Correlations between histopathologic findings, serum biomarker levels, and clinical outcomes in Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN).

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe dermatological emergencies. The role of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis, progression of the disease, and histopathologic features is not fully elucidated. To address this gap, we conducted a retrospective study examining the associations between 42 serum biomarkers, histopathologic findings, and clinical outcomes in SJS/TEN patients.

Case Report: Simple Nodular Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Autochthonous Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis in an 18-Month-Old Girl: The First Pediatric Case in Thailand and Literature Review.

We report an autochthonous case of simple, localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in a healthy 18-month-old girl from southern Thailand. The patient presented with a solitary chronic cutaneous nodular lesion on her left cheek for approximately 1 year. Histopathological dissection of the cheek skin biopsy demonstrated remarkably nodular and interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes and histiocytes full of intracellular oval-shaped amastigotes, consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

B1 repetitive sequence methylation enhances wound healing of second-degree burns in rats.

The accumulation of DNA damage in burn wounds delays wound healing. DNA methylation by short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) small interfering (si)RNA prevents DNA damage and promotes cell proliferation. Therefore, SINE siRNA may be able to promote burn wound healing.

Gefitinib-associated lichen planus pigmentosus-like eruption.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is one of the oncogenic pathways in non-small cell lung cancer. Gefitinib is classified as a first-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). A variety of cutaneous adverse effects related to the drug has been reported.

Methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy may be superior to 5% amorolfine nail lacquer for non-dermatophyte onychomycosis.

Background: Methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy as an antimicrobial has been reported to improve onychomycosis.

Objectives: To compare the short-term efficacy of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT) and 5% amorolfine nail lacquer (AMO) for toenail onychomycosis using higher intensity and shorter total treatment period than previously reported.

Methods: Twenty-seven toenails with onychomycosis were randomized to receive either six biweekly sessions of MB-PDT or AMO for twelve weeks.

Pulsed-dye laser as an adjuvant treatment for discoid lupus erythematosus: a randomized, controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pulsed-dye laser (PDL) for discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) in a double blinded, randomized, controlled fashion.

Method: Forty-eight DLE lesions from nine patients were recruited. The lesions on one side of the body were randomized into the treatment group and the other side served as a control.

Mutations in γ-secretase subunit-encoding PSENEN underlie Dowling-Degos disease associated with acne inversa.

Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is an autosomal-dominant disorder of skin pigmentation associated with mutations in keratin 5 (KRT5), protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 (POFUT1), or protein O-glucosyltransferase 1 (POGLUT1). Here, we have identified 6 heterozygous truncating mutations in PSENEN, encoding presenilin enhancer protein 2, in 6 unrelated patients and families with DDD in whom mutations in KRT5, POFUT1, and POGLUT1 have been excluded. Further examination revealed that the histopathologic feature of follicular hyperkeratosis distinguished these 6 patients from previously studied individuals with DDD.

The Efficacy of Gynura pseudochina DC. var. hispida Thv. Ointment in Treating Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: A recent study showed that Gynura pseudochina DC. var. hispida Thv.

Clinical characteristics associated with Spitz nevi and Spitzoid malignant melanomas: the Yale University Spitzoid Neoplasm Repository experience, 1991 to 2008.

Background: Spitz nevi and Spitzoid malignant melanomas are uncommon and may be difficult to distinguish histopathologically. Identification of clinical features associated with these lesions may aid in diagnosis.

Objective: We sought to identify clinical characteristics associated with Spitz nevi and Spitzoid malignant melanomas.

Expanding phenotypic spectrum of familial comedones.

Familial comedones is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by thousands of comedones developing in teens. Some pits or inflammatory lesions may coexist. Only 32 patients from three families have previously been reported.

Generalized dowling-degos disease: case reports.

Dowling-Degos disease (DDD) is a rare autosomal dominant trait characterized by numerous, symmetrical, progressive and pigmented macules over the axillae, groins, face, neck, arms and trunk as well as scattered comedo-like lesions (dark dot, follicles) and pitted acneiform scars. Histopathology is diagnostic testing using a distinctive form of acanthosis, characterized by an irregular elongation of thin branching rete ridges, with a concentration of melanin at the tips. We report cases of generalized DDD in a single family with autosomal dominant penetrance.

Detecting HPV in cutaneous lesions using anti-HPV antibody immunohistochemistry.

Most condyloma are diagnosed clinically (without a biopsy) or histopathologically (if biopsied) without any ancillary testing. In some cases, additional confirmation of productive infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) or typing of HPV is desired, and in situ hybridization (ISH) is the most commonly used test. However, ISH is not readily available in most laboratories and only detects certain genital subtypes of HPV.

Expression of p16 alone does not differentiate between Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanoma.

Background: Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas show overlapping histopathologic features, often making the diagnosis challenging. The p16 protein functions as a tumor suppressor and loss of its expression may be seen in some melanomas.

Methods: We evaluated 18 Spitz nevi and 19 Spitzoid melanomas from the Yale Spitzoid Neoplasm Repository for p16 expression.

Neuropilin-2 as a useful marker in the differentiation between Spitzoid malignant melanoma and Spitz nevus.

Background: Spitzoid malignant melanoma (SMM) shares many histopathologic features with Spitz nevus (SN). The distinction between SMM and SN remains one of the most difficult diagnostic problems in dermatopathology. Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) is a cytoplasmic/cell surface protein that is a mediator of melanoma-endothelial cell interaction.

Myrmecia wart inclusions as an incidental histopathologic finding.

Background: Latent infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) has been described for genital (mucosal) and epidermodysplasia verruciformis subtypes. Only rarely has cutaneotropic, non-oncogenic HPV been found by polymerase chain reaction studies in normal skin.

Methods: We noted myrmecia wart inclusions as an incidental histopathologic finding in four specimens from diverse sites (eyebrow, scalp, forehead, leg).