A historical review of pain disparities research: Advancing toward health equity and empowerment.

Background And Purpose: This theory-guided review draws on 30 years of published data to examine and interrogate the current and future state of pain disparities research.

Methods: Using the Hierarchy of Health Disparity Research framework, we synthesize and present an overview of "three generations" of pain disparities scholarship, while proposing directions for adopting a "fourth generation" that redefines, explains, and theorizes future pain disparities research in a diverse society.

Discussion: Prior research has focused on describing the scope of disparities, and throughout the historical context of human existence, racialized groups have been subjected to inadequate pain care.

Variability of Pain Outcomes and Physical Activity Among a Diverse Sample of Older Men: Is It More Than Just Race?

There is a compendium of data documenting the increasing number of older adults. This suggests the continued need to understand identified health outcomes across domains of pain and physical activity, particularly among older men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate race similarities and/or differences in pain and rates of physical activity among White, Black, and Hispanic men 60+ years of age.

An On-Treatment Analysis of the MARQUIS Study: Interventions to Improve Inpatient Medication Reconciliation.

It is unclear which medication reconciliation interventions are most effective at reducing inpatient medication discrepancies. Five United States hospitals' interdisciplinary quality improvement (QI) teams were virtually mentored by QI-trained physicians. Sites implemented one to seven evidence-based interventions in 791 patients during the 25-month implementation period.

Effects of a multifaceted medication reconciliation quality improvement intervention on patient safety: final results of the MARQUIS study.

Background: Unintentional discrepancies across care settings are a common form of medication error and can contribute to patient harm. Medication reconciliation can reduce discrepancies; however, effective implementation in real-world settings is challenging.

Methods: We conducted a pragmatic quality improvement (QI) study at five US hospitals, two of which included concurrent controls.

Association of multiple chronic conditions and pain among older black and white adults with diabetes mellitus.

Background: Aging is often associated with the challenge of navigating daily tasks with a painful chronic medical illness. Yet, there is concern of the number of older adults impacted with more than one chronic condition. Despite the increasing number of adults diagnosed with diabetes and comorbid chronic illnesses, there remains a lack of understanding in how multiple illnesses relate to experiences of pain.