The Impact of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Various Neurodegenerative Dementia Syndromes: A Neuropathological Study.

Purpose: The Boston criteria for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) have to be confirmed by postmortem examination. The present study investigates the incidence and the cerebrovascular impact of the severity of CAA in various neurodegenerative dementia diseases.

Material And Methods: 208 patients underwent an autopsy.

Aging and cerebrovascular lesions in pure and in mixed neurodegenerative and vascular dementia brains: a neuropathological study.

Introduction: The prevalence of dementia is increasing in our aging population. Because of the complexity of disease pathology, dementia classifications remain controversial. The present post-mortem study investigates whether there are age differences between dementia brains with a single pure neurodegenerative or cerebrovascular disease and those with mixed pathological features.

Pathogenic variants in the ABCC6 gene are associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke causes a high mortality and morbidity worldwide. It results from a complex interplay of incompletely known environmental and genetic risk factors. We investigated the ABCC6 gene as a candidate risk factor for ischemic stroke because of the increased ischemic stroke incidence in the autosomal recessive disorder pseudoxanthoma elasticum, caused by biallelic pathogenic ABCC6 variants, the higher cardiovascular risk in heterozygous carriers and the established role of ABCC6 dysfunction in myocardial ischemia.

Topographic distribution of brain iron deposition and small cerebrovascular lesions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a post-mortem 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging study with neuropathological correlates.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) in 15% of the cases. A neuropathological continuity between ALS and FTLD-TDP is suspected. The present post-mortem 7.

Motor evoked potentials in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorder grade II.

Background And Purpose: It is common belief that psychological problems influence the persistence of complains in patients with so-called mild whiplash-associated disorders (WADs). The usefulness of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) is investigated in patients with grade II WAD and remaining complains for more than 6 months.

Patients And Methods: Twenty consecutive patients, aged between 24 and 58 years, with persistent neck pain for months after a car accident were included.

Cerebrovascular Lesions in Mixed Neurodegenerative Dementia: A Neuropathological and Magnetic Resonance Study.

Background: In elderly brains of demented patients, Alzheimer and Lewy body pathology (LBP) are frequently associated. Cortical microinfarcts (CoMIs) are more observed in Lewy body disease, even in the absence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). The present neuropathological and 7.

Frequency and topography of small cerebrovascular lesions in vascular and in mixed dementia: a post-mortem 7-tesla magnetic resonance imaging study with neuropathological correlates.

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Neuroimaging in vascular cognitive impairment: a state-of-the-art review.

Imaging is critical in the diagnosis and treatment of dementia, particularly in vascular cognitive impairment, due to the visualization of ischemic and hemorrhagic injury of gray and white matter. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) provide structural and functional information. Clinical MRI is both generally available and versatile - T2-weighted images show infarcts, FLAIR shows white matter changes and lacunar infarcts, and susceptibility-weighted images reveal microbleeds.

Lobar intracerebral haematomas: Neuropathological and 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging evaluation.

Background And Purpose: The Boston criteria for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) need validation by neuropathological examination in patients with lobar cerebral haematomas (LCHs). In "vivo" 1.5-tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is unreliable to detect the age-related signal changes in LCHs.

The Topography of Cortical Microinfarcts in Neurodegenerative Diseases and in Vascular Dementia: A Postmortem 7.0-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Background: Cortical microinfarcts (CoMIs) are considered as barely visible lesions in clinical-neuroradiological correlation studies. On postmortem 7.0-tesla MRI, however, CoMIs of different size are easily detected.

The incidence of post-mortem neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular pathology in mixed dementia.

Background: The clinical picture of dementia in most aged patients is due to a combination of different neurodegenerative processes and frequently associated to cerebrovascular lesions. They are called mixed dementia (MixD) cases, to be differentiated from those with pure vascular dementia (VaD) and those with Alzheimer's dementia (AD). The present study compares the frequency of different associated lesions in these disease groups.

Topographic distribution of white matter changes and lacunar infarcts in neurodegenerative and vascular dementia syndromes: A post-mortem 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: White matter changes and lacunar infarcts are regarded as linked to the same underlying small-vessel pathology. On magnetic resonance imaging, white matter changes are frequently observed, while the number of lacunar infarcts is probably underestimated. The present study post-mortem 7.

Detection of Cortical Microbleeds in Postmortem Brains of Patients with Lewy Body Dementia: A 7.0-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study with Neuropathological Correlates.

