Minimally Invasive Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Thinning for Cervical Feminization.

At present, there is no gender-affirming facial surgery that offers feminization of the lateral neck. To demonstrate reliable relationship between the great auricular nerve point (GAP) and spinal accessory nerve along the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) in human anatomical specimens and demonstrate feasibility of muscle transection in one transgender female patient. A total of 14 human anatomical specimen dissections were performed to determine if a transection of the SCM perpendicular to the GAP could be performed without potential compromise of the spinal accessory nerve.

In office sampling of eosinophil peroxidase to diagnose eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Practical biomarkers for endotypic characterization of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remain elusive, hindering clinical utility. Eosinophil peroxidase (EPX) is an enzyme released by activated eosinophils. The objective of this study was to evaluate a clinic EPX assay as a marker of eosinophilic CRS.

Transcutaneous Retrobulbar Amphotericin B Injection for Invasive Fungal Sinusitis with Orbital Involvement: A Systematic Review.

Background: Orbital involvement of invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) is an ominous prognostic marker that should prompt rapid intervention. Transcutaneous retrobulbar administration of amphotericin B (TRAMB) is an off-label adjunctive treatment that can increase drug penetrance into diseased orbital tissue. To date, there is a lack of consensus regarding the use of TRAMB for treatment of IFS with orbital involvement.

Laryngeal Hyposensitivity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Introduction: Impaired laryngopharyngeal sensation has been implicated in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and may play an important pathophysiological role. We evaluated sensory function in OSA by examining the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) response rate and temporal profile to tactile stimulation.

Methods: Laryngeal sensation testing was performed in awake adults with and without diagnosed OSA by stimulating the medial aryepiglottic fold or arytenoid using 30-mm 5-0 and 4-0 nylon Cheung-Bearelly monofilaments.

Prognostic risk factors of buccal squamous cell carcinoma: A case-control study.

Objectives: To describe the clinicopathologic presentation of buccal squamous cell carcinoma and identify risks factors for recurrence and overall survival.

Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study of patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) treated at a single tertiary care center between 2010 and 2022. All patients with buccal subsite OCSCC treated during this time frame were included and paired with a randomly selected age and gender matched patient with non-buccal OCSCC.

Treatment of the Nose for Patients with Sleep Apnea.

Nasal obstruction is common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and may variably impact symptoms and severity of OSA. It is associated with decreased continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) compliance, and both medical and surgical management of nasal obstruction have resulted in increased CPAP adherence. Treatment of OSA with comorbid rhinitis via topical nasal steroids demonstrates a beneficial impact on daytime sleepiness.

Video-Based Decision Aids Improve Sleep Surgery Decision-Making: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Decisional conflict (DC) is high in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) surgical candidates interested in positive airway pressure (PAP) alternatives. We evaluated the impact of pre-consultation video decision aids on patient DC and decision readiness.

Methods: Prior to consultation for PAP alternatives, adult OSA patients were enrolled and completed a questionnaire querying DC (scored 0 [no conflict]-100 [high conflict]) and decision readiness.

Symptom Outcomes After Sialendoscopy-Assisted Salivary Duct Surgery: A Prospective 6-Year Study.

Objective: The objective is to evaluate the long-term impact of sialendoscopic-assisted salivary duct surgery (SASDS) on sialadenitis symptoms using the Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms (COSS) questionnaire.

Methods: The COSS questionnaire, which scores symptoms on a 0-100 scale, was administered prospectively to adult patients pre-operatively, 1-year, and 6-years post-operatively. We examined COSS scores and categories representing complete (<10), partial (10-25), and no (>25) resolution of symptoms with attention to factors significantly associated with incomplete resolution (≥10).

Networking practices and gender inequities in academic medicine: Women's and men's perspectives.

Background: Studies of gender inequities in academic medicine suggest the negative impact of men's networking practices, but little is known about how they shape faculty experiences.

Methods: In this qualitative study, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 52 women and 52 men academic medicine faculty members at 16 institutions across the US in 2019. Interviews explored participants' experiences and perceptions of gender inequities in academic medicine, including perceptions of men's networking practices.

Women's Experiences of Promotion and Tenure in Academic Medicine and Potential Implications for Gender Disparities in Career Advancement: A Qualitative Analysis.

Importance: Gender disparities in career advancement in academic medicine have persisted despite gender parity in medical school matriculation. Although numerous explanations for this gap exist, little is known about women's experiences of promotion and tenure in academic medicine.

Objective: To examine women's experiences of promotion and tenure in academic medicine to uncover mechanisms associated with the gender disparity in career advancement.

Mentoring Relationships and Gender Inequities in Academic Medicine: Findings From a Multi-Institutional Qualitative Study.

Purpose: This study examined how mentoring relationships may reinforce or mitigate gender inequities in academic medicine.

Method: In-depth, semistructured interviews with medical school faculty members (52 women and 52 men) were conducted at 16 institutions across the United States in 2019. Institutions were recruited using a purposive sampling strategy to seek diversity in geography, ownership (private or public), and prestige.

Hepatitis C as a Potential Risk Factor for Adverse Surgical Outcomes in Head and Neck Free Tissue Transfer Reconstruction.

Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with an increased risk of developing head and neck cancer (HNC), and negatively impacts cancer-specific survival. To measure the impact of HCV status on free tissue transfer failure, flap takeback, and length of stay in HNC patients undergoing reconstruction. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent head and neck free tissue transfer reconstruction at a single academic institution between August 2011 and June 2020.