Sustainable Valorization of Rice Straw into Biochar and Carbon Dots Using a Novel One-Pot Approach for Dual Applications in Detection and Removal of Lead Ions.

Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic heavy metal that causes significant health hazards and environmental damage. Thus, the detection and removal of Pb ions in freshwater sources are imperative for safeguarding public health and the environment. Moreover, the transformation of single resources into multiple high-value products is vital for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Sliding mode-based direct power control of unified power quality conditioner.

The Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is a promising solution for mitigating multiple Power Quality(PQ) issues in distribution systems, including harmonics, poor power factor, voltage sag/swell and voltage imbalance. The conventional Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) in UPQCs suffers from wide switching frequency variations, chattering problems, and inherent active and reactive power coupling. This study proposes a nonlinear control method, Sliding Mode-based Direct Power Control (SMC-DPC), for the simultaneous regulation of the shunt and series compensators in a UPQC.

Practice Trends for Hearing Aid Fitting for Adults Among Audiologists in India: A Survey.

Audiologists are hearing healthcare specialists dedicated to the rehabilitation of individuals with hearing loss by prescribing the appropriate amplification devices. The process of choosing and fitting hearing aids involves several steps for which standardized guidelines have been issued. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the patterns of practice employed by Indian audiologists in the evaluation and fitting of hearing aids for adults.

Survivor detection approach for post earthquake search and rescue missions based on deep learning inspired algorithms.

Rapid and reliable detection of human survivors trapped under debris is crucial for effective post-earthquake search and rescue (SAR) operations. This paper presents a novel approach to survivor detection using a snake robot equipped with deep learning (DL) based object identification algorithms. We evaluated the performance of three main algorithms: Faster R-CNN, Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), and You Only Look Once (YOLO).

The Potential of Species as Probiotics in the Food Industry: A Review.

The demand for probiotics is increasing, providing opportunities for food and beverage products to incorporate and market these foods as a source of additional benefits. The most commonly used probiotics belong to the genera of and , and traditionally these bacteria have been incorporated into dairy products, where they have a wider history and can readily survive. More recently, there has been a desire to incorporate probiotics into various food products, including baked goods.

Unveiling the gut-eye axis: how microbial metabolites influence ocular health and disease.

The intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and ocular health has surpassed conventional medical beliefs, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of organ interconnectivity. This review investigates into the intricate relationship between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and their consequential impact on ocular health and disease pathogenesis. By examining the role of specific metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate and bile acids (BAs), herein we elucidate their significant contributions to ocular pathologies, thought-provoking the traditional belief of organ sterility, particularly in the field of ophthalmology.

miR34a-5p impedes CLOCK expression in chronodisruptive C57BL/6J mice and potentiates pro-atherogenic manifestations.

Introduction: Altered circadian rhythms underlie manifestation of several cardiovascular disorders, however a little is known about the mediating biomolecules. Multiple transcriptional-translational feedback loops control circadian-clockwork wherein; micro RNAs (miRNAs) are known to manifest post transcriptional regulation. This study assesses miR34a-5p as a mediating biomolecule.

CORM-A1 Alleviates Pro-Atherogenic Manifestations via miR-34a-5p Downregulation and an Improved Mitochondrial Function.

Atherogenesis involves multiple cell types undergoing robust metabolic processes resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and consequent oxidative stress. Carbon monoxide (CO) has been recently explored for its anti-atherogenic potency; however, the effects of CO on ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis remain unexplored. Herein, we describe the anti-atherogenic efficacy of CORM-A1, a CO donor, in in vitro (ox-LDL-treated HUVEC and MDMs) and in vivo (atherogenic diet-fed SD rats) experimental models.

Terahertz Metasurface-Based Refractive Index Sensor for Amino Acid Detection: A Numerical Approach.

A graphene disk metasurface-inspired refractive index sensor (RIS) with a subwavelength structure is numerically investigated to enhance the functionality of flexible metasurface in the biosensor sector. The main aim behind the sensor development is to detect amino acids with high sensitivity. The results in form of transmittance and the electric field intensity are carried out to verify the sensor's performance.

Synthesis, Covalency Sequence, and Crystal Features of Pentagonal Uranyl Acylpyrazolone Complexes along with DFT Calculation and Hirshfeld Analysis.

Three uranyl acylpyrazolone complexes [UO(PCBPMP)(CHCHOH)] (complex I), [UO(PCBMCPMP)(CHCHOH)] (complex II), and [UO(PCBPTMP)(CHCHOH)] (complex III) were synthesized from σ-donating acypyrazolone ligands to analyze their sequence of covalent characteristics, reactivity, and redox properties (PCBPMP: -chlorobenzoyl 1-phenyl 3-methyl 5-pyrazolone; PCBMCPMP: -chlorobenzoyl 1-(-chlorophenyl) 3-methyl 5-pyrazolone; PCBPTMP: -chlorobenzoyl 1-(-tolyl) 3-methyl 5-pyrazolone). An examination of the structure, pentagonal bipyramidal geometry, and composition of these complexes was conducted mainly through their single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) data, H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) δ-values, plots of thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), significant Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) vibrations, gravimetric estimation, and molar conductivity values. The covalency order was found to be complex II > III > I, which mainly depends on values of stretching frequencies, average bond lengths of axial uranyl bonds, values of average bond lengths on the pentagonal equatorial plane, solvent coordination on the fifth site of a pentagonal plane, and the type of aryl group on the nitrogen of the pyrazolone ring.

On the Design of Secured and Reliable Dynamic Access Control Scheme of Patient E-Healthcare Records in Cloud Environment.

