Background: The clinical impact of vascular invasion in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is not well understood. Our aim was to determine if there was an association between vascular invasion and other tumor characteristics and patient outcomes in PTC.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of 536 patients with PTC between January 2007-December 2011.
Objective: Using a laparoscopic box trainer fitted with motion analysis trackers and software, we aim to identify differences between junior and senior residents performing the peg transfer task, and the impact of a distracting secondary task on performance.
Design: General surgery residents were asked to perform the laparoscopic peg transfer task on a trainer equipped with a motion tracker. They were also asked to perform the laparoscopic task while completing a secondary task.
Purpose: Pediatric cervical spine injuries are rare events. Missed injuries must be weighed against radiation exposure and excess resource utilization in a young population. A universal pediatric cervical spine clearance algorithm does not exist.
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