Osteomyelitis of the jaw: time to rethink the bone sampling strategy?

This work aims at describing the diversity of osteomyelitis of the jaw (OJ) and at assessing the relevance of a new method designed to avoid salivary contamination during bone sampling in order to improve microbiological analysis and clinical decision-making. We reviewed medical and microbiological data of patients with a suspected OJ based on clinical and/or CT-scan signs and at least one bone sample made for microbiological analysis. During the study period, a new procedure for intraoral bone sampling was elaborated by surgeons and infectious diseases specialists authoring this article (based on stratified samples, cleaning of the surgical site and change of instruments between each sample).

[Masticatory apparatus disorder: how can rehabilitation treatment help?].

Introduction: The temporomandibular joint is highly adaptive and masticatory apparatus disorders (MAD) can occur when its ability to adapt is overwhelmed. Occlusal etiologies were long pinpointed as the sole culprits. However, a consensus now exists which minimizes their involvement.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) for medical applications.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a polyaromatic semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer with mechanical properties favorable for bio-medical applications. Polyetheretherketone forms: PEEK-LT1, PEEK-LT2, and PEEK-LT3 have already been applied in different surgical fields: spine surgery, orthopedic surgery, maxillo-facial surgery etc. Synthesis of PEEK composites broadens the physicochemical and mechanical properties of PEEK materials.

Median cleft of the upper lip: A new classification to guide treatment decisions.

Median cleft of the upper lip (MCL) is a specific and rare entity on the spectrum of facial clefts. MCL have different clinical expressions and can be either isolated or part of multiple malformations. Confusion still exists regarding the explanation and classification of MCL; some cases have been reported in the literature, but no studies carried out a complete review of the literature.

A New Rat Model for Translational Research in Bone Regeneration.

The European Union (EU) directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purpose focused on reducing the number of animals and refinement of breeding. Animal studies are necessary to protect human health. Lots of animal models exist to study bone regeneration, but a reliable, well reproducible, and relatively inexpensive model with the possibility for multiple testing in the same animal is still missing.

Sprayed cells and polyelectrolyte films for biomaterial functionalization: the influence of physical PLL-PGA film treatments on dental pulp cell behavior.

Further development of biomaterials is expected as advanced therapeutic products must be compliant to good manufacturing practice regulations. A spraying method for building-up polyelectrolyte films followed by the deposition of dental pulp cells by spraying is presented. Physical treatments of UV irradiation and a drying/wetting process are applied to the system.

Dermal flaps in breast reduction: prospective study in 100 breasts.

The most common complication of breast reduction with inverted T-scar technique is wound dehiscence at the junction of the vertical and horizontal sutures. In this study, a technique involving three triangular dermal flaps is presented with the results for healing in the junctional T zone. Fifty women were included in a comparative, single-center randomized double-blind prospective study to evaluate the efficiency of the three-triangular dermal-flap technique in healing in the junctional T zone.

Extramandibular position of the inferior alveolar nerve. Analysis and review of the literature.

We report a highly unusual case of unilateral absence of the mental foramen, with the inferior alveolar nerve exiting the mandible via an orifice situated on the lateral surface of the angle of the mandible. However, the teeth on this side of the dental arch had normal sensitivity, and the mandible had grown correctly. Despite the absence of intraosseous course, the inferior alveolar nerve seems to keep its neural and guide roles.

Assessment of leakage at the implant-abutment connection using a new gas flow method.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate, with a new gas flow technique, leakage at the implant/abutment junction in systems with four different connections.

Materials And Methods: Five Branemark System, five One Morse, five Intra-lock System, and five Ankylos Plus implants and abutments were used. A hole was drilled in the apex of each implant to allow gas to flow through the connection from negative to atmospheric pressure.

Use of botulinum toxin type A to improve treatment of facial wounds: a prospective randomised study.

