Neural networks for predicting etiological diagnosis of uveitis.

Background/objectives: The large number and heterogeneity of causes of uveitis make the etiological diagnosis a complex task. The clinician must consider all the information concerning the ophthalmological and extra-ophthalmological features of the patient. Diagnostic machine learning algorithms have been developed and provide a correct diagnosis in one-half to three-quarters of cases.

Etiological Diagnosis of Uveitis: Contribution of the of the Extra-Ophthalmological Clinical Examination.

Purpose: Determining uveitis etiology is a challenge. It is based primarily on demographic data and the characteristics of eye examination. It is not clear to what extent extraocular physical signs contribute to elucidating the etiology.

H syndrome treated with Tocilizumab: two case reports and literature review.

H syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by the following clinical features: cutaneous hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hepatosplenomegaly, heart anomalies, hearing loss, hypogonadism, short stature, hallux valgus, hyperglycemia, fixed flexion contractures of the toe joints, and the proximal interphalangeal joints. In rare cases, autoinflammatory and lymphoproliferative manifestations have also been reported. This disorder is due to loss-of-function mutations in gene, which encode the equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3.

Diagnosis, Classification, and Assessment of the Underlying Etiology of Uveitis by Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review.

Recent years have seen the emergence and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnostic decision support systems. There are approximately 80 etiologies that can underly uveitis, some very rare, and AI may lend itself to their detection. This synthesis of the literature selected articles that focused on the use of AI in determining the diagnosis, classification, and underlying etiology of uveitis.

Sarcoidosis-Related Uveitis: A Review.

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that involves the eyes in 10-55% of cases, sometimes without systemic involvement. All eye structures can be affected, but uveitis is the most common ocular manifestation and causes vision loss. The typical ophthalmological appearance of these uveitis is granulomatous (in cases with anterior involvement), which are usually bilateral and with synechiae.

[Sarcoid uveitis: Ophthalmologist's and internist's viewpoints].

Sarcoidosis is one of the leading causes of inflammatory eye disease. All ocular structures can be affected, but uveitis is the main manifestation responsible for vision loss in ocular sarcoidosis. Typical sarcoid anterior uveitis presents with mutton-fat keratic precipitates, iris nodules, and posterior synechiae.

Management of Non-Infectious Uveitis, a Selection of Topical Items Updating.

First of all, we would like to thank all of the authors for their contributions and the editorial staff who enabled the achievement of this «Diagnosis and Management of Non-infectious Uveitis: Old and New Challenges» Special Issue [...

[Parvovirus B19 infections in adults].

Acute Parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection is responsible for erythema infectiosum in children and non-specific polyarthralgias in immunocompetent adults associated with skin lesions and rarer manifestations (hepatic, neurological, cardiac or nephrological). In immunocompromised patients, cytopenias are more frequent and in some cases, viremia persists and is responsible for PVB19 chronic infection. PVB19 is responsible for pure red cell aplasia during chronic hemolytic diseases.

Murine typhus complicated by sHLH mimicking adult-onset Still's disease.

Introduction: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare multisystemic disorder and a diagnostic challenge for physicians because of the wide range of differential diagnoses. Common features of AOSD and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) could favour diagnostic uncertainty, in particular in case of infection-related sHLH.

Observation: A 61-year-old man was admitted to our internal medicine department for suspected AOSD.

Glucose uptake by rat erythroid cells: the effects of erythropoietin and dexamethasone.

Erythropoietin (Ep) stimulated glucose uptake by erythroid progenitor cells in the liver of fetal rats, as measured by [3H]2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake. This dose-dependent stimulation was maximal at 0.2 U/ml Ep and decreased during cell differentiation.

Induction of erythropoietin receptors during aclacinomycin-mediated erythroid differentiation of K562 leukemia cells.

Human K562 leukemia cells have been induced to differentiate along the erythroid lineage by aclacinomycin (ACM), an anthracyclic antitumor drug. During differentiation over 3 days in culture, the expression and the nature of erythropoietin (EPO) receptors have been analyzed using 125I-labeled bioactive recombinant human EPO. Aclacinomycin at 20 nM, the concentration inducing optimum differentiation, progressively increased EPO-specific binding.

Differentiating activity of adriamycin in human erythroleukemic cells: effect on globin and heme synthesis.

