Diversity of cultivable endophytic fungi in a decumbent subshrub endemic of the Brazilian tropical savanna.

The diversity of cultivable endophytic fungi in native subshrubs of the Brazilian Cerrado is largely unknown. This study investigated the cultivable endophytic mycobiome of stems, leaves, and flowers of Peltaea polymorpha (Malvaceae). In total, 208 endophytic fungi were isolated, 95 from stems, 65 from leaves, and 48 from flowers.

Molecular Verification of Trichophyton in the Brazilian URM Culture Collection.

Trichophyton species cause dermatophytosis in humans, with a high, worldwide frequency of reports and important public health relevance. We evaluated 61 Trichophyton strains from different sources deposited in the University Recife Mycology (URM) culture collection of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil. Strains were phenotypically identified and confirmed by sequencing Internal Transcribed Spacers rDNA and partial beta-tubulin 2-exon.

Screening of endophytic fungi from Antarctic mosses: Potential production for L-asparaginase free of glutaminase and urease activity.

Studies involving endophytic fungi aim to identify organisms inhabiting extreme and relatively unexplored environments, as these fungi possess unique characteristics and uncommon biochemical pathways that enable them to produce compounds with biotechnological potential. Among various enzymes, L-Asparaginase is employed in the treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. In this study, we identified endophytic fungi from Sanionia uncinata and Polytrichastrum alpinum collected on King George Island in Antarctica.

Ticket to ride: fungi from bat ectoparasites in a tropical cave and the description of two new species.

Bat flies are obligate ectoparasitic dipterans that are highly specialised to bats and have apomorphic characteristics, such as absent or reduced wings, and specialised legs and claws, which contribute to their survival. They are often associated with fungi and harbour a fungal diversity that is still poorly understood. Fungi were found in association with the bat flies in a cave of the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil.

Antifungal susceptibility of the endophytic fungus Rhinocladiella similis (URM 7800) isolated from the Caatinga dry forest in Brazil.

The present study reports a new occurrence of Rhinocladiella similis isolated as an endophytic fungus in the Caatinga dry tropical forest in Brazil and describes its antifungal susceptibility. The isolate R. similis URM 7800 was obtained from leaves of the medicinal plant Myracrodruon urundeuva.

Re-evaluation of the Fungal Diversity and Pathogenicity of Species from in China.

Poplar is widely cultivated in China because of its strong ecological adaptability, fast growth, easy reproduction, and short rotation period. However, it suffers from severe threat from canker disease caused by species. The present study revealed the presence of species from in China.

Untargeted Metabolomics Approach of Cross-Adaptation in Induced by Major Compounds of Essential Oils.

Cross-adaptation phenomena in bacterial populations, induced by sublethal doses of antibacterial solutions, are a major problem in the field of food safety. In this regard, essential oils and their major compounds appear as an effective alternative to common sanitizers in food industry environments. The present study aimed to evaluate the untargeted metabolomics perturbations of serovar Enteritidis that has been previously exposed to the sublethal doses of the major components of essential oils: cinnamaldehyde, citral, and linalool (CIN, CIT, and LIN, respectively).

Fungal diversity notes 1512-1610: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa.

This article is the 14th in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein we report 98 taxa distributed in two phyla, seven classes, 26 orders and 50 families which are described and illustrated. Taxa in this study were collected from Australia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Chile, China, Cyprus, Egypt, France, French Guiana, India, Indonesia, Italy, Laos, Mexico, Russia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are 59 new taxa, 39 new hosts and new geographical distributions with one new combination.

Insights into the Bioprospecting of the Endophytic Fungi of the Medicinal Plant Kunth (Rubiaceae): Detailed Biological Activities.

A multitude of plants from the Brazilian savanna are known for their medicinal properties. Many plants contain endophytic fungi, which lead to the production of bioactive compounds by both the fungi and their hosts. This study investigated the bioprospecting of endophytic fungi recovered from the leaves of , a native medicinal plant of the Brazilian savanna.

Fungal endophytes from leaves of Mandevilla catimbauensis (Apocynaceae): diversity and potential for L-asparaginase production.

In this study, we examined endophytic fungi in leaves of Mandevilla catimbauensis, an endemic plant species found in the Brazilian dry forest (Caatinga), and endophytic fungi's potential to produce L-asparaginase (L-ASNase). In total, 66 endophytes were isolated, and the leaf-fragment colonisation rate was 11.78%.

Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Species Associated with Symptomatic Citrus Plants in Europe.

This study represents the first survey studying the occurrence, genetic diversity, and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with symptomatic citrus species in citrus-production areas in five European countries. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA), translation elongation factor 1-alpha () and β-tubulin () genes, nine species were identified as belonging to the genera , , and . Isolates of and were the most frequently detected, while had the widest distribution, occurring in four of the five countries sampled.

Evaluation of Mycotoxin Production and Phytopathogenicity of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Fusarium caatingaense and F. pernambucanum from Brazil.

Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC) is considered as one of the richest insecticolous species. Fusarium species synthesize toxic secondary metabolites that are not fully understood. Mycotoxin production and pathogenicity on germinating seeds, seedlings, and leaves must be carefully studied for the use of Fusarium species in the biological control of insect pests.

Living in the dark: Bat caves as hotspots of fungal diversity.

Bat caves are very special roosts that harbour thousands of bats of one or more species. Such sites may hold an incredible "dark fungal diversity" which is still underestimated. We explored the culturable fungal richness in the air, on bats, and in the guano in a bat cave in Brazil's Caatinga dry forest.

Discovery of species associated with canker disease of tree hosts from Mount Dongling of China.

Members of encompass important plant pathogens, saprobes and endophytes on a wide range of woody hosts with a worldwide distribution. In the current study, we obtained seven representative isolates from six tree hosts of Betulaceae, Juglandaceae, Rosaceae, Tiliaceae and Ulmaceae in Mount Dongling of China. Based on morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses using partial ITS, LSU, , , and gene sequences, we identified two known species ( and ) and two novel species ( and ).

Taxonomic circumscription of melanconis-like fungi causing canker disease in China.

Melanconis-like species comprise latent fungal pathogens with a wide range of woody hosts. Taxonomy of these pathogens is difficult due to their uninformative descriptions and similar asexual morphology. Based on molecular phylogenies, many species of this group were placed in various families of Diaporthales.

Penicillium and Talaromyces endophytes from Tillandsia catimbauensis, a bromeliad endemic in the Brazilian tropical dry forest, and their potential for L-asparaginase production.

This study was conducted to report the richness of endophytic Penicillium and Talaromyces species isolated from Tillandsia catimbauensis, a bromeliad endemic in the Brazilian tropical dry forest (Caatinga), to verify their ability to produce the enzyme L-asparaginase and to partially optimise the production of biomass and L-asparaginase of the best enzyme producer. A total of 184 endophytes were isolated, of which 52 (29%) were identified through morphological and phylogenetic analysis using β-tubulin sequences into nine putative species, four in Penicillium and five in Talaromyces. Talaromyces diversus and T.

New Penicillium and Talaromyces species from honey, pollen and nests of stingless bees.

Penicillium and Talaromyces species have a worldwide distribution and are isolated from various materials and hosts, including insects and their substrates. The aim of this study was to characterize the Penicillium and Talaromyces species obtained during a survey of honey, pollen and the inside of nests of Melipona scutellaris. A total of 100 isolates were obtained during the survey and 82% of those strains belonged to Penicillium and 18% to Talaromyces.

New endophytic species from cacti in Brazil, and description of gen. nov.

Brazil harbours a unique ecosystem, the Caatinga, which belongs to the tropical dry forest biome. This region has an important diversity of organisms, and recently several new fungal species have been described from different hosts and substrates within it. During a survey of fungal endophyte diversity from cacti in this forest, we isolated cladosporium-like fungi that were subjected to morphological and multigene phylogenetic analyses including , ITS, LSU, and gene sequences.

Aspergillus and Penicillium (Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae) in soils of the Brazilian tropical dry forest: diversity in an area of environmental preservation.

Soil is a complex biological system that plays a key role for plants and animals, especially in dry forests such as the Caatinga. Fungi from soils, such as Aspergillus and Penicillium, can be used as bioindica- tors for biodiversity conservation. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify species of Aspergillus and Penicillium in soil, from the municipalities of Tupanatinga and Ibimirim, with dry forests, in the Catimbau National Park.

Endophytic fungi from medicinal plant Bauhinia forficata: Diversity and biotechnological potential.

Bauhinia forficata is native to South America and used with relative success in the folk medicine in Brazil. The diversity, antibacterial activity, and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes of endophytic fungi associated with this plant were studied. Plant samples, which included leaves, sepals, stems, and seeds, were used.