The 2017 CALDAR Summer Institute and International Conference Promoting Global Health-Precision Research in Substance Abuse, HIV, and Care.

The 2017 CALDAR Summer Institute on Longituidnal Research and International Conference Series to Promote Global Health will take place in Los Angeles Universal City, CA, USA from August 15 to August 17, 2017. The conference will present a selection of the lastest and most current reseach in the areas of addiction, HIV, and related treatment.

HIV: seek, test, treat, and retain.

The "HIV: Seek, Test, Treat, and Retain" session was chaired by Dr. Jacques Normand, the Director of AIDS Research at the U.S.

Harm reduction.

The "Harm Reduction" session was chaired by Dr. Jacques Normand, Director of the AIDS Research Program of the U.S.

Brain Abnormalities in HIV and Stimulant Users: Interventions and Prevention.

The session, "HIV and other Infectious Diseases," was chaired by Dr. Jacques Normand, Director of the AIDS Research Program of the U.S.

Capacity building and collaborative research on cross-national studies in the Asian region.

To build capacity and collaborative research for future cross-national studies in the Asian and Pacific Islander (API) region, priority research topics were identified and discussed at the April 2013 Conference to Promote Global Health in Taipei. These topics included (1) Neuroscience on HIV/HCV and amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), led by Drs. Linda Chang, Gene-Jack Wang, and Betty Tai; (2) ATS and mental health disorders, led by Drs.

The unrealized potential of addiction science in curbing the HIV epidemic.

The stubbornly high incidence of new HIV infections belies the overwhelming evidence showing that sustained highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has the power to dramatically reduce the spread of HIV infection and forever change the face of this devastating epidemic. One of the main contributors to this public health paradox is the ongoing HIV epidemic among substance users who contribute significantly to HIV infection rates through injection drug use and high-risk sexual behaviours. Current evidence clearly shows that, in order to fill this gap, we need to integrate substance abuse treatment with HIV treatment programmes and provide substance abusers with universal access to HIV treatment through a focussed effort to seek, test, treat, and retain hard-to-reach high risk individuals.

Accurate solid-state band gaps via screened hybrid electronic structure calculations.

The band energy differences of solids calculated with screened hybrid density functionals, such as the functional of Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE), reproduce experimental band gaps with a high degree of accuracy. This unexpected result is here rationalized by observing that band energy differences obtained from generalized Kohn-Sham calculations with screened (short-range) Hartree-Fock-type exchange approach the excitation energies obtained via time-dependent density functional calculations with the corresponding unscreened functional. The latter are expected to be the accurate predictions of the experimental optical absorption spectra.

Addressing the need for treatment paradigms for drug-abusing patients with multiple morbidities.

Persons who use and abuse drugs are at risk for multiple morbidities that involve addiction, bloodborne infectious diseases, and sexually transmitted diseases, in addition to psychiatric illness and social instability. Infectious diseases acquired as a result of drug use can diffuse into non-drug using populations through other high-risk behaviors. Drug users also have substantial comorbidities from noncommunicable diseases and complications that can affect virtually every organ system in the body.

Culturally competent healthcare systems. A systematic review.

Culturally competent healthcare systems-those that provide culturally and linguistically appropriate services-have the potential to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities. When clients do not understand what their healthcare providers are telling them, and providers either do not speak the client's language or are insensitive to cultural differences, the quality of health care can be compromised. We reviewed five interventions to improve cultural competence in healthcare systems-programs to recruit and retain staff members who reflect the cultural diversity of the community served, use of interpreter services or bilingual providers for clients with limited English proficiency, cultural competency training for healthcare providers, use of linguistically and culturally appropriate health education materials, and culturally specific healthcare settings.

Providing affordable family housing and reducing residential segregation by income. A systematic review.

The inadequate supply of affordable housing for low-income families and the increasing spatial segregation of some households by income, race, ethnicity, or social class into unsafe neighborhoods are among the most prevalent community health concerns related to family housing. When affordable housing is not available to low-income households, family resources needed for food, medical or dental care, and other necessities are diverted to housing costs. Two housing programs intended to provide affordable housing and, concurrently, reduce the residential segregation of low-income families into unsafe neighborhoods of concentrated poverty, are reviewed: the creation of mixed-income housing developments and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Section 8 Rental Voucher Program.

The effectiveness of early childhood development programs. A systematic review.

Early childhood development is influenced by characteristics of the child, the family, and the broader social environment. Physical health, cognition, language, and social and emotional development underpin school readiness. Publicly funded, center-based, comprehensive early childhood development programs are a community resource that promotes the well-being of young children.

Community interventions to promote healthy social environments: early childhood development and family housing. A report on recommendations of the Task Force on Community Preventive Services.

The sociocultural environment exerts a fundamental influence on health. Interventions to improve education, housing, employment, and access to health care contribute to healthy and safe environments and improved community health. The Task Force on Community Preventive Services (the Task Force) has conducted systematic reviews of early childhood development interventions and family housing interventions.