Male sex and pretreatment weight loss are associated with poor outcome in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy: a retrospective study.

The influence of sex and body mass index (BMI) on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the relationship between sex, BMI, pretreatment weight loss (PWL), and clinical outcomes in 399 stage IV NSCLC patients treated with ICIs using data abstracted from medical records. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the impact on overall survival and progression-free survival.

Prehabilitation-Driven Changes in Frailty Metrics Predict Mortality in Patients With Advanced Liver Disease.

Introduction: Frailty is a predictor of morbidity and mortality in cirrhosis. Although evidence for prehabilitation is promising, the data for liver transplant (LT) candidates are limited. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel prehabilitation strategy on changes in frailty metrics and survival in LT candidates.

Outcomes of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Are Improved in a Specialty Care Center.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressures and is managed by vasodilator therapies. Current guidelines encourage PAH management in specialty care centers (SCCs), but evidence is sparse regarding improvement in clinical outcomes and correlation to vasodilator use with referral.

Research Question: Is PAH management at SCCs associated with improved clinical outcomes?

Study Designand Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was performed at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC; overseeing 40 hospitals).

Excellence in Development of Health Care Providers: The Nicaragua Clinical Experience.

Introduction: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 17% of the U.