique consisting of a single half-rotated dynamic conformal arc beam and static field-in-field beams in two directions was designed and evaluated in terms of dosimetric benefits for radiotherapy of lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: This planning study was performed in 20 lung cancer cases treated with the VERO system (BrainLAB AG, Feldkirchen, Germany). Dosimetric parameters of HDCAT plans were compared with those of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) plans in terms of target volume coverage, dose conformity, and sparing of organs at risk.

Prognostic significance of residual lymph node status after definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with node-positive cervical cancer.

Objective: Lymph node involvement is an important prognostic factor in patients with cervical cancer. However, the prognostic significance of lymph node response to chemoradiotherapy remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the relationship between residual lymph node status after definitive chemoradiotherapy and survival.

Prognostic value of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity on F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in locally advanced cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value for predicting tumor recurrence of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity and traditional quantitative metabolic parameters on pre-treatment F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-three patients with biopsy-proven cervical cancer and treated with CCRT (FIGO stage IIB-IV) were enrolled in this study. The traditional metabolic parameters of the primary tumor, regional lymph node, and whole body (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax], metabolic tumor volume [MTV], and total lesion glycolysis), and intratumoral heterogeneity factor (HF) were measured on pre-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT images.

Simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) for preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), by comparing with 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT).

Materials And Methods: Patients who were treated with PCRT for LARC from 2015 January to 2016 December were retrospectively enrolled. Total doses of 45 Gy to 50.

Investigation of Potassium Storage in Layered P3-Type K MnO Cathode.

Novel and low-cost batteries are of considerable interest for application in large-scale energy storage systems, for which the cost per cycle becomes critical. Here, this study proposes K MnO as a potential cathode material for K-ion batteries as an alternative to Li technology. K MnO has a P3-type layered structure and delivers a reversible specific capacity of ≈100 mAh g with good capacity retention.

Systemic Inflammatory Response After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Can Affect Oncologic Outcomes in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Aim: Systemic inflammatory response (SIR) has been reported to be an important determinant of disease progression and survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This study investigated the prognostic relevance of changes in the platelet count on survival and the predictive value of changes in platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the pathological tumor response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Patients And Methods: From 2006 to 2015, 291 consecutive patients with LARC who were treated with preoperative CRT followed by curative surgery at the Kyungpook National University Medical Center (Daegu, Korea) were retrospectively analyzed.

Pilot study of FMC (5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and cisplatin) with radiotherapy for patients with anal cancer.

Objectives: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the current standard of treatment for anal squamous carcinoma. However, local or metastatic recurrences remain significant after CRT with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC). Therefore, the present study evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of adding cisplatin to the classic CRT (5-FU, MMC, and radiotherapy).