Background: It is unclear whether associated cerebrovascular pathology contributes to the clinical spectrum of Lewy body dementia (LBD).

Summary: The present postmortem 7.0-tesla MRI study investigates the anatomical distribution of cortical microbleeds (CoMBs) in LBD brains with and without associated Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).

The significance of cortical cerebellar microbleeds and microinfarcts in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. A post-mortem 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance study with neuropathological correlates.

Background: As cortical microbleeds and microinfarcts in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases have been studied predominantly at the level of the cerebral hemispheres and linked to the presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), we aimed at determining with 7.0-tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) whether the causes and the frequency of cortical cerebellar microbleeds (CCeMBs) and microinfarcts (CCeMIs) are the same.

Materials And Methods: Hundred and four postmortem brains, composed of 29 with pure Alzheimer's disease (AD), 9 with AD associated to CAA, 10 with frontotemporal lobar degeneration, 9 with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 10 with Lewy body disease, 12 with progressive supranuclear palsy, 9 with vascular dementia (VaD), and 16 controls, were examined.

Prevalence of small cerebral bleeds in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy: a neuropathological study with 7.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging correlates.

Introduction: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a degenerative disease affecting mainly the brain stem, basal ganglia and cerebellum. Associated cerebrovascular lesions, mainly small cerebral bleeds, are frequently observed in some neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer dementia and rare in others such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The present post-mortem study investigates the prevalence and distribution of small cerebral bleeds in PSP brains.

Prevalence of cerebrovascular lesions in patients with Lewy body dementia: a neuropathological study.

Background: The co-existence of vascular pathology in patients with Lewy body dementia (LBD) is still a matter of debate. This study analyses the prevalence and the severity of cerebrovascular lesions in post-mortem brains of patients with LBD.

Patients And Methods: Twenty brains of demented patients with autopsy-proven Lewy body disease were compared to 14 brains of age-matched controls.

The significance of small cerebral bleeds in neurodegenerative dementia syndromes.

Small cerebral bleeds are frequently observed in brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). However, they are also observed in patients with other neurodegenerative dementias and in persons without cognitive impairment. The aim of this survey is to compare the bleeding load in brains with different dementia syndromes and in age-matched controls.

Microbleeds in postmortem brains of patients with Alzheimer disease: a T2*-weighted gradient-echo 7.0 T magnetic resonance imaging study.

This study aims to determine the distribution and to quantify microbleeds (MBs) in postmortem brains of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) on T2*-weighted gradient-echo 7.0 T magnetic resonance imaging. Twenty-eight AD brains were compared with 5 controls.

Histopathological stainings and definitions of vascular disruptions in the elderly brain.

Post-mortem neuropathological examination still remains an important tool not only to confirm the clinical diagnosis of the neurodegenerative dementia but also for research purposes. Cerebrovascular lesions are more and more suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer dementia (AD). In particular the occurrence of small cerebral bleeds becomes a main topic of interest.

Cerebrovascular lesions in patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration: a neuropathological study.

Background: Cerebrovascular lesions are frequently observed in Alzheimer brains. Not all of them are due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Some of them are related to the severity of the degenerative process itself, implying additional vascular factors in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia.

Modifying effect of arterial hypertension on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Given the high oxygen consumption of motor neurons, we sought to assess the frequency and prognostic value of arterial hypertension (affecting brain's oxygen supply) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We consecutively and prospectively included all ALS patients with regular medical follow-up and documented blood pressure measurements and monitored them until death. Vascular factors diagnosed prior to the onset of motor signs in ALS patients were compared with those in a stratified, age- and gender-matched case-control population.

Risk factors for late-onset seizures related to cerebral contusions in adults with a moderate traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: This prospective study compares the characteristics of patients with a moderately severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and cerebral contusions who develop late-onset seizures to those who do not.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-nine adult TBI patients with cerebral contusions, who did not need a neurosurgical treatment, could be followed up for more than 3years. Fourteen patients developed seizures during that period and 25 did not.

Prevalence of small cerebral bleeds in patients with a neurodegenerative dementia: a neuropathological study.

Background: Small cerebral bleeds are frequently observed on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Alzheimer dementia (AD). Histological confirmations in post-mortem brains are scarce. This study describes the prevalence of cerebrovascular lesions and the quantification of the "bleeding load" in post-mortem brains of patients with neurodegenerative dementias.