Relationship between β-Cell Autoantibodies and Their Combination with Anthropometric and Metabolic Components and Microvascular Complications in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults.

Aims: Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between three autoantibodies and their combination with anthropometric and metabolic components and microvascular complications in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).

Methods: Our study included 189 LADA patients divided into four subgroups according to the autoantibodies present: glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) only; zinc transporter-8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A)+GADA; insulinoma-associated-2 autoantibodies (IA-2)+GADA; and ZnT8+IA-2+GADA.

Results: Compared to GADA positivity only, patients with ZnT8+GADA positivity and ZnT8+IA-2+GADA positivity had a shorter diabetes duration and lower body mass index (BMI); patients with ZnT8+GADA positivity were younger and showed an increase in glomerular filtration rate, while those with ZnT8+IA-2+GADA positivity had lower C-peptide and lower insulin resistance measured with HOMA2-IR.

Relative Frequency of Islet Autoimmunity in Children and Adolescents with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate islet autoimmunity and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children/adolescents with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD, and in family members of AITD patients with islet autoimmunity.

Methods: Islet-cell cytoplasmic, glutamic-acid decarboxylase, and tyrosine-phosphatase autoantibodies (AAbs) were measured in 161 AITD patients [127 with autoimmune thyroiditis (AT); 34 with Graves’ disease (GD)], 20 family members of AITD patients with islet autoimmunity, and 155 age-matched controls.

Results: Islet autoimmunity was found in 10.

Human Leukocyte Antigen class II polymorphisms among Croatian patients with type 1 diabetes and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 variant.

This study included 161 patients: 92 patients had type 1 diabetes (T1D) while 69 patients had a combination of T1D and autoimmune thyroiditis, the so-called autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 variant (APS3v). Those patients, as well as 93 controls, were typed for HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 genes to assess their possible contribution to the development/protection of T1D with/without autoimmune thyroiditis. Both HLA-DRB1*04 and -DRB1*03 frequencies were significantly higher among T1D and APS3v patients than in controls.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity might be a link between tumour necrosis factor alpha and insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes.

Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) leads to β cell damage in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) but also causes insulin resistance (IR). It modulates dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) activity, adipokine linked with both IR and T1DM. We were interested if there is an association of TNF α in conjunction with DPP-4 and IR in T1DM.

Fasting serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity is independently associated with alanine aminotransferase in type 1 diabetic patients.

Objectives: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) was recently proposed as a novel adipokine linked to insulin resistance (IR). As IR represents a cluster of disorders in hepatic and muscle cell insulin signalisation, we aimed to assess the possible correlation between fasting serum DPP4 activity, IR and liver enzymes in order to elucidate the question of hepatic contribution to serum DPP4 activity.

Design And Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 44 T1DM patients aged 18 to 65years.

Basal and postprandial change in serum fibroblast growth factor-21 concentration in type 1 diabetic mellitus and in healthy controls.

Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) appears to have an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism. FGF-21 secretion is mainly determined by nutritional status. The aim of this study was to measure basal and postprandial FGF-21 and postprandial change of FGF-21 concentration in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and in healthy controls, and to investigate the differences between the groups.

Difference in glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations between C-peptide negative type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy controls.

Background: The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has become a new scientific interest in the field of pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but the results of the published studies were contradictory. The aim of our study was therefore to measure fasting and postprandial GLP-1 concentrations in T1DM patients and in healthy controls and to examine the difference in those concentrations between the two groups of subjects.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 30 C-peptide negative T1DM patients, median age 37 years (20-59), with disease duration 22 years (3-45), and 10 healthy controls, median age 30 years (27-47).

Relationship between autoantibodies combination, metabolic syndrome components and diabetic complications in autoimmune diabetes in adults.

The aim of our study was to establish the possible association between double or triple antibody positivity and latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) phenotype in the context of metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence and its individual components. This cross-sectional study population comprised 69 islet cell antibody-positive patients coming for their comprehensive annual review. They were divided into three groups according to antibody positivity.