Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO).

Not required for Clinical Vignettes.

Interdisciplinary Aspects of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Symptomatology in a Series of 100 Cases.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder. Beside renal and skeletal complications, it has a wide variety of nonspecific symptoms from other organs that mimic other diseases and delay the diagnosis. In recent decades the clinical profile of PHPT has evolved to less symptomatic forms.

Parathyroid adenoma diagnosed on the basis of a giant cell tumor of parieto-occipital region and multifocal bone injuries.

Brown tumors are rare skeletal manifestations of hyperparathyroidism (HPT) that may mimic cancer metastases. Histopathologically, they are difficult to differentiate from other giant cell lesions. A case is presented of 41-year-old woman with giant cell tumor in parieto-occipital region with injury of external bone lamina, growing into the skull cavity.

Subclinical Cushing's syndrome in adrenal incidentalomas--possible metabolic consequences.

Introduction: The presence of subclinical Cushing's syndrome (SCS) and some features of the metabolic syndrome were evaluated in adrenal incidentaloma patients.

Material And Methods: 165 patients were studied. Plasma cortisol, ACTH, DHEA-S, 17-OH-P, aldosterone, renin activity and 24-h urinary methoxycatecholamines were measured.

Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as a giant cell tumor of the jaws.

Objective: Giant cell tumors of the maxillofacial skeleton are uncommon, they are usually late manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism. A series of five clinical cases in four women and one man presenting as the giant cell lesions in the maxilla and/or mandible are discussed.

Methods: Biopsy of the lesions, biochemical and hormonal analyses, densitometry and parathyroid scintigraphy were carried out.

Low bone mineral density in adult patients with coeliac disease.

Introduction: Calcium and vitamin D malabsorption in coeliac disease (CD) predispose to skeletal demineralisation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of bone mineral density (BMD) and calcium deficiencies in adult patients with CD and assess whether a gluten-free diet is sufficiently effective for BMD restoration.

Material And Methods: BMD and biochemical parameters of bone and mineral metabolism were measured in 35 adult CD patients receiving (19) or not receiving (16) a gluten-free diet (GFD) and in 36 controls.

[The difficulties in differential diagnosis of primary aldosteronism subtypes in women with strokes at a young age].

In patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), it is fundamental to distinguish between subtypes that benefit from different treatment. The authors describe difficulties in differential diagnosis in a case of 46 year old women with PA and two strokes in the past. Based on high plasma and urine aldosterone concentration, low plasma renin activity (PRA), very high aldosterone/PRA ratio and unilateral macroadenoma detected in computed tomography, aldosterone producing adenoma was diagnosed and the patient was performed unilateral adrenalectomy.

[Pheochromocytoma in 8-year observation at a single endocrinological center in Wroclaw].

Introduction: Pheochromocytoma is rare tumor with a highly variable clinical presentation. This report provides clinical picture, efficiency of diagnostics and treatment of pheochromocytoma in 8-years in the endocrinological center in Wroclaw.

Material And Methods: The records of 37 patients with pheochromocytoma were identified, who were treated in 2000-2007 in the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Treatment in Wroclaw.

Plasma cytokines in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome, before and after metformin treatment.

Objectives: Most research confirms that metformin therapy has a positive influence on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aims of the present study were to establish other CVRF, such as plasma adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, in obese premenopausal women with PCOS and to investigate the effect of metformin treatment on these factors.

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of 29 PCOS woman with body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m(2).

[Congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency. A case report].

The authors describe a case of an adult woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by 11beta-hydroxylase deficiency. The patient presented not only typical features of this disease such as virilization and hypokaliemic hypertension but also rare pathologies, such as ectopic adrenal tissues, salt loss during infancy, and functional adrenomedullary hyperactivity. In spite of the severe disease and delays in its diagnosis and adequate treatment, significant improvement in appearance and normalization of blood pressure as well as the birth of a healthy child were achieved.

The correlations between endogenous dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and some atherosclerosis risk factors in premenopausal women.

Background: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is postulated to have antiatherogenic properties, but the possible mechanism of this action is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of endogenous DHEA-S on the levels of some factors playing significant roles in atherogenesis.

Material/methods: In a group of 40 premenopausal women, relationships between endogenous DHEA-S and serum lipids and the apolipoproteins A1 (apoA1) and B (apoB), serum lipid peroxide (LPO), and total antioxidant system (TAS) concentrations as markers of the serum antioxidant-prooxidant balance were measured as well as clinical and biochemical parameters playing roles in atheromatosis such as the type of obesity and the serum glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and homocysteine (HCY) concentrations.

[Evaluation of the influence of sex hormones on homocysteine concentration in pre- and postmenopausal women].

The aim of study was to evaluate the influence of sex hormones: estradiol (E), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (P), testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA-S) and cortisol (F) on the serum homocysteine concentration (HCY) in 40 premenopausal (group M) and 80 postmenopausal (group K) women. The influence of E2 therapy (ET) on the serum HCY level in the women with surgical menopause was also estimated. The plasma HCY concentration in the group M was significantly higher that in group K.

A follow-up of 130 patients with acromegaly in a single centre.

Objectives: Acromegaly is a rare disease with increased mortality rate. The aim was to present our centre experience in the diagnosis and treatment of a series of patients suffering from acromegaly.

Methods: 130 patients (55 men, 75 women) aged 19-84 years presenting with clinical and hormonal features of acromegaly, attending Department of Endocrinology and Out-patient Clinic between 1990 and 2004 were studied.

Risk factors of cardiovascular disease in GH-deficient adults with hypopituitarism: a preliminary report.

Background: We estimated the influence of GH deficiency (GHD) in adults on chosen risk factors of cardiovascular disease and bone density.

Material/methods: Fifty-four adults (mean age: 50.4 years) with hypopituitarism were studied.

[Thyroid function in organic lesions of the hypothalamo-pituitary area].

The aim of our work was the retrospective evaluation of thyroid function in patients with organic lesions of hypothalamo-pituitary system. In the group of 57 examined patients (31 females and 26 males), 43 were affected by pituitary adenomas, in the other patients organic lesions were caused by other tumors of central nervous system (2), tuberculosis (3) developmental or vascular disorders (5), nonspecific inflammation (1). Pituitary tumors (predominantly macroadenomas) were the cause of acromegaly in 14 cases, Cushing's disease in 9 and hyperprolactinaemia in 5.

[Autoimmune multiglandular syndrome type I--a case study].

We have described a case of a rare autoimmune disease, called autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type I (APS type I), in a 44-year-old woman. APS type I is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder, connected with mutations in AIRE (autoimmune regulator) gene. Subsequently, autoantibodies directed towards tissue-specific enzymes are produced, which causes destruction of multiple tissues and organs, first of all--endocrine glands.

Plasma adiponectin concentration in relation to severity of coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged men.

Unlabelled: Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein, seems to be a link between obesity, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. The present study investigated the association between adiponectin and coronary artery disease in middle-aged men.

Material And Methods: We examined 48 men (aged 40-60) with angiographically confirmed coronary atherosclerosis and 19 healthy men, matched by age, as a control group.