The human leukemic cell line K 562 can be induced to differentiate along the erythroid lineage by various chemical compounds and particularly by the anthracyclic antitumor drug, adriamycin (ADR). In this study, we show that, in the presence of a subtoxic concentration of ADR (30 nM), the appearance of hemoglobin-producing K 562 cells is associated with a specific increase in globin mRNA accumulation corresponding to epsilon-, zeta-, gamma-, alpha-globin chains. At the translational level, bulk protein synthesis is strongly decreased following ADR treatment, whereas globin chain synthesis is specifically enhanced.

In vivo effects of glucocorticoid excess on the contents of the rat fetal liver in erythroid progenitors.

Following a laparotomy of the pregnant rat at 12 days of gestation, erythroid cell suspensions prepared from the fetal livers at 14 days contained an increased proportion of progenitor cells forming colonies after 2 or 7 days of culture. When laparotomy was performed at 14 days and the fetal livers were sampled at 16 days, the opposite effects were observed. Injection of 0.

The erythropoietin receptor of rat erythroid progenitor lens. Characterization and affinity cross-linkage.

Commercially available 125I-labeled erythropoietin, obtained by genetic engineering from a human gene, was used to characterize receptors for this hormone on the cell surface of rat erythroid progenitor cells. A low number of high affinity binding sites (487 +/- 32 sites/cell, Kd = 167 +/- 14 pm) were found. Nonerythroid cells and erythrocytes did not exhibit specific binding.

Murine erythroleukaemia cells (Friend cells) possess high-affinity binding sites for erythropoietin.

Murine erythroleukaemia cells represent erythroid precursors blocked near the CFU-E or proerythroblast stage. In contrast to their non-leukaemic equivalents, neither their proliferation nor their differentiation seems to be affected by erythropoietin. However, we show in this paper that both uncommitted and committed, benzidine-positive, cells bind iodinated erythropoietin.

Induction by hemin of proliferation and of differentiation of progenitor erythroid cells responsible for erythropoietin.

Erythroid progenitor cells were obtained from rat fetal liver by immunolysis of the whole erythroid population with an antiserum directed against adult rat erythrocytes, followed by separation on a density gradient. Immediately after their isolation, these cells contained only minute amounts of globin mRNAs and their heme synthesis was negligible. In the absence of erythropoietin (Epo), they did not proliferate or differentiate.

Mode of action of erythropoietin and glucocorticoids on the hepatic erythroid precursor cells: role of prostaglandins.

The hypothesis that prostaglandins, and especially PGE2, are the second messengers of erythropoietin (Ep) and that glucocorticoids inhibit Ep action by inhibiting PG synthesis was tested on the erythroid cell line from fetal rat liver. The optimal (10(-9) M) stimulatory concentration of PGE2 did not reproduce, by far, the maximal effect of Ep on the growth of CFUE erythroid colonies. Ep did not increase PGE2 release in liquid culture media of cell suspensions made of the whole erythroid line or enriched (over 85%) in precursor cells.

Effect of the antiglucocorticoid agent RU 38486 on the dexamethasone inhibition of Friend cell differentiation.

Glucocorticoid hormones are known to inhibit the erythroid differentiation of Friend cells. The mechanism of action of these hormones has been questioned, and results suggesting an action not involving the nuclear binding of the receptors have been published. We have used the antiglucocorticoid RU 38486 to block the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on the induced differentiation of Friend cells.

Effect of thyroid hormones on postnatal fibrinogen levels in the rat.

From normal adult values of about 2.4 g/l at birth, rat plasma fibrinogen levels decrease to a minimum between 10 and 30 days of age and increase again at the end of weaning. The values of fibrinogenemia measured with different methods (heat precipitation at 56 degrees C versus clotting time) disagree.

Kinetics of dexamethasone binding to the glucocorticoid receptor of intact erythroid cells from rat fetal liver.

The erythroid cells from the rat fetal liver have been shown to possess a receptor for glucocorticoids. In the present work, the characteristics of [3H]dexamethasone binding have been studied on intact cells, in order to minimize receptor degradation, and at 4 degrees C, in order to prevent the activation of the hormone-receptor complex. Dissociation kinetics were those of a first-order reaction and the value of the rate constant of dissociation was similar to the values available in the literature.

In vitro and in vivo regulation of hepatic erythropoiesis by erythropoietin and glucocorticoids in the rat fetus.

Glucocorticoids affect evolution of rat fetal liver erythropoietic tissue, where their receptors have been characterized. This paper describes erythropoietin (Ep) and dexamethasone (Dex) effects on the number of CFUE and BFUE grown from erythroid cells isolated from 14 day fetal livers. CFUE number showed a linear log dose-response towards Ep.