Background: The tension vectors acting on the wound edges are transmitted to immature collagen fibres synthesised during the normal healing phase. This accounts for scar widening as well as hypertrophic and hyperpigmented scars. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether early injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTA), which induces temporary muscular paralysis, decreases tension vectors on wound edges and enhances scarring of facial wounds.

Reconstruction of anterior scalp defect with V-Y advancement flap pedicled on the temporal fascia superficialis.

Reconstruction of scalp defect can call upon several surgical techniques. Direct joining is used whenever possible, but because of the low laxity of the scalp, other approaches are often required. Several types of autoclosing flaps of the scalp have been described in the literature.

In vitro investigation of fluorescence of carious dentin observed with a Soprolife® camera.

Objectives: Our aim was to determine the origin of the red fluorescence of carious dentine observed with the Soprolife® camera.

Methods: We conducted in vitro studies to evaluate the origin of the red fluorescence using acids and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) to mimic caries and methylglycoxal (MGO) to evaluate the effect of glycation reactions on the red fluorescence. In every step of these models, we detected the changes of dentin photonic response with Soprolife® in daylight mode and in treatment mode.

Spatulated anastomosis with continuous suture in microreconstructive surgery.

In a well-proven criterion standard technique commonly used in cardiovascular surgery for anastomosis, proximal and distal vessels are spatulated to increase the anastomotic surface and improve congruency between the 2 vessels. Anastomosis is performed with continuous suture of the 2 bisected extremities.A review of the current literature has confirmed that our preliminary results were similar to those achieved by surgeons using the simple interrupted suture technique for microsurgical anastomosis.

Correlation of images: technique for mandible biomechanics analysis.

Various experimental or physicomathematical methods can be used to calculate the biomechanical behavior of the mandible. In this study, we tested a new tool for the analysis of mandibular surface strain based on the correlation of images. Five fresh explanted human mandibles were placed in a loading device allowing replication of a physiologic biting exercise.

Complications of condylar fracture osteosynthesis.

Background: Condylar fracture osteosynthesis is today commonly practiced, but only a few studies deal with complications due to plates or screws loosening.

Methods: We made a retrospective analysis of 53 operated condylar fractures treated with different fixation devices from July 2002 to July 2007. We looked for complications and its relationship with the osteosynthesis device used.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery: what are the French specificities?

Purpose: Oral and maxillofacial surgery has expanded rapidly over the past century. Recognition in France has grown since the first face transplantation in the world performed by Professor Bernard Devauchelle. This speciality, which seems to correspond to a narrow scope of services, actually involves oral, plastic, reconstructive, and cosmetic surgeries of the face.

Impact of genioplasty on mandibular growth during puberty.

Aim: Genioplasty has been validated for the correction of mandibular vertical excess and is generally performed at the end of the growth period, either alone or in association with other forms of osteotomy. Our aim was to assess whether genioplasty performed at an earlier age can impact mandibular growth.

Methods: This comparative prospective study included 25 high-angle, mouth-breathing adolescents following orthodontic and ENT treatment.

Osteogenic capacity of vascularised periosteum: an experimental study on mandibular irradiated bone in rabbits.

Background: Free flaps are presently the best way to treat advanced mandibular ostonecrosis. Nevertheless, the functional and morphological results can be improved. To avoid a mandibular resection, a free periosteal flap was envisioned.

Prognostic value of a three-grade classification in primary epithelial parotid carcinoma: result of a histological review from a 20-year experience of total parotidectomy with neck dissection in a single institution.

Background: The tumour grading of primary parotid cancers (PPCs) remains controversial.

Methods: A 20-year standardised single centre treatment has been assessed retrospectively. The histological review of 155 consecutively treated parotid malignancies identified 96 suitable cases for univariate and multivariate survival analyses.

Fat microinfiltration autografting for facial restructuring in HIV patients.

Introduction: Antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection are closely associated with faciocervical and peripheral lipodystrophies. There are several options for surgical treatment of facial lipodystrophy, one of these was described by S. R.