Traditional healthcare services have changed into modern ones in which doctors can diagnose patients from a distance. All stakeholders, including patients, ward boy, life insurance agents, physicians, and others, have easy access to patients' medical records due to cloud computing. The cloud's services are very cost-effective and scalable, and provide various mobile access options for a patient's electronic health records (EHRs).

Autonomous regulation of retinal insulin biosynthesis in diabetes.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a neurodegenerative disease that results as a complication of dysregulated glucose metabolism, or diabetes. The signaling of insulin is lost or dampened in diabetes, but this hormone has also been shown to be an important neurotrophic factor which supports neurons of the brain. The role of local insulin synthesis and secretion in the retina, however, is unclear.

Expression and activation of the ketone body receptor HCAR2/GPR109A promotes preservation of retinal endothelial cell barrier function.

Preservation of retinal barrier function is critical to maintenance of retinal health. Therefore, it is not surprising that loss of barrier integrity is a pathologic feature common to degenerative retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy. Our prior studies demonstrate the importance of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2/GPR109A (HCAR2/GPR109A) expression in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to outer retinal barrier integrity.

New copper(II) μ-alkoxo-μ-carboxylato double-bridged complexes as models for the active site of catechol oxidase: synthesis, spectral characterization and DFT calculations.

A series of four copper(II) μ-Alkoxo-μ-carboxylato double bridged complexes, [{Cu(L)}][(μ-OC-CO] , [{Cu(L)}(μ-OC-(CH)CO] , [{Cu(L)}(μ-OC-CH-CO] and [{Cu(L)}(μ-OC-CH-CO] (HL = 4-bromo-2-((E)-((3-(((E)-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)-2-hydroxypropyl) imino) methyl)-6-methoxyphenol and μ-dicarboxylate ions = oxalate, malonate, succinate and terephthalate) have been synthesized and characterized using several physicochemical techniques. The tridentate nature of HL is interpreted from IR spectra. The Epr spectra of these complexes are characteristic of the quintet state (S = 2) in central features and the triplet state (S = 1) of these tetranuclear complexes.

Predictive model for growth of Clostridium botulinum from spores during cooling of cooked ground chicken.

Cooking temperature of poultry meat is typically inadequate to inactivate the heat resistant spores of Clostridium botulinum. The purpose of this study is to develop a predictive model for C. botulinum during cooling of cooked ground chicken.

A review on remediation technologies using functionalized Cyclodextrin.

Modern lifestyle and alleviated anthropogenic activities have increased the pollutant load, ultimately causing stress on the environment. In industrialization, many harmful compounds are released into the environment polluting air, water, and soil, triggering adverse impacts on the ecosystem and human beings. Therefore, the development of advanced remediation technologies turns out as a significant environmental priority.

Steroid and fatty acid contents from the leaves of .

Aim: To extract and identify the non-polar entities from the leaves of Carica papaya, a plant used for medicinal purpose as folk medicine.

Materials And Methods: Petroleum ether extract of the Carica papaya leaves was used for this study. Saponification process and methylation process was performed to separate fatty acids and unsaponifiable matters.

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Retinal Degeneration.

Inflammation and oxidative stress play prominent roles in the pathogenesis of many degenerative diseases of the retina, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinal vein occlusion, and retinitis pigmentosa [...

Pharmacological and Metabolic Significance of Bile Acids in Retinal Diseases.

Bile acids (BAs) are amphipathic sterols primarily synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and released in the intestinal lumen upon food intake. BAs play important roles in micellination of dietary lipids, stimulating bile flow, promoting biliary phospholipid secretion, and regulating cholesterol synthesis and elimination. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that, aside from their conventional biological function, BAs are also important signaling molecules and therapeutic tools.

A Comprehensive Review Evaluating the Impact of Protein Source (Vegetarian vs. Meat Based) in Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common neurological consequence in patients with cirrhosis and has a healthcare burden of USD 5370 to 50,120 per patient annually. HE significantly hampers the quality of life and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients with cirrhosis are at a high risk for protein-calorie malnutrition due to altered metabolism.

Selenomethionine (Se-Met) Induces the Cystine/Glutamate Exchanger SLC7A11 in Cultured Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) Cells: Implications for Antioxidant Therapy in Aging Retina.

Oxidative damage has been identified as a major causative factor in degenerative diseases of the retina; retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are at high risk. Hence, identifying novel strategies for increasing the antioxidant capacity of RPE cells, the purpose of this study, is important. Specifically, we evaluated the influence of selenium in the form of selenomethionine (Se-Met) in cultured RPE cells on system xc- expression and functional activity and on cellular levels of glutathione, a major cellular antioxidant.

Effectiveness of Bacteriophages Against Biofilm-Forming Shiga-Toxigenic on Leafy Greens and Cucumbers.

Shiga-toxigenic (STEC) have caused several produce-associated outbreaks, making it challenging to control these pathogens. Bacteriophages could serve as effective biocontrol. Spinach, lettuce, and cucumbers, inoculated with STEC (O157, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145), were treated with lytic bacteriophages and stored at 4°C for 3 days.

Inactivation of Endothelial ADAM17 Reduces Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Neuronal and Vascular Damage.

Retinal ischemia contributes to visual impairment in ischemic retinopathies. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase ADAM17 is implicated in multiple vascular pathologies through its ability to regulate inflammatory signaling via ectodomain shedding. We investigated the role of endothelial ADAM17 in neuronal and vascular degeneration associated with retinal ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury using mice with conditional inactivation of ADAM17 in vascular endothelium.

Inhibition of HDAC6 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Retinal Redox Imbalance and Microangiopathy.

We investigated the contributing role of the histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) to the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Furthermore, we examined the mechanism of action of HDAC6 in human retinal endothelial cells (HuREC) exposed to glucidic stress. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-rats), a rat model of type 1 diabetes, were used as model of DR.